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A review of the mechanisms of action of dimethylfumarate in the treatment of psoriasis.

Fumaric acid esters (FAEs) such as dimethylfumarate (DMF) are used for the treatment of adults with moderate-to-severe psoriasis. The mode of action of FAEs is complex. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the literature to describe the molecular mechanisms by which DMF and its active metabolite monomethylfumarate (MMF) exert their anti-inflammatory and immune modulatory effects. MMF can bind to the hydroxy-carboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCA2) on the cell surface and both DMF and MMF react with intracellular glutathione following cell penetration. DMF and to some extent also MMF modulate th

Rituximab for people with multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common neurological cause of disability in young adults. Off-label rituximab for MS is used … apsing MS None of the included studies compared rituximab to placebo. One RCT compared rituximab to dimethyl fumarate, with 24 months' follow-up. Rituximab may reduce the recurrence of relapse (odds ratio (OR) 0.16, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.04 to 0.57; 195 participants; low-certainty evidence). The evidence is very uncertain on disability worsening and SAEs. …

Intranasal Administration of Isoeugenol Improves Memory Deficits in APP/PS1 Old Mice-A Role Beyond Nrf2 Activation?

Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia, has no cure or effective treatment; thus, iden … armacological setting has only recently attracted attention, exemplified by the clinical success of Dimethyl Fumarate. Hence, we investigated, for the first time, the potential of the skin allergen Isoeugenol to activate Nrf2 and reverse selected AD hallmarks, both in vitro and in vivo, in AD-specific models. In vitro studies were performed using microglia cells ex …

A case of an ALS patient with an SQSTM1 mutation - implications for the p62/NF-κB/Nrf2/autophagy pathways in the selection of individualised therapeutic strategies: a preliminary report.

INTRODUCTION: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) represents a heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders sharing a common ALS pheno … Pro392Leu) variant inherited from her father, classified as likely pathogenic. The patient received dimethyl fumarate (Nrf2 activator), celecoxib (NF-κB inhibitor), and rapamycin (mTOR pathway modulator) as part of an individualized treatment strategy. DISCUSSION: Mutations in SQSTM1 contribute to ALS pathogenesis through dysregulation of autophagy, impaired prote …

Обзор воздействия терапии платформы (DMT) на сопутствующие клинические симптомы множественного склероза.

Лица с множественным склерозом (PwMS) испытывают различные симптомы, часто влияющие на клинические решения. Симптомы, включая когнитивные недостатки, боль, усталость и депрессию, оказывают глубокое воздействие на качество жизни (QoL). Лекарства для борьбы с заболеваниями (ДМТ) ориентированы главным образом на сокращение случаев рецидивов и замедление прогресса; однако их способность смягчать симптомы менее известна. В настоящем обзоре сведены воедино нынешние данные о роли платформы DMT (Glatiramer Acetate (GA), Interferon (IFN), Dimetil Fumarate (DMF), Terifluномид (TER)) в отношении сопутств

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) experience varied symptoms, often influencing clinical decisions. Symptoms including cognitive defici … dates the current evidence of the role of platform DMTs (Glatiramer Acetate (GA), Interferon (IFN), Dimethyl Fumarate (DMF), Teriflunomide (TER)) on the associated symptoms of MS and their efficacy in prevention of relapse, and disease progression. A literature search was conducted using the PubMed database for studies assessing the impact of GA and other platform …

De-escalation of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies to low-moderate efficacy disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) in patients with relapse-remitting multiple sclerosis: An initial Iranian experience.

