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The Role of Vitamins and Micronutrients in the Prevention of Melanoma: A Review of Current Evidence.

Melanoma is a type of skin cancer with an increasing incidence rate worldwide and a high mortality rate. In addition to known risk factors, such as UV exposure and genetic predisposition, researchers are paying more attention to the role of diet, micronutrients, and vitamins in preventing melanoma. This review discusses the effects of selected vitamins (D, A, C, and E), trace elements, and bioactive compounds (polyphenols and omega-3 fatty acids) on biological processes related to melanoma development. The review considered both antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects, as well as effects on D…

Concurrent determination of fat-soluble vitamins and related compounds in plasma using HPLC with electrochemical detection.

Fat-soluble vitamins and related compounds play an important role in numerous physiological processes, including oxidative metabolism and the direct or indirect prevention of oxidative stress (OS). Monitoring these compounds in biological matrices is useful during in vivo studies investigating OS-related pathologies. We validated a HPLC-ECD method for the simultaneous determination of α- and γ-tocopherol, β-carotene, coenzyme Q10 and retinol in human plasma. Vitamins were separated using liquid-liquid extraction. A gradient, reversed-phase HPLC method with detector potentials set at 500, 800 a…

Vitamins A- and C-augmented platelet-rich fibrin in periodontal intraosseous defects: A randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Vitamins A and C (VitA+C) are pivotal biomolecules, with synergistic effects, especially in conjoint presence, on cellular pluripotency and regenerative capabilities. This randomized trial aimed to evaluate (VitA+C)-augmented injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) versus i-PRF alone with a modified minimally invasive surgical technique (M-MIST) in periodontal intraosseous defects in patients with stage III periodontitis. METHODS: This parallel group, two-arm, triple-blinded, randomized controlled trial included patients with stage III grade B periodontitis (n = 28) randomly alloc…

Serum vitamins and microelements levels and their association with children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

BACKGROUND: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in children. The impact o … ddition, 133 healthy children were recruited as the healthy control group (HC). The levels of serum vitamins and elements were determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Use statistical analysis to compare the differences in the content of two groups of indicators and analyze the …

Cyclodextrin Interactions with Water-Soluble Vitamins: Biological Relevance, Stability, Delivery, and Translational Implications-A Critical Review.

Water-soluble vitamins participate in essential metabolic, redox, and coenzyme-dependent processes, yet their effective delivery can be limited by chemical instability, degradation during processing or storage, restricted membrane transport, and formulation-dependent loss of biological availability. Cyclodextrins have been widely investigated as molecular hosts and functional components of delivery systems capable of modifying these properties. This critical narrative review evaluates cyclodextrin systems involving thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinic acid and nicotinamide, pantothenate, vitamin B6…

Modulating One-Carbon Metabolism with B-Vitamins to Protect the Retinal Barrier and Prevent Retinal Degeneration.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Vitamin B12 deficiency is increasingly recognized as a contributor in both vascular and neurodegenerative aging-relat … study examines how B-vitamin deficiency disrupts one-carbon metabolism and whether restoring these vitamins can serve as a preventive or therapeutic strategy. Since B-vitamins (B6, B9, and B12) are crucial cofactors in the metabolism of Hcy, we investigated how dietary changes in these vitamins affect serum Hcy levels and retinal vascular integrity in mic …

The potential of vitamins in Huntington's disease: bridging mechanistic evidence with translational limitations and future strategies.

Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by impairment of neuronal functions and neuronal loss. Huntington's disease is one of the neurodegenerative diseases caused by the formation of mutant Huntingtin protein aggregates in the brain. The other pathological reasons behind this disease are oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and excitotoxicity, which lead to impairment of motor, cognitive, and psychiatric functions. The vitamins are considered an essential part of a healthy diet, as they tend to increase the nutritional value of the diet. Insufficient intake of macro- and micronut…

Serum Liposoluble Vitamins (A, D, E) in Dogs with Chronic Biliary Tract Diseases Versus Healthy Dogs.

Humans with chronic biliary tract disease (CBTD) have low serum liposoluble vitamins (A, D, E). Few studies have been performed in veterinary medicine to evaluate whether vitamins vary in canine CBTD. This study aimed to compare liposoluble vitamin between CBTD and healthy dogs. A total of 84 client-owned dogs with CBTD and 50 healthy dogs were included. CBTD diagnosis was based on clinical, blood biochemistry and abdominal ultrasound. Dogs with CBTD were divided into subgroups according to their cholestasis ultrasound severity. To measure vitamin concentrations, leftover serum samples were us…

The Role of Vitamins in Neurodegeneration: A Brief Review of Mechanisms, Clinical Evidence, and Therapeutic Perspectives.

This review evaluates the role of vitamins in neurodegeneration. Low levels of B vitamins have been associated with cognitive decline. B vitamins may help inhibit amyloid plaque aggregation. Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to an increased risk of cognitive impairment, correlating with Alzheimer's pathology. Vitamin E may help delay Alzheimer's disease progression and support functional abilities. In Parkinson's disease, vitamin D shows promise in reducing dopaminergic neuron loss and improving motor and cognitive outcomes. Vitamin C reduces oxidative stress and preserves neuronal integrit…

Water-Soluble Vitamins (Riboflavin, Niacin, Pantothenic Acid) in Dogs with Chronic Liver Disease vs. Healthy Controls.

