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MR and CT angiography in the diagnosis of vasculitides.

Vasculitides represent the wide-ranging series of complex inflammatory diseases that involve inflammation of blood vessel walls. These conditions are characterized according to the caliber of the predominantly involved vessels. The work-up of vasculitides often includes imaging to narrow a differential diagnosis and guide management. Findings from CT and MR angiography in conjunction with a thorough history and physical exam are of utmost importance in making an accurate diagnosis. Further, imaging can be used for follow-up, in order to monitor disease progression and response to treatment. Th

Neuropathic cancer pain: What we are dealing with? How to manage it?

Cancer pain is a serious health problem, and imposes a great burden on the lives of patients and their families. Pain can be associated with delay in treatment, denial of treatment, or failure of treatment. If the pain is not treated properly it may impair the quality of life. Neuropathic cancer pain (NCP) is one of the most complex phenomena among cancer pain syndromes. NCP may result from direct damage to nerves due to acute diagnostic/therapeutic interventions. Chronic NCP is the result of treatment complications or malignancy itself. Although the reason for pain is different in NCP and non

Evaluation of salivary nitric oxide levels and anxiety in multiple sclerosis patients, with and without Xerostomia: correlation with clinical variables.

BACKGROUND: Xerostomia is a prevalent but often overlooked condition in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, significantly impacting their quality of life and oral health. This cross-sectional observational study investigates the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) and explores its association with xerostomia in MS patients. The primary objective was to compare salivary NO concentrations and stress levels between MS patients with and without xerostomia. METHODS: MS patients diagnosed by neurologists and MRI were categorized into two groups: those with xero

Pharmacological treatments of COVID-19.

The viral infection due to the new coronavirus or coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which was reported for the first time in December 2019, was named by the World Health Organization (WHO) as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2), because of the very similar genome and also its related symptoms to SARS-CoV1. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic with significant mortality, morbidity, and socioeconomic impact is considered by the WHO as a global public health emergency. Since there is no specific treatment available for SARS-CoV2 infection, and or COVID-19, several clinical and

2022 Chinese expert consensus and guidelines on clinical management of toxicity in anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Adoptive cellular immunotherapy with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells has emerged as a novel modality for treating relapsed and/or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL). With increasing approval of CAR T-cell products and advances in CAR T cell therapy, CAR T cells are expected to be used in a growing number of cases. However, CAR T-cell-associated toxicities can be severe or even fatal, thus compromising the survival benefit from this therapy. Standardizing and studying the clinical management of these toxicities are imperative. In contrast to other hematological malignancies,

The Health-Promoting Properties and Clinical Applications of Rice Bran Arabinoxylan Modified with Shiitake Mushroom Enzyme-A Narrative Review.

Rice bran arabinoxylan compound (RBAC) is derived from defatted rice bran hydrolyzed with Lentinus edodes mycelial enzyme. It has been marketed as a functional food and a nutraceutical with health-promoting properties. Some research has demonstrated this rice bran derivative to be a potent immunomodulator, which also possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-angiogenic properties. To date, research on RBAC has predominantly focused on its immunomodulatory action and application as a complementary therapy for cancer. Nonetheless, the clinical applications of RBAC can extend beyond canc

Доклад по делу: Синдром Рефрактора Эванса two Пациенты, страдающие спондилоэндродисплазией с иммунной дисрегуляцией, успешно лечились с ингибицией JAK1/JAK2.

Biallelic мутации в гене ACP5 вызывают спондилоэндхондрисплазию с иммунной дисрегуляцией (SPENCDI). Для СЕНКОДИ характерна фенотипическая триада скелетной дисфункции, врожденная и адаптивная иммунная дисфункция, а также переменные неврологические результаты, начиная от асимптоматических кальцинаций мозга и заканчивая сильной задержкой в развитии и прививкой. Регулирование иммунной дискриминации в СИННКДИ часто является отходом от стандартного иммунодепрессивного лечения. Здесь мы представляем примеры two :: пациенты, страдающие синдромом SNNCDI и аутоиммунной цитопенией, которые продемонстриро

New insight into adiponectin role in obesity and obesity-related diseases.

