Результаты поиска

The Multifaceted Nature of GLP-1: Molecular Mechanisms and Signaling Pathways in Metabolic and Neurodegenerative Diseases.

The aim of this article is to present the current state of knowledge regarding the use of GLP-1 agonists in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, obesity, and other potential clinical indications, including neurodegenerative conditions. The article describes the characteristics of the diseases discussed, with particular emphasis on the pathophysiological mechanisms and the impact of metabolic disorders on the course of the diseases. In addition, the specific role of GLP-1 receptor agonists and their mechanisms of action leading to improved clinical outcomes were discussed, including their impact o

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… This is due to two main incretin hormones: glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), secreted by cells in the duodenal mucosal, and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), released from L-type enteroendocrine cells located in the distal small intestine and colon [ 6 , 9 ]. … GLP-1 secretion is biphasic and occurs mainly from L-type enteroendocrine cells located in the distal small intestine (ileum) and colon. The early phase occurs 15–30 min after a meal. The late phase occurs after 90–120 min. …

Повторное регулирование веса после трансплантации печени с использованием глюкагонового пептида one агонисты желудочно-кишечного ингибитора полипептида.

Ожирение является сложным осложнением, с которым сталкиваются многие реципиенты, реципиенты трансплантации печени. Пересадка печени является единственной жизненно важной процедурой во многих конечных болезнях печени, однако лежащая в ее основе патология, помимо некоторых иммунодепрессивных режимов, может ухудшить метаболическое состояние многих пациентов. Для получения благоприятного прогноза и улучшения качества жизни необходим комплексный план управления, направленный на предотвращение дальнейших осложнений, связанных с метаболической дисфункцией, ситуативной болезнью печени, хронической дис

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Secreted from enteroendocrine cells following nutrient intake, these hormones play fundamental roles in postprandial glucose homeostasis[ 63 ]. GLP-1: A multifaceted regulator GLP-1 is secreted by intestinal L-cells, located primarily in the ileum and colon but also present in the jejunum. …

Rack1-mediated ferroptosis affects hindgut development in rats with anorectal malformations: Spatial transcriptome insights.

Anorectal malformation (ARM), a common congenital anomaly of the digestive tract, is a result of insufficient elongation of the urorectal septum. The cytoplasmic protein Receptor of Activated C-Kinase 1 (Rack1) is involved in embryonic neural development; however, its role in embryonic digestive tract development and ARM formation is unexplored. Our study explored the hindgut development and cell death mechanisms in ARM-affected rats using spatial transcriptome analysis. We induced ARM in rats by administering ethylenethiourea via gavage on gestational day (GD) 10. On GDs 14-16, embryos from b

Protective Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Cancer-Related Complications.

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are considered immunonutrients and are commonly used in the nutritional therapy of cancer patients due to their ample biological effects. Omega-3 PUFAs play essential roles in cell signaling and in the cell structure and fluidity of membranes. They participate in the resolution of inflammation and have anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects. Additionally, they can act as agonists of G protein-coupled receptors, namely, GPR40/FFA1 and GPR120/FFA4. Cancer patients undergo complications, such as anorexia-cachexia syndrome, pain, depression, and p

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Gpr40 is expressed in enteroendocrine cells and mediates free fatty acid stimulation of incretin secretion Diabetes 2008 57 2280 2287 10.2337/db08-0307 18519800 PMC2518478 52. Itoh Y. Kawamata Y. Harada M. Kobayashi M. Fujii R. Fukusumi S. …

Ось Гут-Брэйна в нейродегенерации: механистические связи между дисбиозом и нейроатологией.

& ЦЕЛЬ: Ось кишечника по сути представляет собой two- система связи, которая физически соединяет мозг с кишечным трактом. Связь поддерживается через ряд путей, включая нейронные, эндокринные и иммунные пути. Гут дисбиоз, который объясняется как дисбаланс в микробном сообществе, связан с причинно-следственной связью различных нейродегенеративных расстройств, таких, как болезнь Альцгеймера, болезнь Паркинсона и множественный склероз. Однако патологические механизмы в мозге известны лишь частично. В настоящем обзоре описывается процесс кишечного дисбиоза и нейродегенерации с подробным описанием ф

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Local circuits integrate signals from enteroendocrine cells sensing luminal contents and from interstitial cells of Cajal, which generate electrical activity in gut smooth muscle. …

Регулирование на основе Virobiome микробиота-гут-мозговой оси сигнализирует и нейроиммунный гомеостаз.

