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Pancreatitis: TIGAR-O Version 2 Risk/Etiology Checklist With Topic Reviews, Updates, and Use Primers.

The Toxic-metabolic, Idiopathic, Genetic, Autoimmune, Recurrent and severe acute pancreatitis and Obstructive (TIGAR-O) Pancreatitis Risk/Etiology Checklist (TIGAR-O_V1) is a broad classification system that lists the major risk factors and etiologies of recurrent acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, and overlapping pancreatic disorders with or without genetic, immunologic, metabolic, nutritional, neurologic, metaplastic, or other features. New discoveries and progressive concepts since the 2001 TIGAR-O list relevant to understanding and managing complex pancreatic disorders require an up

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… A recombined allele of the lipase gene CEL and its pseudogene CELP confers susceptibility to chronic pancreatitis. Nat Genet 2015;47:518–22. 96. Xiao X, Jones G, Sevilla WA, et al. … Fucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2) non-secretor status and blood group B are associated with elevated serum lipase activity in asymptomatic subjects, and an increased risk for chronic pancreatitis: A genetic association study. Gut 2015;64:646–56. 115. Yeo TP. …

Anandamide suppresses pain initiation through a peripheral endocannabinoid mechanism.

Peripheral cannabinoid receptors exert a powerful inhibitory control over pain initiation, but the endocannabinoid signal that normally engages this intrinsic analgesic mechanism is unknown. To address this question, we developed a peripherally restricted inhibitor (URB937) of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), the enzyme responsible for the degradation of the endocannabinoid anandamide. URB937 suppressed FAAH activity and increased anandamide levels outside the rodent CNS. Despite its inability to access brain and spinal cord, URB937 attenuated behavioral responses indicative of persistent pa

Computed tomography-based conventional imaging features and texture analysis characteristics of chemotherapy drug-related acute pancreatitis.

PurposeChemotherapy drug-related acute pancreatitis (CDRAP) is a rare adverse event that poses significant challenges to clinicians. This study aimed to describe plain computed tomography (CT)- and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT)-based conventional imaging features and texture analysis characteristics of CDRAP.MethodsA total of 62 patients with initial clinical and/or biochemical evidence of pancreatitis and 34 patients with normal pancreatic manifestations who underwent CT during chemotherapy were retrospectively included. The diagnosis of CDRAP was established based on clinical,

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… The inclusion criteria for the CDRAP group were as follows: (I) a clinical diagnosis of acute pancreatitis, meeting at least two of the following criteria ( 20 ): (a) typical abdominal pain, (b) serum amylase (AMY) and/or lipase (LIP) levels elevated to more than three times the upper limit of normal … AMY, serum amylase; LIP, serum lipase; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; NLR, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio; PLR, platelet to lymphocyte ratio; SII, systemic immune inflammation index. …

Phase I study of IMGN901, a CD56-targeting antibody-drug conjugate, in patients with CD56-positive solid tumors.

Background IMGN901 is a CD56-targeting antibody-drug conjugate designed for tumor-selective delivery of the cytotoxic maytansinoid DM1. This phase 1 study investigated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary activity of IMGN901 in patients with CD56-expressing solid tumors. Methods Patients were enrolled in cohorts of escalating IMGN901 doses, administered intravenously, on 3 consecutive days every 21 days. A dose-expansion phase accrued patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), or ovarian cancer. Results Fifty-two patients were treated at do

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… Infections/infestations 1 (3.4) 5 (11.4) 1 (4.5) 0 7 (7.2) Investigations 1 (3.4) 19 (43.2) 12 (54.5) 1 (50.0) 33 (34.0) ALT 0 9 (20.5) 3 (13.6) 1 (50.0) 13 (13.4) AST 0 9 (20.5) 6 (27.3) 1 (50.0) 16 (16.5) GGT 0 6 (13.6) 4 (18.2) 1 (50.0) 11 (11.3) Hemoglobin decreased 0 4 (9.1) 1 (4.5) 0 5 (5.2) Lipase … Clinically significant elevations of pancreatic enzymes (serum amylase, lipase, and/or trypsinogen) were seen in 16 % of the patients treated at 60 mg/m 2 and in one of four (25 %) patients in the 24-mg/m 2 cohort; however, only two patients experienced an AE of pancreatitis. …

Острый панкреатит в качестве первоначального представления метастатического рака груди, вызванного злокачественной гиперкальцемией: доклад по делу.

