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The Effect of a Low-Cost Body Weight-Supported Treadmill Trainer on Walking Speed and Joint Motion.

Background and Objectives: Gait training with body weight-support has been shown to improve the walking speed of individuals with movement disorders. The AccesSportAmerica Gait Trainer is a low-cost, pre-market gait rehabilitation device that alters the stride characteristics of participants walking on a standard treadmill. The purpose of this study was to examine the biomechanical outcomes that training on this device has for people with brain injuries that affect motor functioning. It was hypothesized that there would be an increase in walking speed post-intervention, and that there would be…

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis, fixation by single screw in situ: A kinematic and radiographic study.

BACKGROUND: Slipped capital femoral epiphysis is known to produce characteristic deformities in the proximal femur, which affect hip motion and may cause a limp. This paper assessed the 3D gait kinematics in adolescents after single screw fixation of moderate to severe, stable, unilateral slipped capital femoral epiphysis. Our goals were to characterize the 3D kinematic patterns and to investigate the correlation between the severity of radiological deformity and severity of gait disturbance. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of patients seen at our institution between 2000 and 2009. An…

The effect of a flexible pylon system on functional mobility of transtibial amputees. A prospective randomized study.

BACKGROUND: Prosthetic component selection strongly influences the functional mobility of transtibial amputees. Until now, little attention has been paid to the connection between the prosthetic socket and the foot component. AIM AND DESIGN: Aim of this study was to compare a novel flexible with a conventional rigid pylon system in a prospective randomized trial in transtibial amputees to determine effects on gait and mobility. SETTING: The study was performed in a rehabilitation centre for geriatric amputees. POPULATION: Twenty-eight geriatric unilateral transtibial amputees (8 female, 20 …

The unilateral 6-OHDA rat model of Parkinson's disease revisited: an electromyographic and behavioural analysis.

The characteristic locomotor disturbances of Parkinson's disease (PD) include shuffling gait, short steps and low walking velocity. In this study we investigated features of walking and turning in a rat model of PD caused by unilateral infusion of the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). We assessed gait and electromyographic (EMG) patterns of the ankle flexor tibialis anterior and the knee extensor vastus lateralis of the hindlimb, and triceps brachii of the forelimb, during overground locomotion, spontaneous rotation (turning) and apomorphine-induced rotation. When compared with control ra…

Effects of a simple functional electric system and/or a hinged ankle-foot orthosis on walking in persons with incomplete spinal cord injury.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the effect of functional electric stimulation (FES) with that of a hinged ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) for assisting foot clearance, gait speed, and endurance and to determine whether there is added benefit in using FES in conjunction with the hinged AFO in persons with incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI). DESIGN: Within-subject comparison of walking under 4 conditions: AFO, FES, AFO and FES, and no orthosis. A plastic hinged AFO was used for all AFO conditions. SETTING: Tertiary rehabilitation center. PARTICIPANTS: Nineteen subjects with incomplete SCI. INTERVENTIONS: …

Independent ambulators with high sacral myelomeningocele: the relation between walking kinematics and energy consumption.

The aims of this study were to determine the relation between gait kinematics (center of mass excursions) and measures of oxygen consumption and oxygen cost. Fourteen independent ambulating children with myelomeningocele (nine females, five males; mean age 8 years 7 months) and thirteen children with no history of neuromuscular disorder were evaluated. At their comfortable walking speed all patients exhibited oxygen cost and oxygen consumption values that exceeded the normal level by more than 1 SD. Pelvic obliquity demonstrated the strongest relation with oxygen cost which suggests that ultim…

Real-World Walking Patterns From Wrist-Worn Wearables Predict Incident Type 2 Diabetes: A UK Biobank WatchWalk Study.

AIMS: Digital gait biomarkers derived from wearable devices may capture early functional changes relevant to type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk. We investigated the associations between real-world gait characteristics and incident T2D and their contribution to risk discrimination beyond established risk factors. METHODS: We analysed data from 71 618 UK Biobank participants without diabetes at baseline who wore a wrist accelerometer for seven days. Multiple digital gait biomarkers capturing walking speed, quality and distribution patterns were derived. Incident T2D was ascertained from linked health r…

Brain-motor behavior coupling during walking while negotiating obstacle: A systematic review.

