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Inhibition of Pin1 alleviates myocardial fibrosis and dysfunction in STZ-induced diabetic mice.

Therapeutic management of diabetic myocardial fibrosis remains an unsolved clinical problem. Pin1, a peptidyl-prolyl isomerase, impacts diverse cellular processes and plays a pivotal role in regulating cardiac pathophysiology. Here we investigate the potential mechanism of action of Pin1 and its role in diabetes-induced myocardial fibrosis and dysfunction in mice. Cardiac Pin1, transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and extracellular matrix deposits (collagen I and III) are found to be increased in diabetic mice, which are effectively prevented by Pin1 inhibition

Early cardiac changes induced by a hypercaloric Western-type diet in "subclinical" obesity.

"Obesity cardiomyopathy" effects have been widely described; however, the specific contribution of metabolic changes and altered adipokine secretion are still uncharacterized. Moreover, a diagnosis based on body mass index might not be the most accurate to identify increased adiposity and its outcomes. In this study, we aimed to determine the impact of a Western-type diet [hypercaloric diet (HCD)] ingestion on biventricular structure and function, as well as the metabolic and endocrine changes that occur before the establishment of overt obesity. Wistar rats were fed for 6 wk with a regular di

Chlorogenic acid against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in rats.

This study examined the effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) and explored the possible mechanisms of action. Liver fibrosis was induced in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats by the injection of 40% CCl(4) subcutaneously twice a week for eight weeks. At the same time, CGA (60 and 30mg/kg) was administered intragastrically once daily to a subset of rats. Upon pathological examination, the CGA-treated rats showed significantly reduced liver damage and symptoms of liver fibrosis. The expression of collagen I and collagen III mRNA was increased mar

The effects of vitamin D receptor polymorphism on secondary hyperparathyroidism and bone density after renal transplantation.

Immunosuppresive treatment and secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) are considered among the most important pathogenetic factors for postrenal transplant bone disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships among vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism, parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, and bone density in renal transplant recipients. We enrolled 69 patients (47 men and 22 women; mean age, 47 +/- 11 years) who had undergone kidney transplantation 51 +/- 5 months before. All patients underwent an evaluation of the main biochemical parameters of bone metabolism as well as

Osteoclasts degrade bone and cartilage knee joint compartments through different resorption processes.

BACKGROUND: Osteoclasts have been strongly implicated in osteoarthritic cartilage degradation, at least indirectly via bone resorption, and have been shown to degrade cartilage in vitro. The osteoclast resorption processes required to degrade subchondral bone and cartilage-the remodeling of which is important in the osteoarthritic disease process-have not been previously described, although cathepsin K has been indicated to participate. In this study we profile osteoclast-mediated degradation of bovine knee joint compartments in a novel in vitro model using biomarkers of extracellular matrix (

Skin wound healing improvement in diabetic mice through FTIR microspectroscopy after implanting pluripotent stem cells.

Diabetes is a chronic degenerative disease that carries multiple complications. One of the most important complications is the diabetic cuta … of the epidermis and the cellularity index in the dermis as well as the content and arrangement of collagen type I and III fibers. Finally, for the FTIRM analysis, skin cryosections were obtained and analyzed by employing a Cassegrain objective of 16× of an FTIR microscope coupled to an FTIR spectrometer. For this purpose, 20 mice were divided into two groups ac …

Evaluation of results of open distal femur fractures with primary fixation and antibiotic impregnated collagen.

PURPOSE: Distal femoral fracture is one of the most common lower limb injuries and accounts for less than 1% of all fractures. Open fracture takes 5%-10% of the all distal femoral fractures, which is at an increased risk of complications. There were limited studies which documented the outcomes of such cases. The present study aims to evaluate the outcome and complications in these fractures using primary definitive fixation with condylar locking plate and antibiotic impregnated collagen sheet secondary to aggressive debridement. METHODS: This is a prospective study conducted in a tertiary ca

Декорин-модифицированные умбилевые стволовые клетки (МЧС) Актентно-излученные травмы легких посредством регулирования воспаления, фибротических факторов и иммунных ответов.

