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Nutrition implications for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder.

Prenatal alcohol exposure produces a multitude of detrimental alcohol-induced defects in children collectively known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). Children with FASD often exhibit delayed or abnormal mental, neural, and physical growth. Socioeconomic status, race, genetics, parity, gravidity, age, smoking, and alcohol consumption patterns are all factors that may influence FASD. Optimal maternal nutritional status is of utmost importance for proper fetal development, yet is often altered with alcohol consumption. It is critical to determine a means to resolve and reduce the physic…

Urbanisation and child health in resource poor settings with special reference to under-five mortality in Africa.

The health of children improved dramatically worldwide during the 20th century, although with major contrasts between developed and developi … result of extreme poverty, family disintegration, lack of hygiene, sanitation and medical care, low nutritional status, emerging diseases (HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis) and other health hazards (environmental hazards, accidents, violence). These emerging threats need to be addressed by appropriate policies and programmes.

Chronic Intestinal Failure in Children: An International Multicenter Cross-Sectional Survey.

Background: The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism database for chronic intestinal failure (CIF) was analyzed to investigate factors associated with nutritional status and the intravenous supplementation (IVS) dependency in children. Methods: Data collected: demographics, CIF mechanism, home parenteral nutrition program, z-scores of weight-for-age (WFA), length or height-for-age (LFA/HFA), and body mass index-for-age (BMI-FA). IVS dependency was calculated as the ratio of daily total IVS energy over estimated resting energy expenditure (%IVSE/REE). Results: Five hundred and…

Insulin for hyperglycemia prevention and management during postgastrectomy nutrition support in gastric cancer: Reduced complications in a retrospective cohort study in China.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of insulin addition to the total nutrition admixture (TNA) for glycemic control among patients with gastric cancer (GC) receiving supplementary parenteral nutrition (SPN) after gastrectomy. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among 208 noncritical ill patients who underwent gastrectomy for GC from 2017 to 2019 at a tertiary teaching hospital in Lanzhou, China. All the included patients received individualized SPN and enteral nutrition treatment after gastrectomy. The patients were randomly divided into i

The Comparison of Pierre Robin Sequence and Non-Syndromic Cleft Palate.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate pre-operative nutritional status, associated syndromes and abnormalities, and post-operative outcomes of patients with Pierre Robin Sequence (PRS) versus those with non-syndromic isolated cleft palate (CIP). METHODS: Between January 1995 and December 2013, patients with a cleft palate Veau I-II according to the Veau classification with and without PRS who underwent primary repair were retrospectively analyzed. The nutrition status, age at the time of palatoplasty, additional anomalies, gestational complications, and post-operative speech abn…

Dudrick Research Symposium 2015-Lean Tissue and Protein in Health and Disease.

The 2015 Dudrick Research Symposium "Lean Tissue and Protein in Health and Disease: Key Targets and Assessment Strategies" was held on February 16, 2015, at Clinical Nutrition Week in Long Beach, California. The Dudrick Symposium honors the many pivotal and innovative contributions to the development and advancement of parenteral nutrition made by Dr Stanley J. Dudrick, physician scientist, academic leader, and a founding member of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. As the 2014 recipient of the Dudrick award, Dr Carrie Earthman chaired the symposium and was the first of

Gastrointestinal function and quality of life after pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy.

The pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy (PPPD) has taken the place of the conventional Whipple pancreatoduodenectomy as the standard pr … l within 6 months after PPPD, and this correlates with the changes in gastrointestinal function and nutritional status. It still remains an unresolved question, however, whether the Billroth-I PPPD really leads to better long-term nutritional status, but worse early gastric emptying function, than the Billroth-II type of reconstruction.

[Effects of parenteral glutamine in patients submitted to bone marrow transplantation].

UNLABELLED: Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is a therapy used for hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. Associated chemotherapy and r … tional support in a group of patients with BMT. We have also analyzed associated complications, the nutritional status, the clinical course at 6 months, differences as to type of transplantation, and oral ingestion capability. This is a phase IV, randomized, double blind, and parallel clinical trial, done at a single center. The study was performed on 49 patients, 2 …

Malnutrition improvement for infants under 18 months old of Dai minority in Luxi, China.

BACKGROUND: Child malnutrition and thiamine deficiency remain a matter of public concern in Dai children under 5 years old in Southwest areas of China. The aim of the present study was to understand the status and correlates of malnutrition and thiamine deficiency in Dai children under 18 months old in Yunnan, China, and to explore an effective intervention for improving their nutritional status and decreasing the prevalence of malnutrition and thiamine deficiency in Dai children. METHODS: Well-trained investigators completed a baseline evaluation survey, including questionnaire survey by mat…

Total iron-binding capacity-estimated transferrin correlates with the nutritional subjective global assessment in hemodialysis patients.

We examined the value of transferrin concentrations in estimating nutritional status as determined by the subjective global assessment (SGA) score. Fifty-nine hemodialysis patients (37 men and 22 women, aged 59+/-16 years, dialyzed for 3.6+/-3.9 years) were selected by predetermined criteria. All received erythropoietin (EPO) and oral iron therapy. SGA evaluation was conducted twice by both a dietitian and a physician. Serum iron, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC; which is linearly correlated with transferrin), transferrin saturation ratio, ferritin, albumin, total protein, and cholesterol we…

Preoperative nutrition in colorectal cancer surgery: mini review.

