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Health-system challenges, resilience strategies, and actionable priorities for non-communicable disease care in humanitarian crises: A scoping review.

Humanitarian crises disrupt the continuous care required for non-communicable diseases (NCDs), yet evidence on effective health-system responses remains fragmented. We conducted a scoping review, reported in accordance with PRISMA-ScR, to map health-system challenges, implemented and recommended strategies, resilience functions, and evidence gaps for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, and chronic respiratory diseases in humanitarian settings. PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, relevant organizational websites, and reference lists were searched. English-language empirical studies,

Using digital technology to ensure food supply stability: a case study of achieving food security in China.

BACKGROUND: Under the combined pressures of frequent extreme climate events and the spread of unilateral trade policies, global agricultural industry and supply chains are facing an unprecedented crisis. Digital technology (DT) is a key driver of the new technological revolution and is profoundly reshaping food production, distribution, and consumption. However, its comprehensive impact on food security and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS: This study systematically elaborates the theoretical logic through which digital technology enhances food security. Using panel data from

Outcomes of long-term responders to immunotherapy in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A retrospective regional study.

BACKGROUND: For advanced lung cancer patients, an increasing number of long responders to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICI) is observed. Thus, the optimal treatment duration remains unclear whereas indefinite treatment is associated to immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and financial burden. OBJECTIVE: To describe medical evaluations and therapeutic decisions at the two-year mark for advanced NSCLC patients on ICI. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included advanced NSCLC patients from two French academic hospitals who received ICI (first-line or subsequent, ± chemotherapy) for at

TLC-NOSF dressings versus standard of care for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers in Vietnam: an economic evaluation.

OBJECTIVE: This economic evaluation compares two treatment strategies for patients with a diabetic foot ulcer (DFU): a lipido-colloid technology with nano-oligosaccharide factor (TLC-NOSF) dressing versus standard of care (SoC) over a one-year time horizon from the Vietnamese healthcare payer perspective. METHOD: A Markov microsimulation model was developed to simulate weekly progression of DFUs over one year, comparing two treatment strategies. Using a willingness-to-pay threshold of VND 305.7 million (equivalent to [Formula: see text]12,202 USD at the time of writing), the model included ba

Brain injury, mental health and substance use in homeless populations: community-generated recommendations for healthcare service delivery and research.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of acquired brain injury (ABI) and mental health/substance use (MHSU) disorders is high amongst people experiencing homelessness, yet guidance for addressing these complex comorbidities is lacking. Therefore, the objective of this study was to engage community-based stakeholders in a health priority-setting process to generate, identify and prioritize recommendations for clinical practice and research to improve healthcare services for individuals with concurrent ABI-MHSU who are experiencing homelessness. METHODS: Data were collected during a one-day workshop as pa

Comparable efficacy of generic and original alginate for symptom control in PPI-refractory GERD.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a prevalent global condition, affecting 18.1-27.8% of North Americans and 6.3-18.3% of the Thai population. While proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the first-line treatment, only about one-third of patients achieve adequate symptom control. Alginate-based medications in combination with PPIs have shown promise, but the comparative effectiveness of generic versus original alginates remains unexplored. To compare the effectiveness of generic alginate (ONE GERD) versus original alginate (Gaviscon Dual Action Suspension) in combination with PPIs for treati

Budget impact of introducing an omalizumab biosimilar in 23 European countries.

BACKGROUND: Omalizumab, a monoclonal antibody indicated for severe persistent allergic asthma, chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), imposes a financial burden on European healthcare systems due to its high cost, with expenditures exceeding €787 million across 23 countries in 2024. Introducing an omalizumab biosimilar offers a promising avenue to reduce expenditure while maintaining clinical outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the budgetary impact of introducing an omalizumab biosimilar for severe persistent allergic asthma, CSU, and CRSwNP a

Developing a male-specific counselling curriculum for HIV treatment in Malawi.

BACKGROUND: Men living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa have sub-optimal engagement in antiretroviral therapy (ART) programs. Generic ART counselling in Malawi does not meet men's needs. METHODS: We developed a male-specific ART counselling curriculum, adapted from the Malawi Ministry of Health curriculum, based on literature review of men's needs and motivations for treatment. We piloted the curriculum with men in six communities, with focus group discussions to assess knowledge of ART, motivators and barriers to care, and perceptions of the male-specific curriculum (n=85). We analysed data in

Interventions to improve system-level coproduction in the Cystic Fibrosis Learning Network.

BACKGROUND: Coproduction is defined as patients and clinicians collaborating equally and reciprocally in healthcare and is a crucial concept for quality improvement (QI) of health services. Learning Health Networks (LHNs) provide insights to integrate coproduction with QI efforts from programmes from various health systems. OBJECTIVE: We describe interventions to develop and maintain patient and family partner (PFP) coproduction, measured by PFP-reported and programme-reported scales. We aim to increase percentage of programmes with PFPs reporting active QI work within their programme, while

Mindfulness-Based Group Medical Visits: Strategies to Improve Equitable Access and Inclusion for Diverse Patients in Cancer Treatment.

BackgroundMindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are supported by clinical practice guidelines as effective non-pharmacologic interventions for common symptoms experienced by cancer patients, including anxiety, depression, and fatigue. However, the evidence predominately derives from White breast cancer survivors. Racial and ethnic minority patients have less access to integrative oncology care and worse cancer outcomes. To address these gaps, we designed and piloted a series of mindfulness-based group medical visits (MB-GMVs), embedded into comprehensive cancer care, for racially and ethnical

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… Funding: The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: this work was supported in part by the National Cancer Institute [administrative supplement to award number P30CA082103], the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive …

Prevalence of long COVID symptoms in Haryana, India: a cross-sectional follow-up study.

