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Cuproptosis Inducers in Cancer Therapy: State of the Art and Challenges.

Cancer continues to be the primary cause of death despite significant progress in medicine, and finding effective therapies remains a challenge. New treatments are needed to minimize the harmful effects on the body and increase the selectivity of drugs. These therapies must also overcome cancer cell resistance and prevent metastasis. Metal-based drugs are becoming increasingly crucial for treating tumors, and copper ion-based systems and nanoparticles have been identified as having unique properties and anticancer potential. Given the key role exerted by Cu in the etiology, severity, and progr

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… The resulting hexagonal prism NPs (∼120 nm hydrodynamic diameter) exhibited hierarchical porosity with a high surface area. Zr‐Cu MOF was loaded with ES and coated with trastuzumab through carbodiimide chemistry, utilizing the surface carboxyl groups. … DSF was loaded by exploiting the porosity of the MOF shell, whereas a coating with HA endowed the system with hydrophilicity and tumor‐targeting capability mediated by the CD44 receptor. …

Гибридные композитные соединения с оксидами металлов: всеобъемлющий обзор синтеза и многофункциональных видов применения.

В ряде передовых технологий может использоваться разнообразное семейство композитных полимерных (CP) составов с особыми физико-химическими свойствами (MO x). В настоящем исследовании представлен всеобъемлющий обзор комплексных подходов к этим гибридным композитным материалам с уделением особого внимания синергической интеграции оксидов металлов с ХП в целях укрепления их структурной основы, а также их электрических и каталитических свойств. Изучается многофункциональное применение этих материалов, в частности в таких областях, как биомедицинское зондирование, энергосберегающие модули и техноло

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… Morphological control | Enable synthesis of well-defined nanostructures, but template removal is challenging | Enable control over the particle size and shape at the nanoscale but require highly precise synthetic parameters to avoid structural inhomogeneity | 64 and 65 Surface area and porosity | Synthesize … material with a high surface area and porosity making the material best candidate for sensing and catalytic application, but template may introduce impurities as well | High purity can be achieved, but residual solvent may require removal | 57 and 68 Yield | Yield is typically high but depends on template …

Bone Research Society 2021 Abstracts

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A 3D engineered multiple myeloma niche for evaluating CAR T cell therapy.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies targeting B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) have shown unprecedented success in treating multiple myeloma (MM), yet long-term relapse remains a critical challenge, possible due to the protective influence of the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. Current in vitro models often rely on simplistic 2D cocultures of CAR T and MM cells, and fail to recapitulate the 3D structural and cellular complexity of the osteogenic niche, which is known to facilitate immune evasion. In this study, we aimed to develop a physiologically relevant 3D in vitro MM model

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… Briefly, hydroxyapatite scaffolds with trabecular structure and 90% porosity (Engipore®, Finceramica-Faenza, Faenza, Italy) of 4 mm height and 8 mm diameter were seeded in perfusion bioreactor with 0.75 × 10 6 of BM-MSC at a superficial velocity of 3000 μL/min. …

Fracture severity dependence of bone and muscle performance in patients following single or multiple vertebral fractures.

BACKGROUND: Few studies focus on the clinical, laboratory, radiological, and biological characteristics of bone and muscle of multiple vertebral fractures, which are associated with a more poor prognosis compared with single fracture. PURPOSE: To compare the BMD, bone turnover, muscularity, fatty infiltration of muscle, and prevalence of co-morbidities in patients with single and multiple vertebral fractures. METHODS: We recruited 100 patients with single fracture (age 66.96 ± 8.24 years) and 100 with multiple fractures (age 69.90 ± 7.80 years); performed dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry of

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… This may be at least in part explained by alterations in the bone microarchitecture, including impairments in bone material properties and increases in cortical porosity, two key skeletal abnormalities that contribute to skeletal fragility in patients with type 2 diabetes ( 32 , 37 ). …

Calcium Phosphate Ceramics Can Prevent Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw.

Bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ), a post-surgical non-healing wound condition, is one of the most common side effects in patients treated with nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates. Its physiopathology has been related with suppression of bone turnover, of soft tissue healing and infection. Biphasic calcium phosphates (BCP) are used as a drug delivery vehicle and as a bone substitute in surgical wounds. Due to their capacity to adsorb zoledronate, it was hypothesized these compounds might have a protective effect on the soft tissues in BRONJ wounds. To address this hypo

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… The BCP used was Adbone ® BCP, (Medbone ® Medical Devices, Sintra, Portugal), a porous synthetic bone biomaterial, constituted by 75% hydroxyapatite (HA) and 25% beta phosphate tricalcium (β-TCP), having a porosity of 80% with a pore size in the range of 300–500 microns. …

The role of technological progress vs. accidental discoveries and clinical experience.

