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Clinical Posters From JADPRO Live 2023.

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Геномическая архитектура циркулирующих уровней цитокина указывает на цели лечения иммунных заболеваний.

Циркуляция цитокинес оркестрирует иммунную реакцию и является перспективной целью для лечения иммунных и подстрекательских заболеваний. Изучение генетической архитектуры циркулирующих уровней цитокина могло бы дать ключевые знания о причинно-следственных посредниках в связи с человеческими заболеваниями. Здесь мы провели исследования по общегеномной ассоциации (GWAS) 40 циркуляции цитокинов в мета-анализах 74,783 Люди. Мы обнаружили 359 между уровнями цитокина и вариантами 169 независимых лоси, включая 150 Транс- и 19 Носящая ножи лоси. Интеграция с транскриптивомными данными указывает на ключ

Recurrent NF1 gene variants and their genotype/phenotype correlations in patients with Neurofibromatosis type I.

Neurofibromatosis type I, a genetic condition due to pathogenic variants in the NF1 gene, is burdened by a high rate of complications, including neoplasms, which increase morbidity and mortality for the disease. We retrospectively re-evaluated the NF1 gene variants found in the period 2000-2019 and we studied for genotype/phenotype correlations of disease complications and neoplasms 34 variants, which were shared by at least two unrelated families (range 2-11) for a total 141 of probands and 21 relatives affected by Neurofibromatosis type I. Recurrent variants could be ascribed to the most com

Tripchlorolide induces autophagy in lung cancer cells by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and improves cisplatin sensitivity in A549/DDP cells.

Tripchlorolide (T4) has been shown to induce A549 lung cancer cell death predominantly by activating an autophagy pathway. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Herein, we demonstrated that compared with T4 treatment alone, pretreatment with wortmannin (an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase), perifosine (an inhibitor of AKT) or rapamycin (an inhibitor of mTOR) combined with a subsequent T4 treatment significantly impaired the cell viability of A549 and A549/DDP lung cancer cells. We found that either treatment scheme markedly reduced the activity of P13K and AKT. Expressio

Angioprevention of Urologic Cancers by Plant-Derived Foods.

The number of cancer cases worldwide keeps growing unstoppably, despite the undeniable advances achieved by basic research and clinical practice. Urologic tumors, including some as prevalent as prostate, bladder or kidney tumors, are no exceptions to this rule. Moreover, the fact that many of these tumors are detected in early stages lengthens the duration of their treatment, with a significant increase in health care costs. In this scenario, prevention offers the most cost-effective long-term strategy for the global control of these diseases. Although specialized diets are not the only way to

Shilajit mitigates chemotherapeutic drug-induced testicular toxicity: Study on testicular germ cell dynamics, steroidogenesis modulation, and Nrf-2/Keap-1 signaling.

BACKGROUND: Medications, including chemotherapeutic drugs, contribute to male infertility as external factors by inducing oxidative stress in testicular cells. Shilajit is a naturally occurring bioactive antioxidant used in Ayurvedic medicine to treat a variety of ailments. OBJECTIVE: This study examines the potential of Shilajit to counteract the negative effects of the chemotherapeutic drug cyclophosphamide (CPA) on testicular germ cell dynamics. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Male Parkes mice received single intraperitoneal CPA injection (200 mg/kg BW) on day one, followed by daily supplementation

Antiaging Strategies and Remedies: A Landscape of Research Progress and Promise.