ЦЕЛЬ: Оценка терапевтического воздействия декорина (ДХН) с модифицированными мезенхимальными стволовыми клетками (МСЦ) на повреждения легких в результате радиации (РИЛИ) и уточнение основных механизмов. МЕТОДЫ И МАТЕРИАЛЫ: Месенхимальные стволовые клетки (МСЦ), произведенные с помощью умбильного шнура (МСЦ), были модифицированы с помощью Ad(E1-). ДХН для создания метательно-выражающих MSC (MSC-modicated MSC [MSC.DCN]). В экспериментальной модели мыши RILI MSCs.DCN и MSC.Null [MSC, модифицированные с Ad(E1-.Null] были внутривенно пересажены в течение 6 часов или 28 дней после облучения. Терапти

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
PURPOSE: To evaluate the therapeutic effects of decorin (DCN)-modified mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on radiation-induced lung injuries (RIL … finding was that MSCs.DCN were much more effective in inducing interferon-γ expression, inhibiting collagen type III α1 expression in pulmonary tissues, and decreasing the proportion of Tregs. Furthermore, our data suggested that treatment during the acute phase (6 hours) after irradiation evoked much stronger responses both in attenuating inflammation and in in …

[Experimental study on loading naringin composite scaffolds for repairing rabbit osteochondral defects].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the performance of loading naringin composite scaffolds and its effects on repair of osteochondral defects. METHODS: The loading naringin and unloading naringin sustained release microspheres were prepared by W/O/W method; with the materials of the attpulgite and the collagen type I, the loading naringin, unloading naringin, and loading transforming growth factor β 1 (TGF-β 1) osteochondral composite scaffolds were constructed respectively by "3 layers sandwich method". The effect of sustained-release of loading naringin microspheres, the morphology of the composite …

Pirfenidone Injection to Prevent Vocal Fold Scarring in a Canine Model: A Pilot Preclinical Study.

OBJECTIVES: This pilot study investigated the safety and efficacy of pirfenidone (PFD) injection for vocal fold (VF) scarring after laser co … atory function was assessed using high-speed imaging, followed by histological and IHC analyses for collagen type I (COL1) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). RESULTS: In the toxicity test, VFs injected with ≤ 2.5 mg/mL PFD showed complete epithelial healing, whereas those injected with ≥ 5.0 mg/mL PFD showed epithelial detachment from the lamina propria. In the …

Association of serum osteocalcin with bone microarchitecture and muscle mass in Beijing community-dwelling postmenopausal women.

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease with increasing bone fragility and prone to fracture. Osteocalcin (OC), as the most abundant non collagen in bone matrix, has been extensively used in clinic as a biochemical marker of osteogenesis. Two forms of OC were stated on circulation, including carboxylated osteocalcin (cOC) and undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC). OC was not only involved in bone mineralization, but also in the regulation of muscle function. OBJECTIVE: This study explored the relationship between serum OC, cOC, ucOC levels and bone mineral density (BMD), bone m

Comparison of 3 Different Surgical Techniques for Rotator Cuff Repair in a Rabbit Model: Direct Suture, Inlay Suture, and Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) Suture Anchor.

BACKGROUND: Rotator cuff tears have been repaired using the transosseous method for decades. The direct suture (DS) technique has been widely used for rotator cuff tears; however, the retear rate is relatively high. Suture anchors are now used frequently for rotator cuff repair (RCR) in accordance with recent developments in materials. However, polyether ether ketone (PEEK) may still cause complications such as the formation of cysts and osteophytes. Some studies have developed the inlay suture (IS) technique for RCR. PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS: To compare how 3 different surgical techniques-namely,

GJD Modulates Cardiac/Vascular Inflammation and Decreases Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Rats.

Gedan Jiangya decoction (GJD) (aqueous ethanol extract), a traditional Chinese medicine formula which contain six botanical drugs (Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Miq., Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi, Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., Prunella vulgaris L., and Achyranthes bidentata Blume) was designed to treat hypertension; however, the underlying mechanism of action is unclear. This study aimed to determine the mechanisms of action of GJD in the treatment of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Male SHRs were randomly divided into five groups: GJD doses were lo

Adipose-derived stem cell induced-tissue repair or wound healing is mediated by the concomitant upregulation of miR-21 and miR-29b expression and activation of the AKT signaling pathway.