Острый панкреатит, вызванный гиперкальцемией, является редким заболеванием, которое чаще всего ассоциируется с первичным гиперпаратироидизмом или продвинутыми магнеями, и представляет собой экстренную метаболическую ситуацию. Мы сообщаем о случае 63-year-old Женщина, которая испытывала сильную эпигазную боль в животе, запор и приступы дезориентации. Лабораторные тесты выявили повышенные поджелудочные ферменты и сильную гиперкальцемию. Был диагностирован острейший панкреатит, вторичный до гиперкальцемии, и нормальные уровни паратироидного гормона (PTH) исключали первичный гиперпаратироидизм. Пр

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… Initial laboratory findings demonstrated elevated pancreatic enzymes (lipase more than 10 times the upper reference limit), severe hypercalcemia (serum calcium ≥14 mg/dL), anemia, thrombocytopenia, mild renal dysfunction, and increased inflammatory and tissue injury markers. … Table 1 Laboratory Findings at Admission AST: Aspartate Aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine Aminotransferase; GGT: Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase Parameter | Result | Reference Range Amylase | 248 U/L | 30-110 U/L Lipase | 843 U/L | 13-60 U/L Total Calcium | 16.4 mg/dL | 8.5-10.5 mg/dL Ionized Calcium | 2.15 …

Developing high-concentration monoclonal antibody formulations for subcutaneous administration to improve patient treatment.

The transition of immunotherapy administration from intravenous infusion to subcutaneous (SC) administration of monoclonal antibody formulations for oncology patients has garnered significant interest. SC administration offers multiple benefits, including potential for at-home administration, enhanced patient compliance, reduced hospital congestion, lowered health care costs, and improved sustainability by reducing drug wastage and minimizing environmental impact. However, for many biologics, the shift to SC administration requires the development of high-concentration monoclonal antibody prod

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… Possible toxicity issues (see also below) | Stabilizing effects: Surfactants: Polysorbates like PS80 and PS20 (Baek and Zydney 2018 ; Holstein et al. 2020 ) Metal chelator: EDTA (Holstein et al. 2020 ) In downstream purification processes, focus on eliminating troublesome lipases or employ a knockout … Residual host cell proteins that can co-purify with protein products, such as lipases, have been seen to increase the degradation of polysorbate 80. To mitigate lipase activity, it is possible to incorporate a metal chelator such as ethylenediaminetretraacetic acid (EDTA) into the formulation. …

Mechanisms Behind the Pharmacological Application of Biochanin-A: A review.

This review was aimed at summarizing the cellular and molecular mechanisms behind the various pharmacological actions of biochanin-A. Many studies have been reported claiming its application in cancers, metabolic disorders, airway hyperresponsiveness, cardiac disorders, neurological disorders, etc. With regard to hormone-dependent cancers like breast, prostate, and other malignancies like pancreatic, colon, lung, osteosarcoma, glioma that has limited treatment options, biochanin-A revealed agreeable results in arresting cancer development. Biochanin-A has also shown therapeutic benefits when a

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… Lipoprotein lipase and hepatic triglyceride lipase levels are increased. Molecular docking studies on biochanin-A displayed a noteworthy role in reducing cholesterol-ester transport ( Xue et al. , 2017 ). … and hepatic triglyceride lipase ↑ | ( Xue et al. , 2017 ) Obesity | HFD-induced obese rats. | p/o | HFD induced trace elements metabolism ↓ Glucose, insulin, ferritin, total cholesterol, phospholipids, free fatty acids ↓ | ( Antony Rathinasamy et al. , 2020 ). …

Узкие полифенолы в питании свиноматок: обновление.

