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Acetylation-like H2BK109Q attenuates acute brain injury and preserves axon-myelin integrity after intracerebral hemorrhage.

AIMS: Axon-myelin damage contributes to neurological dysfunction after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), but the upstream chromatin regulators … ce, Galc knockdown reduced LFB- and MBP-positive areas and NF200 signals in the caudate putamen and corpus callosum compared with untreated and siNC controls. CONCLUSION: H2BK109Q attenuates acute ICH injury and preserves axon-myelin integrity, with GALC contributing to these protective effects.

Early F-53B Exposure Induces Autism Spectrum Disorder-like Hypomyelination and Oligodendrocytes-Derived Exosomal Protein-Dependent Axonal Energy Imbalance.

Recent epidemiological evidence links prenatal exposure to chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (F-53B) to autism spectrum disorder ( … 3B could bind to their amino acid residues. Downregulation of these proteins in the hippocampus and corpus callosum aligned with behavioral and myelination abnormalities in rat offsprings. Our study establishes ODEX-mediated ATP synthesis disruption as central to F-53B-induced ASD-like pathology, urging reevaluation of perfluorooctanesulfonate alternatives for ne …

The impact of gestational diabetes mellitus on fetal neural development: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: To synthesise existing research on the impact of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on fetal neural development and subsequent c … e neuroimaging studies documented structural variations, including changes in the dimensions of the corpus callosum, ventricular size, and sulcal maturation. Molecular investigations uncovered dysregulated microRNAs that play a role in neurogenesis. Numerous studies emphasised the dose-dependent effects of maternal glucose concentrations and the protective impact …

Neurologically predominant fat embolism syndrome in an octogenarian with dementia: diagnostic challenges and prolonged recovery.

BACKGROUND: Neurologically predominant fat embolism syndrome (FES) without respiratory involvement is very rare in elderly patients with pre … ighted imaging(DWI) and numerous hypointense lesions on susceptibility-weighted imaging(SWI) of the corpus callosum, cerebellum, and cerebrum. The patient’s clinical stability indicated conservative management was appropriate. Comprehensive supportive care included enteral nutrition, prevention of immobility-related complications, and rehabilitation. Corticostero …

Neonatal-onset epileptic encephalopathy with lissencephaly associated with a SCN3A variant: The first case in Korea and literature review.

PURPOSE: Pathogenic variants inSCN3A, encoding the voltage-gated sodium channel Naᵥ1.3, have been implicated in early infantile epileptic en … demonstrated diffuse cortical thickening consistent with the lissencephaly-pachygyria spectrum and corpus callosum dysgenesis. Despite multiple antiseizure medications, seizures remained intractable. Profound bulbar dysfunction required gastrostomy, tracheostomy, and home ventilation. Next-generation sequencing identified a heterozygous SCN3A c.2624T>C (p.Ile875 …

Genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity in tubulinopathies: insights from a Turkish multicenter cohort.

BACKGROUND: Tubulinopathies encompass a clinically and neuroradiologically diverse group of neurodevelopmental disorders caused by mutations … 33.3% of the cohort, including dystonia and mirror movements. Neuroradiological assessment revealed corpus callosum anomalies (76.9%) and cortical malformations (76.9%) as the most frequent findings. Furthermore, we identified a rare case of TUBGCP2-related tubulinopathy presenting with cystic leukomalacia, expanding the known radiological spectrum. CONCLUSION: …

Clinical, Neuroimaging and Video Electroencephalography Findings in Children With Congenital Zika Syndrome: An Analysis From a Neurorehabilitation Centre.

INTRODUCTION: Congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) represents a spectrum of fetal and neonatal abnormalities resulting from in utero Zika virus (Z … ) and vision problems (62.5%). Brain imaging revealed reduced brain tissue volume (95.8%), abnormal corpus callosum (91.1%), enlarged fluid-filled spaces in the brain (89.5%), calcium deposits at the brain's outer layers (78.3%) and abnormally thick brain folds (71.1%). We found significant links between bone/muscle malformations and both white matter disease (p …

Does white matter structure relate to hemispheric language lateralization? A systematic review.