Ось человеческого кишечника все чаще признается как сложная двунаправленная коммуникационная система, объединяющая микробные, нейронные, эндокринные и иммунные сети, формирующие неврологическое здоровье. Хотя бактериальный вклад в этот диалог получил широкую окраску, вирусный компонент кишечной экосистемы, виром, стал важным компонентом, связанным с физиологическим регулированием принимающей стороны. В этом обзоре обобщены данные, свидетельствующие о том, что бактериофаги и эукариотические вирусы могут способствовать микробному и иммунальному гомеостазу и оказывать влияние на сигнализацию вдол

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Immune cells in the gut interact with microbial components and release cytokines that can signal to the brain, while enteroendocrine cells produce hormones like serotonin and ghrelin that also impact CNS function [ 6 ]. … It contains afferent (sensory) fibers that continuously monitor the gut environment, responding to changes in the presence of microbial metabolites, immune mediators, and hormonal signals released by enteroendocrine cells [ 129 ]. …

Конвергенция глобальных эпидемий: диабет как модулятор нейродегенеративных и нейро-воспалительных расстройств.

Диабет меллитус (ДМ) и неврологические расстройства быстро совпадают с глобальным бременем на здоровье, обусловленным старением населения, растущей распространенностью метаболического синдрома, а также ограниченностью возможностей раннего обнаружения и коррекции заболеваний для многих неврологических синдромов. Помимо своей устоявшейся роли в периферической нейропатии, связанной с диабетом, DM все чаще используется в качестве изменяющего фактора риска, фенотипа и прогнозирования широкого спектра заболеваний центральной и периферической нервной системы. В ходе этого обзора мы обобщаем текущие э

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) are a relatively new class of antidiabetic drug that mimic the action of GLP-1, an endogenous peptide secreted by enteroendocrine cells after food intake, to regulate insulin secretion, blood glucose levels …

Postbiotics as Emerging Strategy Targeting Obesity- and Aging-Related Breast Cancer-Prospects in Prophylaxis and Therapy.

Aging and obesity accompanied with hormonal disequilibrium represent critical, inter-related risk factors for breast cancer, significantly influencing disease incidence, progression, and therapeutic outcomes. This review aims to elucidate the multifaceted biological mechanisms linking obesity and aging to breast carcinogenesis, with a particular focus on the emerging therapeutic and preventive potential of postbiotics as molecules targeting cellular events important for cancer growth and responsiveness. Despite continuous advancement, breast cancer therapy still poses several challenges, such

2018 ACVIM Forum Research Report Program. Seattle, Washington, June 14 - 16, 2018.

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… We show differentiation of ENT/COL from primarily stem cell cysts (day 3) to chiefly differentiated mosaics (intestinal stem cells, enterocytes, goblet cells, enteroendocrine cells, Paneth‐like cells and Tuft cells, day 6‐8, which are dependent on wnt‐3a supplementation). …

Модуляция микробиотики Гут по пребиотикам, пробиотикам и психобиотикам и ее воздействие на ось гута микробиота - мозг: систематический обзор.

Ось кишечника - это высокоинтегрированная двунаправленная коммуникационная сеть, функционирующая через нейронные, нейроэндокринные, иммунные и метаболические пути, которые поддерживают гомеостаз центральной нервной системы и стали перспективной дополнительной терапевтической целью для неврологических и нейропсихиатрических расстройств. ЦЕЛЬ: Цель настоящего исследования заключается в систематической оценке воздействия предбиотики, пробиотики и психобиотики на коммуникацию кишечника и неврологические и поведенческие результаты, включая нейроинфламматические маркеры, параметры осей ГПА и микробн

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… In parallel, the endocrine pathway involves activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis together with the secretion of hormones and neuroactive peptides by enteroendocrine cells, thereby establishing a key regulatory interface between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous …

The evolving roles of Wnt signaling in stem cell proliferation and differentiation, the development of human diseases, and therapeutic opportunities.

The evolutionarily conserved Wnt signaling pathway plays a central role in development and adult tissue homeostasis across species. Wnt proteins are secreted, lipid-modified signaling molecules that activate the canonical (β-catenin dependent) and non-canonical (β-catenin independent) Wnt signaling pathways. Cellular behaviors such as proliferation, differentiation, maturation, and proper body-axis specification are carried out by the canonical pathway, which is the best characterized of the known Wnt signaling paths. Wnt signaling has emerged as an important factor in stem cell biology and is

Role of TRP Channels in Cancer-Induced Bone Pain.