Окисляющий стресс является потенциально критическим фактором, влияющим на производительность гектарирующих и кормящих свиней. Полифенолы представляют собой большой класс вторичных метаболитов растений, обладающих мощными антиоксидантами. Все полифенолы структурно характеризуются ароматическими кольцами с множеством гидроксилов водорода; они делают полифенолы идеальными атомами водорода и электронными донорами для нейтрализации свободных радикалов и других реактивных видов кислорода. В течение последнего десятилетия все большее внимание уделялось полифенолам в качестве функциональных кормовых д

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… 0 and L 21 ], ↓ H 2 O 2 [L 0 ] and MDA [L 21 ]). | Meng et al. (2018) Resveratrol | • Dosage: 300 mg/kg • Period: G 20 –L 21 | • Improved colostrum and milk composition (↑ Lactose [L 0 ], total solids [L 21 ], and fat [L 21 ]); • Elevated lipid-related metabolites of suckling piglets at 21 d old (↑ lipase … , low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and insulin); • Elevated enzyme activities in adipose tissue of suckling piglets at 21 d old (↑ hormone-sensitive lipase, lipoprotein lipase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase); • Up-regulated mRNA expression of lipid metabolic regulators …

RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS OF THE 34th ECVIM-CA CONGRESS.

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… dogs with extrahepatic biliary disease ESCG‐P‐9 | Kunath | Serum transcobalamin II concentrations are decreased in cats with chronic enteropathy ESCG‐P‐10 | Fauquet | Effects of short‐term immunosuppressive corticosteroid therapy on 1,2‐o‐dilauryl‐rac‐glycero‐glutaric acid (6'‐methylresorufin)‐ester lipase … activity and canine pancreatic‐specific lipase concentration in healthy dogs ESCG‐P‐11 | Berro | Comparison of clinical and paramedical abnormalities between dogs with food‐responsive enteropathy and dogs with immunosuppressant‐responsive enteropathy: A retrospective study ESCG‐P‐12 | Hernandez | Diet …

Роль аполипопротеина Е в нейродегенеративных заболеваниях.

Apolipopetein E (APOE) — белок, широко выраженный в большинстве нейронов центральной нервной системы. Зависящие от APOE изменения эндоцитного пути могут влиять на различные функции. APOE связывается с клеточными рецепторами для доставки липидов и гидрофобными амилоидами β-пептида, регулируя амилоидно-β-агрегирование и расчистку мозга. Было обнаружено несколько изоформов APOE с существенными структурными различиями, которые оказывают влияние на перенос липидов мозга, метаболизм глюкозы, нейрональный сигнал, нейроинфламмацию и митохондриальную функцию. В ходе этого обзора будет обобщена обновлен

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… APOE is also involved in the formation of chylomicrons and VLDL and affects the activity of other lipid metabolism-associated proteins and enzymes, such as hepatic lipase and lipoprotein lipase. …

Chronic periodontitis genome-wide association studies: gene-centric and gene set enrichment analyses.

Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of chronic periodontitis (CP) offer rich data sources for the investigation of candidate genes, functional elements, and pathways. We used GWAS data of CP (n = 4,504) and periodontal pathogen colonization (n = 1,020) from a cohort of adult Americans of European descent participating in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study and employed a MAGENTA approach (i.e., meta-analysis gene set enrichment of variant associations) to obtain gene-centric and gene set association results corrected for gene size, number of single-nucleotide polymorphisms,

The Role of Cannabinoids in Advancing Cancer Treatment: Insights from Evidence-Based Medicine.

Purpose of reviewThis document critically examines the role of cannabinoids in cancer care during an era marked by rapid advancements in oncology and changing perceptions on cannabis. It traces the historical context of cannabis in medicinal use, navigating its journey from widespread acceptance, subsequent criminalization, to its resurgence in modern therapeutic applications, particularly within the framework of Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM).Recent findingsAnchored in EBM principles, this study synthesizes current research from clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses to evaluat

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… Monoacylglycerol lipase deficiency in the tumor microenvironment slows tumor growth in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncoimmunology. 2021;10(1):1965319. 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1965319. 18. Qiu C, Yang L, Wang B, Cui L, Li C, Zhuo Y, et al. … Monoacylglycerol lipase regulates cannabinoid receptor 2-dependent macrophage activation and cancer progression. Nat Commun. 2018;9(1):2574. 10.1038/s41467-018-04999-8. 21. Gruber T, Robatel S, Kremenovic M, Bäriswyl L, Gertsch J, Schenk M. …

The Contribution of Tumor Derived Exosomes to Cancer Cachexia.

