Результаты поиска

Assessment of the relationship between standard probe and implantable fiber measurements of cortical bone blood flow: a canine study.

Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) has been used to assess cortical bone blood flow in various clinical situations, such as osteomyelitis and osteonecrosis. Standard metal-sheathed probes containing optical fibers, applied to cortical bone for perfusion measurements, require direct exposure of the bone surface for each measurement, making nonanesthetized assessments over time impractical. Implantable optical fibers offer a noninvasive method for evaluating cortical bone perfusion without repeated surgical exposure of the bone after initial surgical implantation of the fibers. In vitro studies have …

Serum levels of intact parathyroid hormone and alkaline phosphatase correlate with cortical and trabecular bone loss in primary hyperparathyroidism.

We examined the relationship between bone loss and several biochemical indices in 38 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Bone mineral density was reduced by 12 +/- 4.0% in the lumbar spine, 18 +/- 4.2% at the distal radius and 21 +/- 2.8% at the proximal radius (mean +/- SEM). There were significant negative correlations between the serum concentrations of intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) and the Z-scores of the bone mineral content at the proximal and distal radius. In the lumbar spine, bone mineral density was greater in patients with mildly elevated PTH and less in patients whose PTH

Differential Effects of a First-in-Class IKKα Inhibitor on Trabecular and Cortical Bone in a Human Prostate Cancer Xenograft Model.

IKKα, a key component of canonical and non-canonical NFκB signalling, is implicated in prostate cancer and bone metabolism. Here, we validated the anti-proliferative effects of selected molecules from a series of first-in-class IKKα inhibitors against a panel of human prostate cancer models and then showed that the potent anti-tumour and highly IKKα-selective SU1349 reduced the ability of human PC3 cells to migrate and invade in vitro, induce osteolysis ex vivo, and cause trabecular bone loss in mice. Paradoxically, mice treated with SU1349 exhibited cortical bone loss. Histomorphometrical in …

Do cortical and medullary bone volume, and retromolar and ramus thickness, influence the sagittal split pattern? A retrospective analysis.

Sagittal split osteotomy (SSO) is a well-established technique for mandibular repositioning, although unfavourable split patterns remain a r … er splits (LSS 2) in 5.3%, and bad splits (LSS 4) in 4.3%. LSS 1 cases showed significantly greater cortical bone volume (P = 0.005) and increased ramus thickness at all measured levels (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.0039). Angle class II patients had greater ramus thickness (P = 0.045) and lower medullary bone volume than class III patients. Greater bone volume …

Microcomputed tomographic analysis of the trabecular and cortical architecture of the proximal femur and hip bone of cats and small breed dogs.

This study aims to provide an initial database to gain more detailed knowledge of the trabecular and cortical bone structure of pelvic and femur bones in cats and smaller dogs. Additionally, the bony microarchitecture between cats and smaller dogs was compared to identify possible differences between those species. These findings could potentially improve the development of non-cemented total hip replacement (THR). To determine the bony microarchitecture, a total of 48 pelvises and thus 96 acetabuli and femora of smaller dogs (n = 21) and cats (n = 27) were analysed using microcomputed tomogra…

Graft Outcomes With or Without Use of Cortical Bone Graft for Nasal Floor Reconstruction in Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate.

ObjectiveEvaluate the use of cortical bone grafts (CBGs) for nasal floor reconstruction on alveolar bone graft (ABG) outcomes in unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP).DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingNorth-American cleft centers.SubjectsFifty-three children with nonsyndromic UCLP treated with secondary ABG.MethodsCenter 1 (n = 23) utilized CBG for nasal floor reconstruction, while Centers 2 (n = 10), 3 (n = 10), and 4 (n = 10) did not. Occlusal radiographs, taken 6 to 18 months after ABG, were assessed by 6 calibrated raters using the Standardized Way to Assess Grafts (SWAG) Scale. Wei…

A measure of intrinsic strength, not nominal strength, reflects effects of ex-vivo cortical bone matrix modulation by raloxifene.