The 50th anniversary of dialysotherapy celebrated by nephrologists around the world in 2012 provided an opportunity for discussion on the role of clinical experience in relation to technological progress in the evolution of dialysis, especially of recently observed inadequate decrease in mortality/morbidity rates of patients on chronic dialysis. My report, based on almost 50 years of career in nephrology, refers the evolution of dialysis, from catharsis to modern dialysotherapy with special attention devoted to nowadays gravely underestimated role of clinical experience and personalized profes

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… Effective removal of low molecular toxins, such as urea, creatinine, potasium or mean molecular toxins (mw. from 500 D to 50 kD) of which β 2 microglobulin (β2M, mw. 11,8 kD) is surrogate depends on porosity of the membrane. …

An Early Myeloma Bone Disease Model in Skeletally Mature Mice as a Platform for Biomaterial Characterization of the Extracellular Matrix.

Multiple myeloma (MM) bone disease is characterized by osteolytic bone tissue destruction resulting in bone pain, fractures, vertebral collapse, and spinal cord compression in patients. Upon initial diagnosis of MM, almost 80% of patients suffer from bone disease. Earlier diagnosis and intervention in MM bone disease would potentially improve treatment outcome and patient survival. New preclinical models are needed for developing novel diagnostic markers of bone structural changes as early as possible in the disease course. Here, we report a proof-of-concept, syngeneic, intrafemoral MOPC315.BM

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… A recent study on a murine osteoporosis model investigates the influence of lacunar-canalicular permeability and vascular porosity on the fluid flow magnitude and shows that this was significantly reduced in an osteoporotic condition as modeled with ovariectomized rats [ 29 ]. …

Renal replacement therapy in cancer patients with acute kidney injury (Review).

Cancer patients are at high risk for developing acute kidney injury (AKI), which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in these patients. Despite the progress made in understanding the pathogenic mechanisms and etiology of AKI in these patients, the main prevention consists of avoiding medication and nephrotoxic agents such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, contrast agents used in medical imaging and modulation of chemotherapy regimens; when prophylactic measures are overcome and renal impairment becomes unresponsive to treatment, renal replacement therapy (RRT) is requi

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… These recently produced MCO membranes with intermediate porosity (between HF and HCO) have certain favorable characteristics such as higher permeability for medium molecules and much lower albumin loss compared to HCO membranes. …

Exploration of Site-Specific Drug Targeting-A Review on EPR-, Stimuli-, Chemical-, and Receptor-Based Approaches as Potential Drug Targeting Methods in Cancer Treatment.

Cancer has been one of the most dominant causes of mortality globally over the last few decades. In cancer treatment, the selective targeting of tumor cells is indispensable, making it a better replacement for conventional chemotherapies by diminishing their adverse side effects. While designing a drug to be delivered selectively in the target organ, the drug development scientists should focus on various factors such as the type of cancer they are dealing with according to which drug, targeting moieties, and pharmaceutical carriers should be targeted. All published articles have been collecte

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… Cryotherapy or cold shock is also a thermosensitive technique for the diffusion of encapsulated drugs where reduction of temperature results in increased porosity due to swelling or deswelling of nanocarrier like pluronic F127–polyethyleneimine [ 106 ]. 4.1.2. … Additionally, AMF can contribute to structural alteration, for instance, augmented porosity of shell or bilayer, breakdown of magnetic nanoparticle core, or deformation of single-crystal nanoshell lattice [ 131 , 132 ]. …

The Bone Extracellular Matrix as an Ideal Milieu for Cancer Cell Metastases.

Bone is a preferential site for cancer metastases, including multiple myeloma, prostate, and breast cancers.The composition of bone, especially the extracellular matrix (ECM), make it an attractive site for cancer cell colonization and survival. The bone ECM is composed of living cells embedded within a matrix composed of both organic and inorganic components. Among the organic components, type I collagen provides the tensile strength of bone. Inorganic components, including hydroxyapatite crystals, are an integral component of bone and provide bone with its rigidity. Under normal circumstance

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… Differences between cortical and trabecular bone are determined by density and porosity [ 14 , 15 ]. For example, long bones, such as the femur, have three regions: the epiphysis, metaphysis, and diaphysis [ 16 ]. … The mechanical properties of cortical bone are characterized by the porosity, mineralization, and organization of the bone microstructure [ 13 ]. Cancer cells frequently disseminate to bone and utilize changes in the bone matrix to promote cancer growth [ 2 , 18 , 19 ]. …

Mechanisms of bone pain: Progress in research from bench to bedside.