The relationship between functional language lateralization and diffusion MRI-based white matter metrics remains a subject of considerable interest and complexity. This systematic review aims to synthesize existing diffusion MRI studies examining white matter correlates of functional language dominance. Twenty-five studies were identified through searches of Web of Science, Scopus and Ovid MEDLINE (search period: inception to 16th May 2023), involving adults with epilepsy, tumours or healthy controls. The results suggest that while the arcuate fasciculus and corpus callosum are commonly associ…

Associations among thyroid function, white matter microstructure, and emotional disturbances in thyroid eye disease.

OBJECTIVES: To characterize white matter microstructural abnormalities in thyroid eye disease (TED) using tract-based spatial statistics (TB … ed significantly reduced MK values in multiple predominantly left-sided white matter tracts and the corpus callosum, whereas FA showed no significant corrected differences. Lower MK values were associated with lower thyroid function levels and greater emotional disturbances. Exploratory mediation analyses identified significant indirect effects linking thyroid fu …

Choroid Plexus Microstructural Alterations Link Glymphatic Dysfunction and White Matter Degeneration in Parkinson's Disease.

OBJECTIVES: Glymphatic dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a key contributor to the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). In PD, both choroid plexus (CP) alterations and white matter abnormalities have been linked to glymphatic dysfunction. However, how CP microstructural abnormalities relate to glymphatic function, corpus callosum (CC) degeneration, and clinical impairment remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate these associations in PD. METHODS: Eighty-one patients with idiopathic PD and eighty age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) underwent MRI scanning. CP microstru…

Upregulation of astrocytic mitochondrial functions via Korean red ginseng-induced CREB-BKα-HIF-1α axis through L-type Ca2+ channel subunits α1C and β4.

Korean red ginseng extract (KRGE) enhances astrocytic functions through hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). Astrocytic Ca2+ influx through … d KRGE-induced increases in BKα levels, mitochondrial mass, ATP production, and O2 consumption. The corpus callosum astrocytes of KRGE-treated mice exhibited increased levels of α1 C and β4, BKα, HIF-1α, and cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB). Collectively, these findings suggest that KRGE induced astrocytic BKα and HIF-1α expression via LTCC-mediated C …

White Matter Correlates of Psychopathic Traits in a Japanese Community Sample: Sex Matters!

Psychopathy is a personality disorder marked by distinct interpersonal, affective and behavioural abnormalities. Relatively little is known … an diffusivity (MD) in the right superior longitudinal fasciculus, anterior thalamic radiation, and corpus callosum. The interaction showed that psychopathy trait scores were positively associated with MD in females, whereas the opposite pattern was observed in males. Our findings offer novel insights into the white matter correlates of psychopathic traits.

Causal neurodevelopmental origins of scoliosis: Multi-omics Mendelian randomization reveals brain-region-specific pathways and protein mediators.

BACKGROUND: The causal relationship between early-life central nervous system (CNS) infections and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) rem … fold increased risk of scoliosis (HR = 3.604, 95 % CI: 3.121-4.163, P = 0.001), with lesions in the corpus callosum and cerebellum showing the strongest effects. MR analysis identified seven imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs) causally linked to scoliosis, including grey matter volume in the left thalamus (OR = 1.451) and isotropic free water fraction in the cerebe …

PGAP1-Related Encephalopathy in an Infant With Neurodevelopmental Delay: Novel Variant and Review of Literature.

Spastic paraplegia-67, caused by a defect in glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) biosynthesis, is an autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental d … and blunt fingers, a wide mouth, lacking physical sensation, dyskinetic movements, agenesis of the corpus callosum and cerebellar hypoplasia on MRI. In our study, we used whole-exome sequencing, family segregation and bioinformatics to identify a homozygous 3 bp duplication in the GPI remodelling gene PGAP1 (c.1226_1229dup p.(Val411Argfs*3) [NM_024989.4]) in a f …

Transcriptional expression patterns of orientation dispersion index of white matter in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.