Understanding bone strength is important when assessing bone diseases and their treatment. Bending experiments are often used to determine s … the failure process zone dimensions relative to the specimen size. We apply this approach to human cortical bone specimens extracted from a femur. We determine strength measures in the untreated reference state and after treatment with the selective estrogen receptor modulator raloxifene. We find that the common nominal strength measure does not distinguish be …

Adenine-induced kidney disease alters the cortical bone metabolome of C57BL/6J mice in a manner that depends on sex.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases the likelihood of bone fracture as well as post-fracture mortality. The loss of bone fracture resistance in CKD results from both a loss of bone mass and decreased bone material properties, which together result from changes to the health and activities of bone cells. Determining changes to bone tissue metabolism with CKD may reveal insights important to monitoring and mitigating the decrease in bone fracture resistance that commonly occurs as a result of this disease. In this study, untargeted metabolomics was conducted on marrow-flushed cortical tibiae

Membrane-initiated estrogen receptor-α signaling in osteoblasts is crucial for normal regulation of the cortical bone in female mice.

Membrane-initiated estrogen receptor α (mERα) signaling has been shown to affect bone mass in murine models. However, it remains unknown whi … termate controls. High-resolution microcomputed tomography analysis showed a consistent decrease in cortical bone mass in the tibia, femur, and vertebra L5 of Runx2-C451Af/f mice and three-point bending analysis of humerus revealed an impaired mechanical bone strength in Runx2-C451Af/f female mice compared to controls. Additionally, primary osteoblast cultures …

An analysis of the relevance and proximity between maxillary posterior root apices to the maxillary sinus and the buccal cortical bone plate.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Understanding the relationship between maxillary sinus and posterior root apices is critical in preventing dental treatment complications. This study aimed to analyze and showcase the relationship between the posterior root apices and the maxillary sinus floor, the distance to the buccal cortical bone, and their correlation with age, gender, and sides. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cone-beam computed tomography images were collected from 94 patients with a total of 478 maxillary posterior teeth and 997 roots. The shortest distance from root apices to the closest border of maxilla…

General and local predictors of mandibular cortical bone morphology in adult females and males: the seventh survey of the Tromsø Study.

OBJECTIVES: To analyze factors predicting mandibular cortical width (MCW) and mandibular cortical index (MCI) in adult females and males. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data on 427 females and 335 males aged 40-84 from The Tromsø study: Tromsø7 were used. T-score, age, menopausal status (for females), remaining teeth, and periodontal status were analyzed in linear and logistic regression analyses as predictors of MCW and MCI, respectively. RESULTS: T-score, age, and the number of remaining teeth significantly predicted MCW in females but not males. Standardized β coefficients were 0.286, -0.231, and

The Cortical Shield for Facial Bone Reconstruction of Severely Damaged Sockets with Simultaneous Implant Placement: A Feasibility Clinical Trial.

PURPOSE: To evaluate a novel proof-of-principle technique of simultaneous bone regeneration and implant placement in severely damaged sockets. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study consisted of patients who required a single implant and presented with severe facial bone loss. Individuals were randomly assigned to either the immediate or delayed implant placement protocol. Socket reconstruction and simultaneous implant placement were performed through periosteal-guided bone regeneration. Implants were encased in a customized shield of autogenous cortical bone harvested from an adjacent site. Re-en…

Evaluation of the correlation between facial index and the cortical bone thickness of the maxilla and mandible-A computer tomography based study.

OBJECTIVES: cortical bone thickness confines the position of teeth and thus can be a limiting factor for orthodontic tooth movement. The study is aimed to correlate the cortical bone thickness of the maxilla and mandible with that of different face types, viz; dolichofacial, brachyfacial, and mesofacial. METHODS: Forty CT scans were analysed for the face types and were grouped into dolichofacial (13), brachyfacial (13) and mesofacial (14) face types. The scans were measured for the right and left side buccal and lingual cortical bone thickness at the central incisor, first and second molar re…

The treatment efficacy of cortical bone trajectory (CBT) pedicle screws for lumbar degenerative disease in the Chinese Han population.