Obesity is a major health problem strongly increasing the risk for various severe related complications such as metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory disorders, diabetic retinopathy, and cancer. Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ that produces biologically active molecules defined "adipocytokines," protein hormones with pleiotropic functions involved in the regulation of energy metabolism as well as in appetite, insulin sensitivity, inflammation, atherosclerosis, cell proliferation, and so forth. In obesity, fat accumulation causes dysregulation of adipokine production tha

The Role of TRL7/8 Agonists in Cancer Therapy, with Special Emphasis on Hematologic Malignancies.

Toll-like receptors (TLR) belong to the pattern recognition receptors (PRR). TLR7 and the closely correlated TLR8 affiliate with toll-like receptors family, are located in endosomes. They recognize single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules and synthetic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)/RNA analogs-oligoribonucleotides. TLRs are primarily expressed in hematopoietic cells. There is compiling evidence implying that TLRs also direct the formation of blood cellular components and make a contribution to the pathogenesis of certain hematopoietic malignancies. The latest research shows a positive ef

The Production Processes and Biological Effects of Intravenous Immunoglobulin.

Immunoglobulin is a highly diverse autologous molecule able to influence immunity in different physiological and diseased situations. Its effect may be visible both in terms of development and function of B and T lymphocytes. Polyclonal immunoglobulin may be used as therapy in many diseases in different circumstances such as primary and secondary hypogammaglobulinemia, recurrent infections, polyneuropathies, cancer, after allogeneic transplantation in the presence of infections and/or GVHD. However, recent studies have broadened the possible uses of polyclonal immunoglobulin showing that it ca

Review Article: Immune Effector Cell-Mediated Enterocolitis Following CAR-T Cell Therapy-Clinical Features, Pathophysiology and Management.

BACKGROUND: Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has revolutionised the treatment of hematologic malignancies, and its use is expanding rapidly into numerous other disease states including autoimmune diseases. However, CAR-T therapy is associated with a spectrum of immune-related toxicities. In addition to the already well characterized cytokine release syndrome and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome, it has become apparent that rarely, CAR-T can cause gastrointestinal mucosal inflammation, termed immune effector cell-mediated enterocolitis (IEC-EC). AIMS: This

Причинная роль общих аутоиммунных заболеваний в межститиальном цистите/болезнечном синдроме пузырьков: исследование менделианского случайного заболевания (MR).

Результаты наблюдений свидетельствуют о том, что на показатели межститиального цитита/болезненного синдрома пузырей (IC/BPS) могут влиять аутоиммунные заболевания (AID), хотя причинно-следственные связи трудно определить на основе данных наблюдений из-за риска остаточного смешения. Мы использовали менделианскую случайность (MR) для изучения причинно-следственной связи нескольких AID на IC/BPS. Наша двунаправленная two- анализ МОР был основан на обобщенных статистических данных, полученных в ходе самых последних всеобъемлющих исследований, касающихся всего генома. Этот конкретный подход был исп

16th International Congress on Antiphospholipid Antibodies Task Force Report on Antiphospholipid Syndrome Treatment Trends.

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), an acquired autoimmune thrombophilia, is characterised by thrombosis and/or pregnancy morbidity in association with persistent antiphospholipid antibodies. The 16th International Congress on Antiphospholipid Antibodies Task Force on APS Treatment Trends reviewed the current status with regard to existing and novel treatment trends for APS, which is the focus of this Task Force report. The report addresses current treatments and developments since the last report, on the use of direct oral anticoagulants in patients with APS, antiplatelet agents, adjunctive ther

Immune Therapies for Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are hematologic malignancies arising from the bone marrow. Despite recent advances in treating these diseases, patients with higher-risk MDS and AML continue to have a poor prognosis with limited survival. It has long been recognized that there is an immune component to the pathogenesis of MDS and AML, but until recently, immune therapies have played a limited role in treating these diseases. Immune suppressive therapy exhibits durable clinical responses in selected patients with MDS, but the question of which patients are most s

Common Non-Rheumatic Medical Conditions Mimicking Fibromyalgia: A Simple Framework for Differential Diagnosis.