Cancer cachexia is defined as unintentional weight loss secondary to neoplasia and is associated with poor prognosis and outcomes. Cancer cachexia associated weight loss affects both lean tissue (i.e., skeletal muscle) and adipose tissue. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that originate from multivesicular bodies that contain intentionally loaded biomolecular cargo. Exosome cargo includes proteins, lipids, mitochondrial components, and nucleic acids. The cargo carried in exosomes is thought to alter cell signaling when it enters into recipient cells. Virtually every cell type secretes exosom

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… The process of lipolysis is sequentially mediated by a class of proteins referred to as lipases. There are 3 lipases in humans (ATGL, HSL, and MGL), and each lipase is responsive to different stimuli and inhibitors [ 112 ]. … Lipases and Their Inhibitors in Health and Disease. Chem. Biol. Interact. 2016;259:211–222. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.04.004. 113. Carpentier A.C., Blondin D.P., Virtanen K.A., Richard D., Haman F., Turcotte É.E. Brown Adipose Tissue Energy Metabolism in Humans. Front. …

Pre- and post-diagnosis physical activity, television viewing, and mortality among hematologic cancer survivors.

PurposeThe associations of physical activity and television (TV) viewing with mortality risk among individuals with hematologic malignancies remain unclear.MethodsWe examined the relations of physical activity and TV viewing time before and after diagnosis with mortality among 5182 U.S. adults aged 50-71 years from the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study cohort who survived a first primary hematologic cancer between 1995-1996 and 2011.ResultsFor the pre- and post-diagnosis analyses, we confirmed 2606 and 613 deaths respectively. In multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression models, c

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… In animal studies, hindlimb unloading has been shown to suppress skeletal muscle lipoprotein lipase production, a key enzyme in the regulation of the glucose and lipid metabolism [ 38 – 40 ]. … Suppression of skeletal muscle lipoprotein lipase activity during physical inactivity: a molecular reason to maintain daily low-intensity activity . …

Pancreatic Proteolytic Enzymes and Cancer: New Support for an Old Theory.

In 1905, the embryologist John Beard first proposed that pancreatic proteolytic enzymes had potential as a treatment for cancer. His theories were dismissed by the medical world a decade later, but various practitioners have kept the concept alive through the publication of case reports of cancer patients treated with pancreatic proteolytic enzymes. In the last 2 decades, studies of the role of proteases in physiology have made it clear that they do more than digest food. This article reviews the history of the clinical use of pancreatic proteolytic enzymes in cancer treatment, and recent rese

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… Expression of pancreatic enzymes (alpha-amylase, trypsinogen, and lipase) during human liver development and maturation . Gastroenterology . 1995 ; 108 : 1236 - 1245 . 7535276 10.1016/0016-5085(95)90225-2 46 Largman C Brodrick JW Geokas MC Johnson JH . … Serum levels of immunoreactive trypsin during development: comparison with levels of lipase and amylase . J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr . 1989 ; 9 : 194 - 199 . 2478689 10.1097/00005176-198908000-00011 75 O’Brien PJ Koi H Parry S , et al . …

Advanced Technologies for Large Scale Supply of Marine Drugs.

Marine organisms represent a source of unique chemical entities with valuable biomedical potentialities, broad diversity, and complexity. It is essential to ensure a reliable and sustainable supply of marine natural products (MNPs) for their translation into commercial drugs and other valuable products. From a structural point of view and with few exceptions, MNPs of pharmaceutical importance derive from the so-called secondary metabolism of marine organisms. When production strategies rely on marine macroorganisms, harvesting or culturing coupled with extraction procedures frequently remain t

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… Its chemoenzymatic total synthesis involved a desymmetrization step catalyzed by lipase. … The use of oxidoreductases is not as common as the use of lipases for desymmetrization of meso compounds or resolutions. …

Углубленный анализ безопасности клеточной терапии CAR-T для твердых опухолей.