BACKGROUND: Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), a subpopulation of mesenchymal stem cells, are characterized by their potential to different … oliferation and migration rates than ADSCs cultured without HDFs. Moreover, increased expression of Collagen Type I Alpha 1 Chain (COL1A1), Collagen Type III Alpha 1 Chain (COL3A1), alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), p-Akt and decreased expression of Phosphatase and tensin homolog (P …

IS THERE NEURAL AND FUNCTIONAL RECOVERY AFTER CLIP REMOVAL IN CERVICAL EXPERIMENTAL SYMPATHECTOMY?

BACKGROUND: The surgical treatment of hyperhidrosis by thoracic sympathectomy has brought, in addition to symptomatic relief for many, its m … icant difference between groups regarding the intensity the inflammatory process, but the amount of collagen type I and type III was significantly higher in group 2. CONCLUSIONS: The injury caused by the polymer clip on the sympathetic nerve may be reversible, allowing functional return in the areas involved in the simulated cervical sympathectomy. Clipping of t …

Simulating intervertebral disc cell behaviour within 3D multifactorial environments.

MOTIVATION: Low back pain is responsible for more global disability than any other condition. Its incidence is closely related to interverte … ons of existing experimental knowledge. Cellular activity reflected by mRNA expression of Aggrecan, Collagen type I, Collagen type II, MMP-3 and ADAMTS were calculated for inflamed and non-inflamed cells. mRNA expression over long periods of time is additionally determined including cell viability estimations. Model predictions were eventually validated with inde …

Renal Denervation Effects on Myocardial Fibrosis and Ventricular Arrhythmias in Rats with Ischemic Cardiomyopathy.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: To investigate the impact of renal denervation (RDN) on myocardial fibrosis and ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) in rats with ischemic cardiomyopathy. METHODS: An ischemic cardiomyopathy model was reproduced with myocardial infarction (MI) in adult Sprague-Dawley male rats. The RDN/Sham-RDN procedure was performed at 2 weeks after MI. Sham-MI and sham-RDN rats served as the control group. At 4 weeks after RDN, programmed electrical stimulation (PES) was used to induce VAs, including ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation, in all 3 groups (MI+RDN, MI, and control gr

Therapeutic Effects of a TANK-Binding Kinase 1 Inhibitor in Germinal Center-Driven Collagen-Induced Arthritis.

OBJECTIVE: The production of class-switched high-affinity autoantibodies derived from organized germinal centers (GCs) is a hallmark of many autoimmune inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK-1) is a serine/threonine kinase involved in the maturation of GC follicular helper T (Tfh) cells downstream of inducible costimulator signaling. We undertook this study to assess the therapeutic potential of TBK-1 inhibition using the small-molecule inhibitor WEHI-112 in antibody-dependent models of inflammatory arthritis. METHODS: Using the models of collag

High Tibial Osteotomy in Combination With Chondrogenesis After Stem Cell Therapy: A Histologic Report of 8 Cases.

PURPOSE: To histologically evaluate the quality of articular cartilage regeneration from the medial compartment after arthroscopic subchondral drilling followed by postoperative intra-articular injections of autologous peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) and hyaluronic acid with concomitant medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO) in patients with varus deformity of the knee joint. METHODS: Eight patients with varus deformity of the knee joint underwent arthroscopic subchondral drilling of International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) grade 4 bone-on-bone lesions of the medial compartmen

Corticosteroids augment cyclosporine nephrotoxicity in pediatric nephrotic syndrome: potential role of alternatively activated macrophages.

BACKGROUND: Cyclosporine A (CsA) is an effective steroid-sparing agent for steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS); however, long-term use can cause chronic kidney injury (CsA nephropathy). We previously reported that alternatively activated macrophages (M2-type) are linked to interstitial fibrosis in progressive kidney disease. This study aimed to investigate the potential involvement of M2-type macrophages in CsA nephropathy in SDNS. METHODS: Thirty-three children with SDNS treated with CsA for more than 2 years were investigated. Fourteen age-matched SDNS children without CsA served as