BACKGROUND: Water-soluble vitamin deficiencies are common in human chronic liver disease (CLD) due to impaired metabolic pathways. Vitamins B2 (riboflavin), B3 (niacin), and B5 (pantothenic acid) assume critical roles in hepatic and lipid metabolism and may exert hepatoprotective effects. In canine CLD, data beyond cobalamin are sparse, and no guidelines currently endorse B-vitamin supplementation. METHODS: This case-control study analysed 66 stored serum samples from client-owned dogs with CLD and 50 from healthy blood-donor dogs. CLD diagnosis required persistent (>2 months) elevation of at…

The biological relationship among depression, vitamins B9, B12, and D, and genetic variants: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide; studies have described it as a multifactorial disease that involves biological, psychological, and environmental factors. This systematic review explores the role of vitamins B9, B12, and D in depression, particularly emphasizing their biological effects, genetic variant interactions, and potential treatment implications. METHODS: A systematic literature review was conducted in Web of Science (WOS) and PubMed up to 15th June 2025. This review included 24 studies from randomized controlled trials (RCTs), observational …

Effects and mechanisms of vitamins A and D on behavior associated with Tourette syndrome in rats.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Tourette syndrome (TS) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder involving genetic, neurotransmission, immune, and gut-b … and frequency. In this study, we aim to explore the therapeutic effects and possible mechanisms of vitamins A and D in TS. METHODS: 3,3-Iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) was used to induce acute TS-like symptoms in rats via striatal dopamine dysregulation. Then vitamins A (3 mg/kg/d) and D (10ug/kg/d) were continuously administered by gavage for 8 weeks. Stere …

Роль витаминов сыворотки в сдерживании воздействия нейродегенеративных заболеваний на подкорректный объем мозга.

КОЛИЧЕСТВО: Нейродегенеративные заболевания (ND) приводят к постепенной потере нейронных клеток и к атрофии субкортических структур головного мозга, но причинно-следственные промежуточные данные не известны. Для проверки причинно-следственного воздействия на подкорректную атрофию основных ND (болезнь Альцгеймера (АБ), болезнь Паркинсона, множественный склероз и амиотропический боковой склероз) и того, играет ли уровень витамина сыворотки посредническую роль в этом процессе.МЕТОДЫ: С использованием обобщенных данных широкомасштабного исследования, проведенного в рамках ассоциации по геному (GWA

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… It is worth mentioning that GWAS summary data for other common vitamins (such as vitamin A, B6, B9, and B12) are not acquired due to their public unavailability. … After excluding non-European ancestry and publicly unavailable data, we integrated the following four types of serum vitamin-related GWAS summary-level data: Vitamin C [ 30 ], 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) [ 31 ], and Vitamin E (α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol) [ 32 ]. …

First trimester prenatal metal mixtures, vitamins, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in the project viva cohort.

BACKGROUND: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) such as preeclampsia and gestational hypertension are major contributors to maternal and child morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have reported associations with selected metals and vitamins but are limited in sample size and non-prospective study designs. We evaluated prospective associations of metal mixtures with HDP and tested interactions by vitamins. STUDY DESIGN: We measured first trimester (median = 10.1 weeks) concentrations of essential (copper, magnesium, manganese, selenium, zinc) and nonessential (arsenic, barium, cadmi…

Serum concentrations of different or multiple vitamins and Sarcopenia risk among US adults: insights from NHANES.

BACKGROUND: The relationship between serum concentrations of different or multiple vitamins and sarcopenia remains underexplored. This investigation evaluates potential links between serum concentrations of different or multiple vitamins and sarcopenia prevalence among adults in the United States. METHODS: Utilizing a cross-sectional design, this research draws from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dataset of 2003-2006, encompassing 5,060 participants with comprehensive serum vitamin A, E, B9, B12, C, and D concentrations, alongside sarcopenia and covariate measur…

Alarming levels of inadequate intake of B group vitamins in tribal lactating women from South India.

BACKGROUND: Micronutrients are necessary for proper growth and development of the human body, though required in small amounts. Dietary intake of these micronutrients by lactating women is essential for their own health as well as children's overall growth and development. objective of present study is to assess the adequacy of dietary B-group vitamins intake during lactation and to find out the factors associated with their inadequate intake. DESIGN AND METHODS: It was a analysis of data from prospective cohort study for 10 months carried out among 340 Scheduled Tribes mothers in 10 clusters…

The vicious circle between homocysteine, methyl group-donating vitamins and chronic levodopa intake in Parkinson's disease.

A biomarker for declined methylation capacity is elevation of homocysteine levels. They increase the risk for onset of vascular disease and contribute to progression of chronic neurodegeneration and aging. This narrative review discusses associations between homocysteine, consumption of methyl group-donating vitamins and impact on disease-generating mechanisms in levodopa-treated patients with Parkinson's disease. We conclude to recommend levodopa-treated patients to substitute themselves with methyl group-donating vitamins. This is harmless in terms of application of folic acid, methylcobalam…

Antioxidant vitamins supplementation reduce endometriosis related pelvic pain in humans: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to clarify the effect of antioxidant vitamins supplementation on endometriosis-related pain. METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNK) databases was conducted to identify relevant studies published in English and Chinese up to 16 March 2023. The search terms used were "endometriosis" OR "endometrioma" OR "endometrium" AND "antioxidant" OR "Vitamin C" OR "Vitamin E" OR "Vitamin D" OR "25-OHD" OR "25(OH)D" OR "25-hydroxyvitamin D". Eligible studies were randomized controlled tri…

Modulation of allergic contact dermatitis via gut microbiota modified by diet, vitamins, probiotics, prebiotics, and antibiotics.

Allergic contact dermatitis is one of the most common recorded occupational diseases. There are many different substances that the skin comes into contact with on a daily basis and that can cause ACD, e.g., preservatives, surfactants, and antimicrobial agents. The development of a mouse model of ACD has provided insight into the immune mechanisms involved. Drugs used in the treatment of skin diseases have many side effects. Therefore, alternative methods of suppressing the immune response to reduce the symptoms of skin diseases are being sought. In recent years, high hopes have been placed on