In colorectal cancer patients, malnutrition, sarcopenia, and even cachexia are highly prevalent (24-65%); those patients who undergo surgery with a compromised nutritional status tend to have more complications (OR: 1.84; 1.35-2.48). Therefore, proper nutritional management before surgery is essential. The principal therapeutic option for patients with colorectal cancer is surgery; in this way, these patients are vulnerable to a worse prognosis if a preoperative nutritional intervention is not considered. An individualized, well-designed nutrition care plan, as part of a multimodal therapeutic…

Impact of targeted nursing care and nutritional support on clinical outcomes in diabetic nephropathy patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.

This study aimed to investigate the impact of targeted nursing care combined with nutritional support on the clinical outcomes of diabetic n … during HD helped improve residual renal function, reduce the body's inflammatory response, improve nutritional status and the quality of life, reduce adverse events, and at the same time, improve nursing satisfaction.

Предварительная обработка сигнатуры эндокринного недоедания прогнозируют клиническую пользу от PD-1/PD-L1 Блокирование гематологовых магнатов.

Гематологические заболевания создают значительное бремя для здоровья людей во всем мире, а запрограммированная клеточная смертность protein-1 (В тыс.PD-1)/запрограммированный смертельный лиганж клеток 1 (В тыс.PD-L1) ингибиторы, революционизирующие лечение в подтипах, таких, как классическая лимфома Ходжкина (cHL) и первичная медистинальная лимфома В-клеток (PMBCL), достигающая высоких объективных показателей ответов (ORR). Однако эффективность варьируется в широких пределах, при этом успех в множестве миеломы ограничен.< 10% ORR) и лейкемии, подчеркивая необходимость лучшего прогнозирования,

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Hematologic malignancies pose significant global health burdens, with programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 … ed hormones (cortisol, thyroid, sex steroids, insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1, adipokines) and nutritional status (vitamin D, zinc, protein-energy malnutrition, iron metabolism) modulate T-cell exhaustion, myeloid suppression, and tumor microenvironment dynamics, often leading to resistance. Evidence from cohorts shows hypercortisolism, hypothyroidism, insulin …

Metabolic and Nutritional Issues after Lower Digestive Tract Surgery: The Important Role of the Dietitian in a Multidisciplinary Setting.

Many patients undergo small bowel and colon surgery for reasons related to malignancy, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), mesenteric ischemia … n requirements. Finally, anatomical and functional changes resulting from surgery can affect either nutritional status due to malabsorption or nutritional support (NS) pathways. The dietitian providing NS to these patients needs to understand the pathophysiology underlying these sequelae and collaborate with other professionals, including surgeons, internists, nurse …

Effects of the multidomain intervention with nutritional supplements on cognition and gut microbiome in early symptomatic Alzheimer's disease: a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: The SoUth Korean study to PrEvent cognitive impaiRment and protect BRAIN health through lifestyle intervention in at-risk elderly people (SUPERBRAIN) is a part of the World-Wide Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (WW-FINGERS) network. This study aimed to demonstrate the effects of the SUPERBRAIN-based multidomain intervention with nutritional supplements in amyloid positive emission tomography (PET) proven early symptomatic Alzheimer's disease patients. METHODS: Forty-six participants who were diagnosed with mild cognitive impairmen

Postoperative nutritional benefits of proximal parenchymal pancreatectomy for low-grade malignant lesions in the pancreatic head.

BACKGROUND: Outcomes of proximal parenchymal pancreatectomy (PPP) as compared to pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) have not been reported. The aim … SSION: The complication rate of PPP is equivalent to that of PD. PPP demonstrated better short-term nutritional status than PD. Moreover, preservation of the total duodenum and bile duct may reduce the risk of developing postoperative diabetes and cholangitis.

Anthropometric and nutritional parameters in Egyptian children and adolescents with osteogenesis imperfecta.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Patients with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) present with various degrees of short stature and nutritional disorders. Thus, w … ric and nutritional parameters differ among OI types. Assessment of anthropometric measurements and nutritional status in OI patients is important.

Malnutrition in pregnancy following bariatric surgery: three clinical cases of fetal neural defects.

OBJECTIVE: Bariatric surgery results in decreased food intake and a variable degree of malabsorption. Without adequate supplementation, the … orn 3 had microcephaly, bilateral microphthalmia and sensorineural deafness. CONCLUSIONS: Diet and nutritional status, before and during pregnancy, play an important role in the early processes of fetal development and neonatal outcome. Women of childbearing age who have had bariatric surgery, should be encouraged to follow a well-balanced diet as part of a weight …

Enteral tube feeding in older people with advanced dementia: findings from a Cochrane systematic review.

AIM: Enteral tube feeding for people with advanced dementia who have difficulty swallowing and poor nutritional intake is common. Potential … es. None of the studies examined the effect on QOL and there was no evidence of benefit in terms of nutritional status or the prevalence of pressure ulcers. CONCLUSIONS: There is insufficient evidence to suggest that enteral tube feeding is beneficial in people with advanced dementia. Data is lacking on the adverse effects of this intervention.

[Supportive measures in palliation: pain therapy and nutrition].

Pain relief and nutritional support represent two main efforts of palliative medicine. A considerable proportion of surgical patients might … ional support the patient's acceptance must be respected. Other guidelines concern life expectancy, nutritional status, or intestinal function and influence the decision whether or not nutritional support should be offered. Enteral feeding should always be the treatment of first choice due to economical and logistic reasons but also due to the fact that translocatio …