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Clinical manifestations of varicella-zoster virus infection.

Infections by VZV, the virus that causes chickenpox and herpes zoster, usually are diagnosed by the classic clinical presentations. In immunocompromised patients, however, the atypical presentation can make the diagnosis more challenging. Although varicella typically follows an uncomplicated course in children, adults and immunocompromised patients can develop complications involving several organs; some complications may be fatal. Prevention of disease with the vaccine is ideal. When varicella or zoster infection does occur, proper treatment should be initiated, depending on the age and immun…

Safety of varicella vaccination strategies: An overview of reviews.

The safety of new vaccines under development as well as existing vaccines is a key priority for national and international public health agencies. A number of countries have implemented universal childhood varicella vaccination programmes over the past 30 years. However, strategies differ in terms of the number of doses, type of vaccine(s) recommended, age at vaccination and interval between doses for a two-dose schedule. An overview of reviews was undertaken to assess the existing systematic review evidence of the safety of varicella vaccination strategies. The review was restricted to immuno

Safety surveillance of varicella vaccine using tree-temporal scan analysis.

IMPORTANCE: Passive surveillance systems are susceptible to the under-reporting of adverse events (AE) and a lack of information pertaining to vaccinated populations. Conventional active surveillance focuses on predefined AEs. Advanced data mining tools could be used to identify unusual clusters of potential AEs after vaccination. OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility of a novel tree-based statistical approach to the identification of AE clustering following the implementation of a varicella vaccination program among one-year-olds. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: This nationwide safety surveillance

Varicella vaccine strain infection in a non-immunocompromised patient. A case report and review of literature.

Varicella live attenuated vaccine led to a significant reduction in morbidity and mortality from varicella zoster disease. Vaccine adverse effects are mostly mild. Immunosuppression is the main risk factor for severe varicella. Risk factors for disease following vaccination are less studied. We report a 12-month-old infant with no T-cell immunodeficiency who developed severe varicella infection by vaccine strain.

Severe Herpes Zoster Following Varicella Vaccination in Immunocompetent Young Children.

Varicella vaccination is now virtually universal in North America, as well as in some European and Asian countries. Since varicella vaccine is a live attenuated virus, the virus replicates in the skin after administration and can travel via sensory nerves or viremia to become latent in the dorsal root ganglia. In some immunized children, virus reactivates within a few months to a few years to cause the dermatomal exanthem known as herpes zoster (shingles). Herpes zoster caused by vaccine virus often reactivates within the same dermatome as the site of the original varicella vaccine injection.

Do varicella vaccination programs change the epidemiology of herpes zoster? A comprehensive review, with focus on the United States.

Introduction: Policy-makers in many countries have been wary of introducing varicella vaccination programs because of concerns that reduced exposures to varicella-zoster virus could increase herpes zoster (HZ) incidence. The U.S. introduced varicella vaccination in 1996 and has empiric evidence regarding this concern. Areas covered: This comprehensive review provides background emphasizing the epidemiology of varicella and of HZ in the U.S. before and after the introduction of their respective vaccines. The epidemiology is complex, and interpretation is complicated by methodologic challenges,

[Decisional framework for varicella vaccine: challenges in the face of opportunity].

INTRODUCTION: Decision makers adopt interventions, including vaccines, which are most beneficial to populations. A transparent, unbiased, and comprehensive framework based on evidence-based criteria is a promising tool to guide decision-making on vaccine adoption: we developed a multi-dimensional framework conceived from the DECIDE - Evidence to decision Framework (EtD framework). We validated the framework by conducting a real data and evidence set collection on varicella vaccination and tested it with a multidisciplinary group. METHODS: The EtD framework presented evidence concerning the va

Global Varicella Vaccine Effectiveness: A Meta-analysis.

CONTEXT: Several varicella vaccines are available worldwide. Countries with a varicella vaccination program use 1- or 2-dose schedules. OBJECTIVE: We examined postlicensure estimates of varicella vaccine effectiveness (VE) among healthy children. DATA SOURCES: Systematic review and descriptive and meta-analysis of Medline, Embase, Cochrane libraries, and CINAHL databases for reports published during 1995-2014. STUDY SELECTION: Publications that reported original data on dose-specific varicella VE among immunocompetent children. DATA EXTRACTION: We used random effects meta-analysis models t

Varicella vaccination coverage of children under two years of age in Germany.