The burden of cancer is growing in almost every country. Bone metastases significantly affect the prognosis and lead to an increase in mortality and morbidity. The management of cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) still shows various unmet needs. Opioid use is burdened by a number of possible side effects. Moreover, recent progresses in cancer treatment significantly increased the life expectancy of cancer patients, even those with metastatic disease. In this narrative review, we reported the main findings regarding TRP channel function in cancer pain models. TRP cation channels play a key role in

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Identification of enteroendocrine cells that express TRPA1 channels in the mouse intestine. Cell Tissue Res. 2014;356:77–82. doi: 10.1007/s00441-013-1780-x. 191. Luostarinen S., Hämäläinen M., Hatano N., Muraki K., Moilanen E. …

Influence of the Mediterranean Diet on Healthy Aging.

The life expectancy of the global population has increased. Aging is a natural physiological process that poses major challenges in an increasingly long-lived and frail population. Several molecular mechanisms are involved in aging. Likewise, the gut microbiota, which is influenced by environmental factors such as diet, plays a crucial role in the modulation of these mechanisms. The Mediterranean diet, as well as the components present in it, offer some proof of this. Achieving healthy aging should be focused on the promotion of healthy lifestyle habits that reduce the development of pathologi

Mechanisms of Chemotherapy-Induced Neurotoxicity.

Since the first clinical trials conducted after World War II, chemotherapeutic drugs have been extensively used in the clinic as the main cancer treatment either alone or as an adjuvant therapy before and after surgery. Although the use of chemotherapeutic drugs improved the survival of cancer patients, these drugs are notorious for causing many severe side effects that significantly reduce the efficacy of anti-cancer treatment and patients' quality of life. Many widely used chemotherapy drugs including platinum-based agents, taxanes, vinca alkaloids, proteasome inhibitors, and thalidomide ana

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… However, it is also possible that cholecystokinin, glucagon-like peptide-1, and peptide YY, which are released from enteroendocrine cells and are associated with nausea and/or emesis, may also have a local effect on vagal afferents and/or the AP ( Andrews and Sanger, 2014 ). …

Biology of stem cell paradox: a double-edged sword-implications for cancer therapy.

This comprehensive review investigates the complex interactions between oncogenesis and stem cells, underscoring the crucial importance of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the mechanisms of tumorigenesis, metastatic dissemination, and resistance to therapeutic interventions. CSCs constitute a distinct subset within neoplasms, defined by unique characteristics such as the ability to self-renew, the potential to differentiate into various cellular phenotypes, and an inherent resistance to conventional treatment strategies. It is hypothesized that these properties are regulated by a multitude of signa

Прогресс в развитии лекарственных средств на основе пептида: платформы для доставки, терапевтические средства и вакцины.

Успешное утверждение лекарств на основе пептида можно отнести на счет совместных усилий по целому ряду дисциплин. Интеграция новых методов разработки и синтеза лекарственных средств, отображение библиотечных технологий, систем доставки, достижений в области биоинженерии и искусственного интеллекта в значительной степени ускорила разработку новейших лекарств на основе пептида, эффективно устраняя препятствия, связанные с их характером, такие, как быстрое обезвреживание и деградация, необходимость субколичественной инъекции, ведущей к усилению дискомфорта пациентов, и в конечном итоге продвигая

Неделя ГЭЭ 2017 Презентации на плакате

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

Circadian clock and cancer.

Circadian rhythms play a critical role in regulating physiological and behavioral processes, such as the sleep-wake cycle, hormone secretion, and metabolism. These rhythms are controlled by endogenous biological clocks, which are synchronized with environmental cues, primarily the light-dark cycle. Notably, disruption or reprogramming of circadian rhythms is closely associated with cancer initiation, progression, and treatment response. At the molecular level, the dysregulation of core clock genes can disturb normal cellular rhythms, leading to aberrant cell proliferation, impaired DNA repair,

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… These metabolites signal through enteroendocrine cells or enter the circulation to bind receptors on hepatocytes (e.g., FXR) or immune cells, ultimately modulating the expression and phase of core clock genes such as BMAL1 in distal tissues [127] , [128] . …

2020 ACVIM Forum On Demand Research Abstract Program.

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

Cellular zinc metabolism and zinc signaling: from biological functions to diseases and therapeutic targets.

Zinc metabolism at the cellular level is critical for many biological processes in the body. A key observation is the disruption of cellular homeostasis, often coinciding with disease progression. As an essential factor in maintaining cellular equilibrium, cellular zinc has been increasingly spotlighted in the context of disease development. Extensive research suggests zinc's involvement in promoting malignancy and invasion in cancer cells, despite its low tissue concentration. This has led to a growing body of literature investigating zinc's cellular metabolism, particularly the functions of

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… The luminal surface cells of the intestinal epithelium originate from intestinal stem cells (iSCs) and comprise various cell types, including enterocytes, goblet cells, enteroendocrine cells, tuft cells, and Paneth cells. …