Aging is typified by a gradual loss of physiological fitness and accumulation of cellular damage, leading to deteriorated functions and enhanced vulnerability to diseases. Antiaging research has a long history throughout civilization, with many efforts put forth to understand and prevent the effects of aging. Multiple strategies aiming to promote healthy aging and extend the lifespan have been developed including lifestyle adjustments, medical treatments, and social programs. A multitude of antiaging medicines and remedies have also been explored. Here, we use data from the CAS Content Collect

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… Dietary Supplementation Dietary supplements, such as vitamins, minerals, amino acids, essential fatty acids, flavonoids, plants and herbs, and accessory food ingredients, are considered valuable and safe materials for prevention and treatment of chronic and acute diseases. 225 Interest in the therapeutic …

Role of autophagy in cholangiocarcinoma: Pathophysiology and implications for therapy.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignant tumour of the biliary system that originates from the neoplastic transformation of cholangiocytes. CCA is characterized by late diagnosis and poor outcome, with surgery considered as the last option for management. Autophagy is a physiological lysosomal degradation process, essential for cellular homeostasis and ubiquitous in all eukaryotic cells. Several studies have reported a potential involvement of autophagy in cancer, but it remains unclear whether activation of this process represents a survival mechanism of cancer cells. In the present review, we

Current Advances in Coptidis Rhizoma for Gastrointestinal and Other Cancers.

Cancer is a serious disease with an increasing number of reported cases and high mortality worldwide. Gastrointestinal cancer defines a group of cancers in the digestive system, e.g., liver cancer, colorectal cancer, and gastric cancer. Coptidis Rhizoma (C. Rhizoma; Huanglian, in Chinese) is a classical Chinese medicinal botanical drug for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders and has been shown to have a wide variety of pharmacological activity, including antifungal, antivirus, anticancer, antidiabetic, hypoglycemic, and cardioprotective effects. Recent studies on C. Rhizoma present sig

Anti-Cancer Research Progress of Triptolide: Mechanisms of Action, Structural Modifications, Nanodelivery Systems and Clinical Challenges.

Triptolide is a bioactive diterpenoid lactone from traditional Chinese medicine with notable anti-tumor, immunosuppressive, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its clinical utility is hampered by poor solubility, a narrow therapeutic index, and multi-organ toxicity. In response, extensive efforts have been made to improve its efficacy and safety profile. This review critically examines recent progress in Triptolide research, covering its mechanisms of action, derivative design, drug delivery systems, and cancer-specific applications. It also evaluates its clinical potential against panc

Obesity, Bariatric Surgery, and Cancer Risk: Nutritional Perspectives and Long-Term Clinical Implications.

Obesity is recognized as a causal risk factor for the development of multiple cancers, with risk magnitude varying by tumor site, sex, life stage, and adipose tissue distribution. This narrative review synthesizes recent epidemiological evidence linking excess body fatness with cancer incidence and mortality and integrates the biological mechanisms that explain this association. Chronic low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance with compensatory hyperinsulinemia, dysregulation of adipose-derived hormones and sex steroids, impairment of anti-tumor immune responses, alterations in the gut micro

Астроглиальная модуляция синаптической функции в недемилинированной коре головного мозга зависит от сигнала MyD88 в модели токсичного обезвоживания.

Прогрессивный неврологический спад в множественном склерозе связан с аксонной потерей и синаптической дисфункцией в недемилинированном нормальном сером веществе (NAGM) и занимает видное место в мозжечке. В отличие от ранних стадий заболеваний, когда синаптическая и нейро-аксональная патология коррелирует с масштабами инфильтрации клеток Т, для прогрессивных MS была предложена важная роль врожденной иммунной системы. Вместе с тем конкретный вклад микроглии и астроцитов в синаптическую патологию мозгового мозга в НГММ - независимо от адаптивной реакции Т клеток - по-прежнему в значительной степе

The Potential of Nuclear Pore Complexes in Cancer Therapy.

Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) play a critical role in regulating transport-dependent gene expression, influencing various stages of cancer development and progression. Dysregulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport has profound implications, particularly in the context of cancer-associated protein mislocalization. This review provides specific information about the relationship between nuclear pore complexes, key regulatory proteins, and their impact on cancer biology. Highlighting the influence of tumor-suppressor proteins as well as the potential of gold nanoparticles and intelligent nanosyste

Эпидемиология, патология и патогенез MS: терапевтические последствия.