PURPOSE: To provide reference data on CBT pedicle screws from CT measurements of L1 to L5 in the Chinese Han population and to assess the treatment efficacy of CBT pedicle screws in cases of lumbar degenerative disease. METHODS: In total, 100 patients were identified from the CT database for CBT morphometric measurement of the lumbar spine. According to sex and age, patients were divided into four groups. The diameter, length, and angle of the vertebral pedicle and trajectory were measured. Then, a total of 36 patients with lumbar degenerative disease were included in this study for clinical

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… As the CBT screw trajectory was through cortical bone (higher-density bone), more reliable fixation was provided. … Should we use cortical bone screws for cortical bone trajectory? J Neurosurg Spine. (2015) 22(4):416–21. 10.3171/2014.9.SPINE1484 15. Snyder LA, Martinez-Del-Campo E, Neal MT, Zaidi HA, Awad AW, Bina R, et al. …

Effect of ageing on microstructure and fracture behavior of cortical bone as determined by experiment and Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM).

Bone fracture is a severe health concern; therefore, understanding the causes of bone fracture are crucial. This paper investigates the microstructure and fracture behaviour of cadaveric cortical bone of two different groups (Young, n= 6; Aged, n=7). The microstructure is obtained from µ-CT images, and the material parameters are measured with nanoindentation. Fracture behaviour in transverse and longitudinal orientations is investigated experimentally and numerically. The results show that the Haversian canal (HC) size increases and the osteon wall thickness (OWT) decreases significantly in t…

The combined effects of age and HIV on the anatomic distribution of cortical and cancellous bone in the femoral neck among men and women.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate HIV-related and age-related differences in hip bone structure in men and women. DESIGN: Cross sectional study of bone structure and HIV serostatus. METHODS: We used Quantitative Computed Tomography (QCT) data from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) and Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) to examine cortical thickness (CT) and cortical (CBMD), trabecular (TBMD), and integral (IBMD) bone mineral density across anatomic quadrants of the femoral neck in older adult MSM and women with (PWH) and without (PWOH) HIV infection. The percentage difference (%diff) in the

Enhancement of bone perfusion through cortical perforations to improve healing of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: a retrospective study.

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is generally difficult to treat. So far, no optimal strategy for MRONJ has been established. The aim of this study was to determine whether a new surgical technique, i.e. curettage with cortical perforations of healthy adjacent bone that enhances bone perfusion would be more effective than standard curettage in treating patients with MRONJ. Twenty-eight MRONJ patients who underwent curettage treatment with or without cortical perforation technique at our institution between June 2014 and May 2016 were included in this retrospective study. Ten

The Effect of Ethanol Consumption on Composition and Morphology of Femur Cortical Bone in Wild-Type and ALDH2*2-Homozygous Mice.

ALDH2 inactivating mutation (ALDH2*2) is the most abundant mutation leading to bone morphological aberration. Osteoporosis has long been associated with changes in bone biomaterial in elderly populations. Such changes can be exacerbated with elevated ethanol consumption and in subjects with impaired ethanol metabolism, such as carriers of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2)-deficient gene, ALDH2*2. So far, little is known about bone compositional changes besides a decrease in mineralization. Raman spectroscopic imaging has been utilized to study the changes in overall composition of C57BL/6 femal

3-D mapping of cortical bone thickness in subjects with different face form and arch form: A CBCT analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between face form (FF), arch form (AF), and cortical bone thickness in anterior and posterior region of the mandibular jaws, using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Total 90 subjects were selected. For each subject FF (euryprosopic, mesoprosopic, and leptoprosopic) was determined using Prosopic Index. CBCT scans were done for each subject to determine mandibular AF (as tapered, oval, or square in horizontal sections) and cortical bone thickness (at two vertical levels 4 and 7 mm from the alveolar crest in the anterior and post…