BACKGROUND: Emerging research indicates growing concern over long COVID globally, although there have been limited studies that estimate population burden. We aimed to estimate the burden of long COVID in three districts of Haryana, India, using an opportunity to link a seroprevalence study to follow-up survey of symptoms associated with long COVID. METHODS: We used a population-based seroprevalence survey for COVID-19 conducted in September 2021 across Haryana, India. Adults from three purposively selected districts (Rohtak, Gurugram, and Jhajjar) were eligible to participate; 2205 of 3213 c

Polymeric immunoglobulin receptor promotes Th2 immune response in the liver by increasing cholangiocytes derived IL-33: a diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker of biliary atresia.

BACKGROUND: Biliary atresia (BA) is a devastating neonatal cholangiopathy with an unclear pathogenesis, and prompt diagnosis of BA is currently challenging. METHODS: Proteomic and immunoassay analyses were performed with serum samples from 250 patients to find potential BA biomarkers. The expression features of polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (PIGR) were investigated using human biopsy samples, three different experimental mouse models, and cultured human biliary epithelial cells (BECs). Chemically modified small interfering RNA and adenovirus expression vector were applied for in vivo sile

Industry affiliation influence on randomized controlled trials for platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Explicit funding and industry affiliation are believed to potentially impact medical research. There have been an increasing num … iliation and treatment efficacy. When determining whether a study was industry-affiliated, explicit financial supporters of the study, stated conflicts of interest, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons disclosures, and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services open payments database were assessed. Study outcomes were categorized as favorable, analogous, or …

Impact of Hearing Loss and Restricted Access to Care on the Karen People Living in a Conflict Setting Near the Thai-Burma Border.

PURPOSE: The rate of moderate-to-severe hearing loss in Southeast Asia is 5.8%, among the world's most prevalent. However, it is difficult to measure for people whose healthcare access is limited by the ongoing civil war. Therefore, a cross-sectional study of the impacts of hearing loss was incorporated with ongoing vision/cataract clinics along the Thai-Burma border. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional observational study, culturally sensitive informed consent was obtained from patients presenting to a regionally promoted hearing clinic in Karen State, Burma (Myanmar) with a chief

Progression of Geographic Atrophy: Retrospective Analysis of Patients from the IRIS® Registry (Intelligent Research in Sight).

PURPOSE: To evaluate disease progression and associated vision changes in patients with geographic atrophy (GA) secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in 1 eye and GA or neovascular AMD (nAMD) in the fellow eye using a large dataset from routine clinical practice. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of clinical data over 24 months. SUBJECTS: A total of 256 635 patients with GA from the American Academy of Ophthalmology (Academy) IRIS® Registry (Intelligent Research in Sight) Registry (January 2016 to December 2017). METHODS: Patients with ≥ 24 months of follow-up were grouped by fel

Risk factors for migraine disease progression: a narrative review for a patient-centered approach.

BACKGROUND: In individuals with migraine, attacks may increase in frequency, severity, or both. Preventing migraine progression has emerged as a treatment goal in headache subspecialty practice, but there may be less awareness in general neurology or primary care settings where most people with migraine who seek treatment consult. Herein, we review the definition of and risk factors for migraine progression and consider strategies that could reduce its risk. METHODS: A group of headache expert healthcare professionals, clinicians, and researchers reviewed published evidence documenting factor

Nurse prescribing practices across the globe for medication-assisted treatment of the opioid use disorder (MOUD): a scoping review.

BACKGROUND: Despite the dramatic increase in opioid-related deaths in recent years, global access to treatment remains poor. A major barrier to people accessing Medication-assisted treatment of the opioid use disorder (MOUD) is the lack of providers who can prescribe and monitor MOUD. According to the World Drug Report, more young people are using drugs compared with previous generations and people in need of treatment cannot get it, women most of all. Nurse prescribers have the potential to enhance both access and treatment outcomes. Nurse prescribing practices do, however, vary greatly inter

Investigating social deprivation and comorbid mental health diagnosis as predictors of treatment access among patients with an opioid use disorder using substance use services: a prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Opioid use is a major public health concern across the globe. Opioid use and subsequent access to care is often shaped by co-occurring issues faced by people using opioids, such as deprivation, mental ill-health, and other forms of substance use. We investigated the role of social deprivation and comorbid mental health diagnoses in predicting re-engagement with substance use services or contact with crisis and inpatient services for individuals with opioid use disorder in secondary mental health care in inner-city London. METHODS: We conducted a prospective cohort study which foll

Urban green space and mental health among people living alone: The mediating roles of relational and collective restoration in an 18-country sample.

Rates of living alone, especially in more urbanised areas, are increasing across many industrialised countries, with associated increases in feelings of loneliness and poorer mental health. Recent studies have suggested that access to nature (e.g. parks and green spaces) can reduce the stressors associated with loneliness, partly through providing opportunities to nurture personal relationships (relational restoration) and engage in normative community activities (collective restoration). Such associations might vary across different household compositions and socio-demographic or geographical

The effect of COVID-19 on women's experiences of pregnancy, birth and postpartum in Indonesia: a rapid online survey.

BACKGROUND: The interrelationship of psychological and social factors in the current COVID-19 pandemic has been highlighted in research mainly focused on the global north. The impact of lockdowns can exacerbate psychological distress and affect access to services. Less is known about the psychosocial impact on women in the context of lower-middle income countries (LMICs); the aim of this study was to capture the impact of COVID-19 on women's experiences of pregnancy, birth and postpartum in Indonesia. METHODS: We conducted a rapid cross-sectional online survey of women across all 34 provinces