Obstacle negotiation is a complex walking task requiring sensory integration, motor planning, and executive control. Understanding its neural mechanisms may improve insight into mobility impairments. This systematic review investigated cortical activity and gait performance during obstacle negotiation across different populations using a brain-motor behavior framework. PubMed and Web of Science were searched up to April 2025 following PRISMA guidelines. Studies including adults performing obstacle negotiation with concurrent functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and gait assessments we…

Anxiety, pain, and fear of pain: predictors of postural stability after a concussion.

A concussion can lead to anxiety, pain, kinesiophobia, and/or postural control deficits. We conducted a cross-sectional study evaluating adolescents with a recent concussion. We hypothesized that those reporting higher levels of anxiety, pain-interference, and kinesiophobia would perform worse on postural control tests. Participants completed anxiety, pain-interference, and kinesiophobia ratings and postural control tests (single/dual-task tandem gait and a modified balance error scoring system). Using a multivariable linear regression model, we evaluated the relationship among anxiety, pain-i…

CSF tap test in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: still a necessary prognostic test?

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether gait, neuropsychological, and multimodal MRI parameters predict short-term symptom reversal after cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tap test in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH). METHODS: Thirty patients (79.3 ± 5.9 years, 12 women) with a diagnosis of probable iNPH and 46 healthy controls (74.7 ± 5.4 years, 35 women) underwent comprehensive neuropsychological, quantitative gait, and multimodal MRI assessments of brain morphology, periventricular white-matter microstructure, cortical and subcortical blood perfusion, default mode network function, and white-m…

Сочетание возраста и продолжительности болезни с коморбидами и инвалидностью: исследование Швейцарского регистра множественного склероза.

В то время как соперничество увеличивается с возрастом, продолжительность множественного склероза (MS) приводит к накоплению инвалидности у лиц, имеющих MS. Влияние старения на продолжительность НР остается в значительной степени неизученным. Мы изучили независимые ассоциации по вопросам старения и продолжительности срока действия MS с инвалидностью и сходством в швейцарских регистрах MS. МЕТОДЫ: Самопредставленные данные были проанализированы на перекрестной основе с использованием моделей логистической регрессии, скорректированных на смешение 6 результаты: рак, тип 2 диабет (T2D), гипертония

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: While comorbidities increase with age, duration of multiple sclerosis (MS) leads to disability accumulation in persons with MS. … diabetes (T2D), hypertension, cardiac diseases, depression, and having at least moderate or severe gait disability. Using cubic splines, we explored non-linear changes in risk shapes. RESULTS: Among 1615 participants age was associated with cardiac diseases (OR 1.05, 95% CI [1.02, 2.08]), hypertension (OR 1.08, 95% CI [1.06, 2.10]), T2D (OR 1.10, 95%C …

Changes of static and dynamic spine alignment in patients with severe haemophilia.

INTRODUCTION: Haemophilic arthropathy results in a restricted range of motion and pain that often affects gait. The effect of these gait changes on spinal posture has not been studied. AIM: To evaluate whether the altered joint situation in patients with haemophilia (PwH) leads to compensatory mechanisms evident in the trunk and spine, considering static and dynamic conditions. METHODS: PwH and healthy controls (20-65 years) were examined using rasterstereography in a controlled cohort study. Analysis was performed in static and dynamic conditions in regard to gait phases. Joint status was d…

Foot pronation during walking is associated to the mechanical resistance of the midfoot joint complex.

BACKGROUND: The demonstration of the relationship between midfoot passive mechanical resistance and foot pronation during gait may guide the development of assessment and intervention methods to modify foot motion during gait and to alter midfoot passive mechanical resistance. RESEARCH QUESTION: Is foot pronation during the stance phase of gait related to the midfoot passive mechanical resistance to inversion? METHODS: The resistance torque and stiffness provided by midfoot soft tissues of 33 participants (21 females and 12 males) with average of 26.21 years were measured. In addition, the p…

Cross-Slope and Level Walking Strategies During Swing in Individuals With Lower Limb Amputation.