AIM: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is characterised by complex white matter (WM) structural abnormalities, yet the underlyi … ted significantly elevated orientation dispersion index (ODI) in critical WM regions, including the corpus callosum, left corona radiata, left superior longitudinal fasciculus, and right superior corona radiata. Mean ODI values demonstrated significant correlations with neurocognitive assessments, including Digit Symbol Substitution Test and Trail-Making Test. Fu …

Comparative analysis of cell-specific promoters in AAV9-mediated gene therapy targeting the central nervous system.

We present a comprehensive toolkit of ubiquitous and cell-specific promoters for potential use in adeno-associated virus (AAV)9-mediated gen … distinct patterns, with the myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) promoter driving expression in the corpus callosum, while the 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNP) promoter showed broader transduction, suggesting wider therapeutic applicability. This study establishes a promoter selection framework for AAV9-based gene therapy, enabling variable CNS …

Комбинированная терапия с экзосомами и ингибированием NLRP3 улучшает ремонт миелина в модели демиэлирования, вызванной кухонной зоной.

Множественный склероз (MS), хронический нервно-воспалительный расстройство, связан с демиэлированием и нейродегенерацией, что требует лечения, которое в настоящее время направлено на воспаление и способствует ремонту миелин. В рамках этого исследования изучалась совокупная эффективность мезенхимальных стволовых клеток (МСЦ) и MCC950, а также ингибитора NLRP3 воспаления в модели мыши обезвоживания, вызванной кухонной зоной (CPZ). Тридцать самцов мышей C57BL/6J были отнесены к пяти группам: здоровый контроль, CPZ + Saline, CPZ + EXO, CPZ + MC950, и CPZ + EXO + MEC950. Экзосомы были изолированы о

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic neuroinflammatory disorder, involves demyelination and neurodegeneration, necessitating therapies that cu … characterized, and confirmed to localize to the brain via Dil staining. Over six weeks, CPZ-induced corpus callosum demyelination was followed by two weeks of treatment. Behavioral assessments (Y-maze), histopathology (FluoroMyelin, PLP/GFAP immunofluorescence), oxidative stress marker (MDA, TAC, SOD/CAT/GPx), and qRT‒PCR analyses of oligodendrocyte lineage, infl …

Longitudinal associations of reproductive factors and exogeneous estrogens with neuroimaging biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease and cerebrovascular disease.

INTRODUCTION: Female-specific reproductive factors and exogeneous estrogen use are associated with cognition in later life. However, the und … l contraception (HC) use was longitudinally associated with higher fractional anisotropy across the corpus callosum, lower white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume, and greater cortical thickness in an AD meta-region of interest (ROI). The initiation of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) > 5 years post menopause was associated with higher WMH volume. DISCUSSION: H …

Theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation attenuates chronic ischemic demyelination and vascular cognitive impairment in mice.

Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) is mainly caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion and subsequent white matter lesions. No … ar cognitive dysfunction, probably via mitigating white matter lesions and neuroinflammation in the corpus callosum. Rxrg signaling in mature oligodendrocytes, which was increased by iTBS, might be a potential target for VCID treatment.

Intermittent theta-burst stimulation alleviates hypoxia-ischemia-caused myelin damage and neurologic disability.

Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) results in behavioral deficits, characterized by neuronal injury and retarded myelin formation. To date, limi … ion of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), decreased OL survival, and compromised myelin in the corpus callosum (CC) and hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). These alterations were concomitant with cognitive dysfunction and depression-like behaviors. Crucially, early iTBS treatment (15 G, 190 s, seven days, initiated one day post-HI) significantly alleviated HI-ca …