Множественный склероз (MS) является хроническим и потенциально деактивирующим воспалительным заболеванием центральной нервной системы (CNS). МS, как правило, характеризуется повторяющимися и самоограниченными эпизодами неврологической дисфункции, которые происходят непредсказуемо и часто приводят к множественным повреждениям тканей в рамках CNS. В настоящее время женщины страдают в два-три раза чаще, чем мужчины, хотя это, возможно, не произошло в предыдущие периоды времени. Известно, что патогенез MS связан как с критическими генетическими, так и с экологическими механизмами. Тем не менее, по

Совершенствование иммунотерапии клеток ИНКТ путем интеграции оптимизированных эндодоменов ЦАР и участников ИНКТ.

Клетки ИНКТ становятся весьма перспективной платформой иммунотерапии для лечения рака. Чтобы максимально увеличить антираковую активность CAR-INKT против рака крови, мы изучили оптимальные конструкции CAR и их комбинацию с новыми специфичными участниками INKT. Мы находим, что среди пяти различных эндодомен ЦАР, подкрепляемых возросшей вспыльчивостью и перекрестным разговором между Plexin D1 на CAR-INKT и Semaphorin 4 A на клетках миэломы, BCMA CD28z CAR-INKT проявляет наибольшую активность против миэломы. В частности, CD28z CAR-INKT опережает их коллег CAR-T. В целях расширения потенциала CAR-

Tumor-Treating Fields in Glioblastomas: Past, Present, and Future.

Tumor-treating fields (TTFields), a noninvasive and innovative therapeutic approach, has emerged as the fourth most effective treatment option for the management of glioblastomas (GBMs), the most deadly primary brain cancer. According to on recent milestone randomized trials and subsequent observational data, TTFields therapy leads to substantially prolonged patient survival and acceptable adverse events. Clinical trials are ongoing to further evaluate the safety and efficacy of TTFields in treating GBMs and its biological and radiological correlations. TTFields is administered by delivering l

The Link Between the Gut Microbiome and Bone Metastasis.

The gut microbiome is essential for regulating host metabolism, defending against pathogens, and shaping the host's immune system. Mounting evidence highlights that disruption in gut microbial communities significantly impacts cancer development and treatment. Moreover, tumor-associated microbiota, along with its metabolites and toxins, may contribute to cancer progression by promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, and metastatic spread to distant organs. Bones, in particular, are common sites for metastasis due to a rich supply of growth and neovascularization factors an

The skeleton: an overlooked regulator of systemic glucose metabolism in cancer?

Recent discoveries demonstrated the skeleton's role as an endocrine organ regulating whole-body glucose homeostasis. Glucose metabolism is critical for rapid cell proliferation and tumour growth through increasing glucose uptake and fermentation of glucose to lactate despite being in an aerobic environment. This hypothesis paper discusses emerging evidence on how bones can regulate whole-body glucose homeostasis with potential to impact on tumour growth and proliferation. Moreover, it proposes a clinical link between bone glucose metabolism and prognosis of cancer based on recent clinical tria

Towards Precision Oncology: The Role of Smoothened and Its Variants in Cancer.

The G protein-coupled receptor Smoothened (Smo) is a central signal transducer of the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway which has been linked to diverse forms of tumours. Stimulated by advancements in structural and functional characterisation, the Smo receptor has been recognised as an important therapeutic target in Hh-driven cancers, and several Smo inhibitors have now been approved for cancer therapy. This receptor is also known to be an oncoprotein itself and its gain-of-function variants have been associated with skin, brain, and liver cancers. According to the COSMIC database, oncogenic mutations o

Anakinra: efficacy in the management of fever during neutropenia and mucositis in autologous stem cell transplantation (AFFECT-2)-study protocol for a multicenter randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Since decades, fever and infections have been the most important complications of intensive chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in the treatment of hematologic malignancies. Neutropenia has long been considered to be the most important risk factor for these complications. However, recent studies have shown that not neutropenia, but the development of mucositis is the most important cause of these complications. Currently, limited options for the prevention and treatment of mucositis are available, of which most are only supportive. The pro-inflammatory c