В последние годы стремительный прогресс в онкологии, иммунологии и молекулярной биологии привел к резкому усовершенствованию иммунотерапии рака, особенно клеточной терапии CAR-T. Этот новаторский подход включает в себя проектирование Т клеток пациента, чтобы выразить рецепторы, которые специально нацелены на антигены опухоли, расширяя их способность выявлять и устранять раковые клетки. Однако эффективность терапии CAR-T для твердых опухолей зачастую затрудняется из-за сложной микроопухолей (TME). Комплекс TME включает плотную строму, препятствующую инфильтрации Т клеток, аномальные структуры к

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… cough, dyspnea, pulmonary edema, and ARDS; hepatotoxicity in the liver, evidenced by elevated liver enzymes; nephrotoxicity in the kidneys, marked by AKI; cardiotoxicity in the heart, manifesting as arrhythmias and heart failure; pancreatic toxicity in the pancreas, characterized by increased levels of lipase … Pancreatic toxicity Elevated lipase or amylase levels have been observed in CAR-T therapies targeting EGFR and CLDN18.3 ( 66 ). In a CAR-T cell therapy study for NSCLC, a case of transient Grade 3-4 lipase elevation was reported. …

Clinical and Therapeutic Implications of Male Obesity.

The prevalence of obesity, a disorder linked to numerous comorbidities and metabolic complications, has recently increased dramatically worldwide and is highly prevalent in men, even at a young age. Compared to female patients, men with obesity more frequently have delayed diagnosis, higher severity of obesity, increased mortality rate, and only a minority of obese male patients are successfully treated, including with bariatric surgery. The aim of this review was to present the current state of knowledge about the clinical and therapeutic implications of obesity diagnosed in males.

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… Orlistat, by inhibiting lipases in the gastric, small intestine, and pancreatic mucosa, limits the breakdown of triglycerides into free fatty acids and, consequently, decreases their absorption in the intestines. Its effect on weight reduction is more effective than a low-fat diet. … Drug | Mechanism of Action | Dosage | Average Weight Loss | Side Effects | Additional Benefits Orlistat | Pancreatic and gastric lipase inhibitor | 120 mg three times daily with meals | Around 5–10% of initial body weight | Gastrointestinal side effects (diarrhea, bloating flatulence) | Improves lipid …

Non-Exosomal and Exosomal Circulatory MicroRNAs: Which Are More Valid as Biomarkers?

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs with approximately 19-25 nucleotides that are involved in regulating a range of developmental and physiological processes. Non-exosomal circulating and exosomal miRNAs have also been proposed to be useful in diagnostics as biomarkers for diseases and different types of cancer. In this review, the quantity of miRNAs and of reliable experimental data analyses of miRNAs that come from exosomal and non-exosomal sources are discussed from the perspective of their use as biomarkers for cancer and other diseases, including viral infections, nerv

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… (HL) and (vii) endothelial lipase (EL) (participate in HDL metabolism) ( Connelly, 1999 ). … The role of hepatic lipase in lipoprotein metabolism. Clin. Chim. Acta 286, 243–255. 10.1016/S0009-8981(99)00105-9 Crossland R. E., Norden J., Kralj Juric M., Pearce K. F., Lendrem C., Bibby L. A., et al. (2017). …

A phase 2, open-label, multicenter study of ixazomib plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone in adult Japanese patients with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma.

BackgroundTOURMALINE-MM1 was a global study that demonstrated a significant improvement in progression-free survival with ixazomib plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone compared with placebo plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone, in patients with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma. The current study was conducted to evaluate further the efficacy and safety of ixazomib plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone in Japanese patients.MethodsThis phase 2, open-label, single-arm, multicenter study enrolled patients aged ≥ 20 years with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma at 16 sites in Japan.

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… 3 (9) Alanine aminotransferase increased 1 (3) Anemia 1 (3) Aspartate aminotransferase increased 1 (3) Blood creatine phosphokinase increased 1 (3) Cellulitis 1 (3) Fall 1 (3) Femoral neck fracture 1 (3) Hyperglycemia 1 (3) Hypertension 1 (3) Hypophosphatemia 1 (3) Hypotension 1 (3) Leukemia 1 (3) Lipase … aminotransferase increased | 1 (3) Anemia | 1 (3) Aspartate aminotransferase increased | 1 (3) Blood creatine phosphokinase increased | 1 (3) Cellulitis | 1 (3) Fall | 1 (3) Femoral neck fracture | 1 (3) Hyperglycemia | 1 (3) Hypertension | 1 (3) Hypophosphatemia | 1 (3) Hypotension | 1 (3) Leukemia | 1 (3) Lipase …