Результаты поиска

Pathophysiology and treatment of osteoporosis: challenges for clinical practice in older people.

Osteoporosis, a common chronic metabolic bone disease is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. As the prevalence of osteoporosis increases with age, a paralleled elevation in the rate of incident fragility fractures will be observed. This narrative review explores the origins of bone and considers physiological mechanisms involved in bone homeostasis relevant to management and treatment. Secondary causes of osteoporosis, as well as osteosarcopenia are discussed followed by an overview of the commonly used pharmacological treatments for osteoporosis in older people.

AL Amyloidosis for Cardiologists: Awareness, Diagnosis, and Future Prospects: JACC: CardioOncology State-of-the-Art Review.

Amyloid light chain (AL) amyloidosis is a rare, debilitating, often fatal disease. Symptoms of cardiomyopathy are common presenting features, and patients often are referred to cardiologists. Cardiac amyloid infiltration is the leading predictor of death. However, the variable presentation and perceived rarity of the disease frequently lead to delay in suspecting amyloidosis as a cause of heart failure, leading to misdiagnoses and a marked delay in diagnosis, with devastating consequences for the patient. A median time from symptom onset to correct diagnosis of about 2 years is often too long

Rolling contact fatigue dataset for AISI 52100 bearing steel balls under calcium grease lubrication.

Rolling contact fatigue (RCF) is a dominant failure mechanism in bearings; however, open-access datasets analyzing RCF under varying lubrication conditions remain scarce. This study aims to address this problem, in which AISI 52100 bearing steel balls were tested using a four-ball tribometer according to IP 300 standard. Three calcium-soap-thickened greases of National Lubricating Grease Institute (NLGI) grades 0, 00, and 000 were used and each was formulated with extreme-pressure additives. A total of 63 trials (21 per grade) were conducted at 1470 rpm, under a peak axial load of 5739 N. The

Characteristics and Risk Factors of Ultra-High-Risk Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of ultra-high-risk (UHR) patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM).MethodsWe screened UHR patients with a survival of less than 24 months and we selected patients with a concurrent survival of more than 24 months as a control group. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics of UHR patients with newly diagnosed MM and screened related risk factors.ResultsIn total we analyzed 477 patients, which included 121 (25.4%) UHR patients and 356 (74.6%) control patients. Median overall survival (OS) and progres

Mucin1 as a potential molecule for cancer immunotherapy and targeted therapy.

Mucin1 is a highly glycosylated type 1 transmembrane mucin that ranks second among 75 tumor-related antigens published by the National Cancer Institute, and has been identified as a possible therapeutic target over the past 30 years. MUC1 plays an important role in malignant transformation and disease evolution, including cell proliferation, survival, self-renewal, and metastatic invasion. MUC1 has been shown to interact with diverse effectors such as β-catenin, receptor tyrosine kinases, and cellular-abelsongene, which are of importance in the pathogenesis of various malignant tumors. Targeti

Представление информации об основных конечных точках и соответствующем цикле случайных испытаний миэломы.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: Онкологические клинические испытания, независимо от успеха в достижении их основной цели, часто страдают от поворачивания искажений результатов исследований. Несмотря на резкое улучшение результатов миеломы, многие недавние испытания миэломы не достигли своих основных целей, в то время как другие дали лишь незначительные положительные результаты. Необходима тщательная оценка практики представления отчетности и прокручивания в произвольно регулируемых испытаниях на основе миэломы. МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: Мы провели перекрестный анализ миэломных РСТ, которые начали поступать в

Suicides among Danish cancer patients 1971-1999.

Compared to the general population, the suicide risk among Danish cancer patients diagnosed in 1971-1986 was increased by 50% for men and 30% for women. We updated the earlier study to evaluate both long-term and recent trends in the suicide risk. Cancer patients with a first cancer diagnosed between 1971 and 1999 in Denmark were followed-up for completed suicide through 1999. Excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer, 564 508 cancer patients were included and 1241 suicides observed. Both the standardised mortality ratio (SMR) of suicide relative to the general population and the suicide rates were an

Antibody and aptamer-based therapies for osteoarthritis: Application of antibodies and promise of aptamers.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative inflammatory joint disease with progressive loss of articular cartilage that undermines patients' quality of life. There are no regulatory-approved, disease-modifying OA medications, despite a great deal of studies done to elucidate OA pathogenesis. Until now, OA pharmacological treatment focused mainly on generalized inhibition of inflammation and pain. Currently, monoclonal antibodies and nucleic-acid aptamers emerge as targeted therapies offering potential alternatives by addressing the complex challenges posed by OA, such as specifically reducin

Update on the role of bone turnover markers in the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis: a consensus paper from The European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO), International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF), and International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC).

PurposeThe International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) and the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) have proposed procollagen type I N propeptide (PINP) and β isomerized C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (β-CTX-I) as reference bone turnover markers (BTMs) for osteoporosis. This report examines the published literature since the 2011 IOF-IFCC position paper in order to determine the clinical potential of the reference BTMs and newer markers for the prediction of fracture risk and monitoring the treatment of osteoporosis.MethodsEvidence for the re

Mechanical suppression of osteolytic bone metastases in advanced breast cancer patients: a randomised controlled study protocol evaluating safety, feasibility and preliminary efficacy of exercise as a targeted medicine.