OBJECTIVE: To quantitatively analyze prosthetic limb swing phase gait strategies used to adapt to cross slopes compared with flat surfaces. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Gait laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: A volunteer sample (N=49) of individuals with transfemoral amputation (n=17), individuals with transtibial amputation (n=15), and able-bodied individuals (n=17). INTERVENTIONS: Participants walked on flat and 6° (10%) inclined cross-slope surfaces at a self-selected walking speed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Gait speed, step width, sagittal plane kinematics (ankle, knee, hip) on the pro…

Targeted Myofascial Release in Oromandibular Dystonia: A Case Report on Non-Invasive Tremor Reduction and Functional Recovery.

IntroductionOromandibular dystonia (OMD) is a rare, disabling movement disorder causing involuntary jaw and neck tremors. Traditional treatments, such as botulinum toxin (BTX) injections, can have side effects or limited efficacy. This case report aims to explore the effects of a non-invasive, multimodal intervention, including targeted myofascial release (MFR), on tremor severity, balance, gait, and functional independence in a patient with OMD.Case PresentationThe patient, a 65-year-old female, presented with severe jaw tremors, impaired balance, and functional limitations in daily activitie…

Technology-Assisted Solutions to Enhance Auditory-Motor Synchronization During Walking in Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.

BackgroundStudies show that beat-based cues from music and metronomes benefit gait in persons with progressive multiple sclerosis (PwPMS) during short walking. While useful for controlled assessment, prolonged walking better reflects real-world function. Adaptive beat-alignment algorithms using biofeedback may enhance synchronization and benefit gait dynamics but their effects in PwPMS remain unknown.AimsTo investigate the effect of walking with and without an adaptive beat-alignment algorithm on synchronization consistency during 8 minutes of walking compared to walking in silence, and its ef…

Characterizing Stair Ambulation Kinetics and the Effects of Dual Tasking in Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Stair ambulation is a complex motor task that presents a substantial fall risk for people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD) who often have postural instability and gait difficulty (PIGD) and experience unpredictable freezing of gait (FOG) episodes. While dual-task (DT) interference during level walking is well-documented, its impact on stair ambulation, an everyday, high-risk activity, remains poorly understood. Objective: The aim of this study was to quantify the impact of dual tasking on patterns of motor control during stair ambulation using kinetic data from The Stair Ambulation …

Effect of Digital Treadmill on Lower Limb Motor Function in Patients with Ischemic Stroke.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of digital treadmill on lower limb motor function in patients with ischemic stroke. METHOD: This was a clinical comparative study. A total of 60 patients with ischemic stroke at Hebei University Hospital were selected from October 2020 to September 2022 and randomly divided observation group and control group. The control group was given conventional rehabilitation therapy, with the observation group receiving digital treadmill training. Both groups were assessed using the Holden Functional Ambulation Category Scale(FAC), digital treadmill gait analysis system…

Pilot Study of Cadence, a Novel Shoe for Patients with Foot Drop.

Foot Drop is a mobility disorder that limits ankle dorsiflexion, complicating the swing phase of gait and balance. It is a common result of a neurological injury or disease such as stroke, cerebral palsy or multiple sclerosis. Here we present Cadence, a low-cost assistive shoe designed to passively improve the biomechanics and rhythmicity of gait for people with foot drop. The shoe reduces the magnitude of scuffing forces when dragging the foot forward across the ground by using regions of low-friction material that can retract into the shoe to restore friction during stance phase. We report t…

Associations between static and functional measures of joint function in the foot and ankle.

Clinicians have traditionally assessed range of motion of the first metatarsophalangeal and ankle joints in a static position. It is unclear, however, if these measurements accurately reflect functional sagittal plane limitations of these joints during gait. For 50 patients (100 feet), we assessed available dorsiflexion at the first metatarsophalangeal and ankle joints, as well as the presence of pinch callus. We then compared these findings with 11 functional gait parameters, as measured using a pressure sensor system. After adjusting for age, weight, smoking status, glycosylated hemoglobin, …