BACKGROUND: Anti-CD20 are among the high-efficacy DMTs commonly used in treating multiple sclerosis (MS). Long-term safety data on anti-CD20 … mean of 2.95±0.44 years of treatment with anti-CD20s, patients were de-escalated to INF-β1a (n=5), dimethyl fumarate (DMF) (n=3), fingolimod (n=1), and teriflunomide (n=1). The main reason for anti-CD20 discontinuation was an infectious concern. Within 18 months of follow-up, no patient developed clinical or MRI activity. Additionally, we did not find evidence of …

Initial clinical and radiological features of patients with multiple sclerosis in Oman.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a lifelong demyelinating disorder with a varying disease course, resulting in different … (DMT) were interferons (104/155; 67%), followed by fingolimod (16; 10.3%), natalizumab (14; 9%) and dimethyl fumarate (4; 2.6%). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicate that the demographic and clinicoradiological features of MS patients in Oman are similar to those reported elsewhere in the Arabian Gulf region.

Neuroprotection by immunomodulatory agents in animal models of Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease for which the characteristic motor symptoms emerge after an extensive l … as infiltration of T cells into the substantia nigra. Pretreatment with fingolimod, tanshinoine I, dimethyl fumarate, thalidomide, or cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide as a preventive strategy ameliorated motor deficits and nigral dopaminergic neurotoxicity in brain-lesioned animals. Immunomodulatory agents could be used to treat patients with …

GC-MS metabolomics reveals disturbed metabolic pathways in primary mouse hepatocytes exposed to subtoxic levels of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA).

3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) is a well-known hepatotoxic drug. Although its toxicity has been thoroughly studied at high concentrations, there is still insufficient knowledge on possible alterations of cell function at subtoxic concentrations, which are in fact more representative concentrations of intoxication scenarios. In this study, a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) metabolomics approach was used to investigate the metabolic changes in primary mouse hepatocytes (PMH) exposed to two subtoxic concentrations of MDMA (LC01 and LC10) for 24 h. Metabolomic profi

Remitting long-standing major depression in a multiple sclerosis patient with several concurrent conditions.

In this report, we discuss the case of an multiple sclerosis (MS) patient, age 62, who learned to attain and sustain euthymia despite his ai … nd psychological methods to attain euthymia. With this inculcation, years later, he discovered that dimethyl fumarate (DMF) suppressed inflammation, cramping, urticaria, and asthma; and the combination of bupropion, S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), vitamin-D3 (vit-D3), yoga, and self-hypnosis relieved MD. Then, after a 14-month respite, the patient, discovered that he …

Meeting Report of the Pathogenesis of Pemphigus and Pemphigoid Meeting in Munich, September 2016.

Autoimmune blistering diseases are a heterogeneous group of about a dozen complex disorders that are characterized by intraepidermal (pemphi … such as molecules that target autoreactive T and B cells and anti-inflammatory mediators, that is, dimethyl fumarate, phosphodiesterase 4, and leukotriene B4 inhibitors in pemphigoid disorders, and chimeric antigen receptor T cells in pemphigus. Very recent experimental data about the immunopathology and the determinants of autoantibody formation and keratinocyte …

Burden of treatment and quality of life in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis patients under early high efficacy therapy in Argentina: Data from the Argentinean registry.

UNLABELLED: The objective of this study was to describe and compare the burden of treatment (BOT) and the quality of life (QoL) in early hig … umab, cladribine) or with escalation treatment (beta interferon, glatiramer acetate, teriflunomide, dimethyl fumarate or fingolimod). Clinical and demographic aspect were collected. QoL and BOT was measured with the validated to Spanish MusiQol and BOT questionnaire. Propensity score (PS)-based nearest-neighbor matching was applied to homogenize groups. Comparisons …

Effects of disease-modifying therapies on remyelination in multiple sclerosis; evaluation via visual evoked potential test.