BACKGROUND: Since July 2004, routine varicella vaccination is recommended by the German Standing Vaccination Committee in Germany. Health Insurance Funds started to cover vaccination costs at different time points between 2004 and 2006 in the Federal States. Nationwide representative data on vaccination coverage against varicella of children under two years of age are not available. We aimed to determine varicella vaccination coverage in statutory health insured children under two years of age in twelve German Federal States using data from associations of statutory health insurance physicians

The burden of varicella complications before the introduction of routine varicella vaccination in Germany.

BACKGROUND: The true burden of varicella complications in Germany is not known. We investigated the incidence and pattern of varicella complications in children and adolescents using 3 independent surveillance sources. METHODS: Prospective nationwide surveillance in all pediatric hospitals through the German Pediatric Surveillance Unit [Erhebungseinheit für Seltene Pädiatrische Erkrankungen in Deutschland (ESPED)] was used to ascertain hospitalized varicella cases in children <or=16 years of age between January 2003 and December 2004. In the federal state, North-Rhine Westphalia (NRW), a prac

Successful vaccination against varicella zoster virus prior to kidney transplantation.

BACKGROUND: In recent years we have observed a number of severe complications of primary varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infections after adult kidney transplantation. We questioned how many patients on the waiting list for kidney transplantation had not been protected against VZV and whether patients with renal insufficiency would be able to develop a specific immune response upon VZV vaccination. METHODS: We examined the VZV antibody titer of 280 patients on the kidney transplant waiting list. Seronegative kidney transplant candidates were vaccinated twice with a live attenuated varicella vacc

[Varicella vaccination].

Varicella is a highly contagious disease due to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) belonging to the herpesvirus family. Following infection, the virus remains latent in neural ganglia, and upon subsequent reactivation VZV may cause zoster. While mostly a mild disorder in childhood, varicella tends to be more severe in adults. Healthy individuals may develop complications such as bacterial superinfections, pneumonia or encephalitis. Varicella may be fatal, especially in neonates and in immunocompromised persons. Control of varicella can be achieved only by widespread vaccination. The purpose of this

Pathogenesis of infection with varicella vaccine.

Because of its exanthem, the disease varicella has been known since antiquity. Even late in the 19th century, however, there remained considerable confusion between mild smallpox and chickenpox. The name varicella itself is an irregular diminutive form of variola. Yet, early in the 20th century, detailed histologic studies began to differentiate the exanthems. The investigation of the varicella vesicle by Tyzzer 90 years ago remains a classic example (see Fig. 2). Although the pathogenesis of varicella vaccine virus infection appears to mimic that of wt VZV infection, a vaccine virus-related e…

Взрослый инфекционный инфекция от вируса Варичелла-Зостер.

Вирус Вариселлы-Зостер (VZV), также известный как человеческий герпесвирус 3, является двойным линейным вирусом ДНК. Она может проявляться как ветрянка в детстве и, что не так часто, во взрослом возрасте, а скрытый вирус может вновь появиться в виде свечей. В данном случае расследуется необычная форма интуиции, телеобследования кишечника в контексте инфекции варицелла. Сообщения об этом явлении весьма редки, и воздействие VZV на желудочно-кишечную патологию носит главным образом теоретический характер. Это дело подчеркивает важность ранней диагностики и целенаправленного управления, а также не

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV), also known as human herpesvirus 3, is a double-stranded linear DNA virus. It can manifest as chickenpox in childhood and, much less commonly, in adulthood, and the latent virus can reemerge as shingles. This case investigates an unusual presentation of intussusception, telescoping of the bowel, in the context of varicella infect…

The Overview of Potential Antiviral Bioactive Compounds in Poxviruses.

Poxviruses belong to the family of double-stranded DNA viruses, and it is pathogenic for humans and spread worldwide. These viruses cause infections and various diseases in human. So, it is required to develop new drugs for the treatment of smallpox or other poxvirus infections. Very few potential compounds for the treatment of poxvirus such as smallpox, chickenpox, and monkeypox have been reported. Most of the compounds has used as vaccines. Cidofovir is most commonly used as a vaccine for the treatment of poxviruses. There are no phytochemicals reported for the treatment of poxviruses. Very …