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic non-inflammatory disorder mainly characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and a constellation of other symptoms. For this reason, delineating a clear distinction between pure FM and FM-like picture attributable to other common diseases can be extremely challenging. Physicians must identify the most significant confounders in individual patients and implement an appropriate diagnostic workflow, carefully choosing a minimal (but sufficient) set of tests to be used for identifying the most plausible diseases in the specific case

Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis: An Up-to-Date Overview

During the last decades, the effort of establishing satisfactory biomarkers for multiple sclerosis has been proven to be very difficult, due to the clinical and pathophysiological complexities of the disease. Recent knowledge acquired in the domains of genomics-immunogenetics and neuroimmunology, as well as the evolution in neuroimaging, has provided a whole new list of biomarkers. This variety, though, leads inevitably to confusion in the effort of decision making concerning strategic and individualized therapeutics. In this paper, our primary goal is to provide the reader with a list of the

Case report: Rapid resolution of grade IV ICANS after first line intrathecal chemotherapy with methotrexate, cytarabine and dexamethasone.

Corticosteroid therapy is the mainstay of immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) management, although its use has been associated with worse overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T cell) therapy. Many options are being investigated for prophylaxis and management. Accumulating evidence supports the use of intrathecal (IT) chemotherapy for the management of high-grade ICANS. Here, we describe a case of a patient with stage IV Primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) successfully treated with IT methotrexat

Rice bran arabinoxylan compound and quality of life of cancer patients (RBAC-QoL): Study protocol for a randomized pilot feasibility trial.

IntroductionRice bran arabinoxylan compound (RBAC) is a nutraceutical for enhancing a depleted immune system during and after cancer treatment. This pilot feasibility trial aims to evaluate the effects of RBAC on cancer patients' quality of life during active treatment, compared to placebo, using a validated questionnaire. Other outcome measures include changes in inflammatory and nutritional status, cytokine profile, and gut microbiota.Methods/designThe study will recruit 50 participants from a regional cancer center in Australia. Patients aged 18-70, diagnosed with solid organ cancers stage

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… Cytokines in the systemic inflammatory response syndrome: a review HSR Proc. Intensive Care Cardiovasc. Anesth. 2 2010 161 175 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3484588/ 23441054 PMC3484588 8 Laird B.J.A. Fallon M. Hjermstad M.J. Tuck S. Kaasa S. Klepstad P. McMillan D.C. …

Навигатор биомаркеров человека.

Биомаркеры играют ключевую роль в современных исследованиях медицины, особенно в ранней диагностике заболеваний и персонализированном лечении. Несмотря на то, что предыдущие исследования систематически обзоры маркеров в различных областях заболеваний, интегрированная система, которая связывает основные физиологические системы, охватывает множество органов и охватывает широкий спектр заболеваний, все еще отсутствует. В контексте современных вызовов здоровья, характеризующихся высокой распространенностью хронических заболеваний и широкими сопутствующими заболеваниями, создание панорамной системы

Преодоление препятствий: развитие клеточной терапии в области аутоиммунной борьбы с заболеваниями.

Аутоиммунные заболевания возникают в результате дисрегламента в иммунной системе, что приводит к агрессивному нападению на ткани самого организма. Патогенез этих условий является многофакторным, охватывающим сложные взаимосвязи между генетическими предрасположениями, экологическими детерминантами и гормональными колебаниями. Диапазон аутоиммунных заболеваний является широким и оказывает воздействие на множество систем органов, при этом можно привести такие примечательные примеры, как ревматуидный артрит (RA), системный волчан (SLE), множественный склероз (MS), псориаз и витилиго. Несмотря на з