BACKGROUND: Assessment of the visual pathway, which is frequently affected by MS, provides the opportunity to measure the remyelination of a … de below 5.0 μV were considered abnormal. Classified according to DMTs (injectables, teriflunomide, dimethyl fumarate, fingolimod, cladribine, and alemtuzumab). Visual evoked potential tests, clinical features, and cerebrospinal fluid examinations were evaluated by three independent neurologists (one of whom was also a clinical neurophysiologist). RESULTS: The mea …

A prospective study of disease modifying therapy and retinal atrophy in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: To compare the rate of retinal atrophy over time in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) treated with various disease-modifying therapies (DMT). METHODS: Patients with RRMS on various DMT and those observed without treatment were prospectively enrolled into the study between September 2015 and June 2018. All subjects with follow-up of 1-4 years were included and categorized into groups as "no drug", "low efficacy drug", "high efficacy drug", or "dimethyl fumarate" (DMF), based on treatment modality used for the longest duration of their follow-up. Ocular coh…

Disease modifying therapy and pregnancy outcomes in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES: To report pregnancy outcomes among multiple sclerosis (MS) patients treated with disease-modifying therapies (DMTs). METHODS: W … was estimated using a random effects model. RESULTS: A meta-analysis of 44 studies was conducted. Dimethyl fumarate had the highest prevalence of premature births at 0.6667% (SD:0.5236-0.7845). The highest rates of stillbirths and infant deaths (perinatal and neonatal) were observed with interferons at 0.004% (SD:0.001-0.010) and 0.009% (SD:0.005-0.0015), respect …

Stick or twist? Cost-effectiveness of siponimod compared with continuing existing disease-modifying therapies in the treatment of active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis in the UK.

OBJECTIVE: Identification of the phenotypic transition from relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) to secondary progressive multiple … r QALY, for siponimod versus natalizumab (dominant), ocrelizumab (£4,760), fingolimod (£10,033) and dimethyl fumarate (£15,837) indicated that siponimod was cost-effective at the commonly accepted willingness-to-pay threshold of £30,000/QALY. CONCLUSIONS: Recognition of active SPMS and treatment of this phenotype with siponimod offers a cost-effective and clinical …

The Quality of Life and Medication Adherence in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis-Cross-Sectional Study.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, degenerative autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. MS is characterized by a w … s, and glatiramer acetate in 34 patients. The oral treatment includes teriflunomide in 14 patients, dimethyl fumarate in 86 patients, and fingolimod in nine patients. No statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed in adherent (ADH) vs. non-adherent patients (non-ADH) in MusiQOL. The total adherence rate was 72% (MS-TAQ). An analysis of the univar …

The efficacy and safety of oral disease-modifying therapies for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: A systematic review.

Background: Although widely used, first-line injectable medicines for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) remain an issue of efficacy a … b, and the third article compared oral fingolimod with IM IFN β-1a. No eligible study was found for dimethyl fumarate (DMF). The results indicated that while the efficacy of fingolimod was more than IFN β (IM β-1a and β-1b), teriflunomide 7 mg had less efficacy than subcutaneous IFN β-1a. Regarding safety, the results indicated that the proportion of diabetic patie …

Targeting matrix metalloproteinase-13 in bronchial epithelial repair.

BACKGROUND: Viral infection of the bronchial epithelium disrupts the barrier properties of the epithelium in healthy individuals and those w … released MMP-13 in response to poly I:C. Inhibitors of MMP-13 activity (WAY 170523) and expression (dimethyl fumarate) significantly enhanced the rate of repair. Bosentan enhanced the rate of bronchial epithelial repair by a mechanism that was independent of MMP-13. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Bronchial epithelial repair is limited by endothelin and by MMP …

Systematic literature review and network meta-analysis in highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and rapidly evolving severe multiple sclerosis.

ObjectiveMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, neurodegenerative autoimmune disorder affecting the central nervous system. Relapsing-remitti … an network meta-analysis (NMA) was performed to evaluate the relative efficacy of fingolimod versus dimethyl fumarate (DMF) in HA RRMS and versus natalizumab in RES RRMS.ResultsFor HA RRMS, the SLR identified 2 studies with relevant patient subgroup data: 1 comparing fingolimod with placebo and the other comparing DMF with placebo. 3 studies were found for RES RRMS …