BACKGROUND: Skeletal metastases present a major challenge for clinicians, representing an advanced and typically incurable stage of cancer. Bone is also the most common location for metastatic breast carcinoma, with skeletal lesions identified in over 80% of patients with advanced breast cancer. Preclinical models have demonstrated the ability of mechanical stimulation to suppress tumour formation and promote skeletal preservation at bone sites with osteolytic lesions, generating modulatory interference of tumour-driven bone remodelling. Preclinical studies have also demonstrated anti-cancer e

Molecular Inhibitors of Growth Signals

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

P2X7 Рецептор рентгеновских заболеваний: общие молекулярные механизмы и терапевтические последствия.

Редкие заболевания (РЛ) в индивидуальном порядке редко встречаются, но в совокупности они затрагивают большое число людей во всем мире, и подавляющее большинство из них по-прежнему не имеют эффективных методов лечения, позволяющих вести борьбу с заболеваниями. Благодаря достижениям в области геномики и платформ для обмена данными исследования все чаще переходят от одного заболевания к поиску конвергентных молекулярных путей, которые можно было бы использовать в различных клинически отличных друг от друга структурах. В этом контексте purinergic P2X7 рецептор (P2X7R) превратился в предполагаемую

Demystifying the oncologic patient in the intensive care unit.

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

Bone turnover markers as predictors of hypocalcemia in patients with bone metastases receiving denosumab.

Denosumab treatment is effective for the prevention of skeletal-related events in patients with bone metastases. However, hypocalcemia has been recognized as a serious adverse effect of denosumab. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for hypocalcemia in patients with bone metastases. In this prospective open-label study, 35 patients with bone metastases to be treated with denosumab were recruited. During the 3 months follow-up, 9 patients (25.7%) experienced hypocalcemia. Higher bone turnover status at baseline was observed in patients with hypocalcemia than in those without hypocalce

The Clinical Use of Stem Cell Research in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Critical Analysis of Current Policies.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disorder affecting more than 200 million people around the world, resulting in three million deaths per year. COPD is characterized by the loss of lung tissue and airway remodelling, with chronic inflammation of the airways and progressive destruction of lung parenchyma. The use of stem cells may lead to regenerative processes that address biological damage. However, this approach raises ethical issues that need to be considered in clinical trials using stem cell therapy, such as informed consent, patient recruitment and harm minimization, as w

Exploring the integration of dentistry within a multidisciplinary palliative care team: does bedside dental care improve quality of life and symptom burden in inpatient palliative care patients?

BACKGROUND: Despite the significant impact of oral problems on the quality of life of palliative care patients, comprehensive studies are lacking. This study is the first of its kind to address this gap by including both a dental examination and an intervention and assessing quality of life using the EORTC QLQ OH 15 questionnaire. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to explore the impact of incorporating dentists into inpatient palliative care, with a focus on enhancing quality of life and alleviating symptom burden. METHODS: In this monocentric study, data were gathered from a pallia

Preferred and actual place of death in haematological malignancy.

OBJECTIVES: Home is considered the preferred place of death for many, but patients with haematological malignancies (leukaemias, lymphomas and myeloma) die in hospital more often than those with other cancers and the reasons for this are not wholly understood. We examined preferred and actual place of death among people with these diseases. METHODS: The study is embedded within an established population-based cohort of patients with haematological malignancies. All patients diagnosed at two of the largest hospitals in the study area between May 2005 and April 2008 with acute myeloid leukaemia

Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic Use at the End of Life in Patients With Advanced Cancer.

IMPORTANCE: Patients with advanced cancer frequently receive broad-spectrum antibiotics, but changing use patterns across the end-of-life trajectory remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To describe the patterns of broad-spectrum antibiotic use across defined end-of-life intervals in patients with advanced cancer. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This nationwide, population-based, retrospective cohort study used data from the South Korean National Health Insurance Service database to examine broad-spectrum antibiotic use among patients with advanced cancer who died between July 1, 2002, and

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Concepts and definitions for “actively dying,” “end of life,” “terminally ill,” “terminal care,” and “transition of care”: a systematic review . J Pain Symptom Manage . 2014 ; 47 ( 1 ): 77 - 89 . doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2013.02.021 23796586 PMC3870193 17 Bray F , Laversanne M , Sung H , . …

Caregiver's quality of life in advanced cancer: validation of the construct in a real-life setting of early palliative care.

IntroductionEarly palliative care (EPC) improves the quality of life (QoL) of advanced cancer patients and their caregivers. The increasingly widespread use of this care model requires the development of measures supporting its interventions. Although the construct of patient's QoL has been extensively investigated and several QoL measures have been further validated, there is a paucity of data concerning the QoL of the caregiver. In 2018, McDonald and colleagues addressed this issue by interviewing 23 primary caregivers of advanced cancer patients who participated in an EPC randomized clinica

Emerging strategies to target RAS signaling in human cancer therapy.

RAS mutations (HRAS, NRAS, and KRAS) are among the most common oncogenes, and around 19% of patients with cancer harbor RAS mutations. Cells harboring RAS mutations tend to undergo malignant transformation and exhibit malignant phenotypes. The mutational status of RAS correlates with the clinicopathological features of patients, such as mucinous type and poor differentiation, as well as response to anti-EGFR therapies in certain types of human cancers. Although RAS protein had been considered as a potential target for tumors with RAS mutations, it was once referred to as a undruggable target d