The field of research on pain originating from various bone diseases is expanding rapidly, with new mechanisms and targets asserting both peripheral and central sites of action. The scope of research is broadening from bone biology to neuroscience, neuroendocrinology, and immunology. In particular, the roles of primary sensory neurons and non-neuronal cells in the peripheral tissues as important targets for bone pain treatment are under extensive investigation in both pre-clinical and clinical settings. An understanding of the peripheral mechanisms underlying pain conditions associated with va

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… Osteoclast resorption likely causes the porosity of sclerotic endplates. During aging, the porosity of the sclerotic endplates may resemble low bone mineral density, which stimulates osteoblast secretion of PGE2 and promote aberrant sensory innervations causing pain. …

Моделирование и нацеливание враждебной физико-химической ниши в метастазе костей: от экспериментальных платформ до нишевой терапии.

Метастаз рака до костей формируется не только из-за перекрестка опухолей, но и из-за враждебной физико-химической ниши, которая способствует стойкости к болезням и терапевтической недостаточности. Гипоксия, кислотность, минерализированная матричная архитектура, изменённая механика, интерстициальное давление, дисфункция перфузии и ограниченный перенос наркотиков влияют на метастатическое семя, общность, реактивацию, реконструкцию, боль и реакцию на лечение. Обычные two- размерные культуры и многие упрощенные three- размерные системы воспроизводят только отдельные особенности этой среды, часто п

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… Modeling pressure and flow Transport dynamics, including perfusion through the vascular porosity and interstitial fluid flow within the lacunar-canalicular system, are central to bone physiology and thus critically influence the bone metastatic niche by regulating nutrient/oxygen delivery, waste clearance … Architecture-aware design Architecture-aware design is necessary because bone metastasis is shaped not only by material composition but also by spatial patterning, porosity, tissue interfaces, and the route by which tumor cells encounter and invade mineralized matrix. …

Относительная эффективность аморфного силика, Малатиона и пиримифоза метила для контроля над ситофилом оризойе и триболием кастанеум и их долгосрочное воздействие на консервированный пшеницу в лабораторных условиях.

Относительная эффективность аморфной силикатной пыли, малатиона и пиримифоса метила была оценена по отношению к С. Оризае и Т. кастанему в пшенице, хранящейся в лабораторных условиях. На эффективность инсектицидов влияют такие физические свойства, как размер частиц, площадь поверхности, плотность навалом и способность к адсорбции масла/воды. Самая высокая токсичность, в частности Ваккер HDK H20 (ЛК50) 19.4 мг/100 g на 12% Влажность). Осадок силика, сипернат 22, хотя и менее мощным (LC50 = 46.6 мг/100 g) демонстрировала последовательную эффективность при различных уровнях влажности, делая ее по

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… Water adsorption isotherms on various silicas have been extensively studied to understand surface properties and porosity [ 29 ]. Figure 1 Water adsorption isotherm of various amorphous silicas used for bioassays. 3.5. …

MicroRNAs in Aseptic Loosening of Prosthesis: Pathophysiology and Potential Therapeutic Approaches.

OBJECTIVES: Aseptic loosening (AL) is one of the leading causes of total joint arthroplasty (TJA) revision. Discovering the roles of microRNAs (miRNA/miR) in ontogenesis and osteolysis has attracted more attention to diagnosing and treating bone disorders. This review aimed to summarize miRNA biogenesis and describe the involvement of miRNAs in AL of implants. METHODS: A detailed search was carried out on scientific search engines, including Google Scholar, Web of Science, and PubMed, to find appropriate papers related to subjects. The search process was performed using the following keywords

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… Moreover, treatment of animals with pre-miR-29a precursor significantly improved bone loss caused by glucocorticoid, whereas miR-29a deficiency enhanced osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, bone fragility, and cortical bone porosity. …

Может ли тренировка улучшить качество жизни и физические функции пациентов с множественными миеломами?: Обсуждение прогресса в обучении.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: В предыдущих исследованиях сообщалось об отсутствии каких-либо улучшений в качестве жизни или физической функции после тренировок у пациентов с множественной миеломой без четкого объяснения. Цель настоящего исследования заключалась в том, чтобы изучить последствия проведения тренировочной подготовки для этих результатов и определить, можно ли объяснить наблюдаемые результаты характеристиками учебной программы. МЕТОДЫ: Sixteen пациентам с множественными миеломами, прошедшим индукционную терапию первой линии, было поручено two группы. One группа2 мужчины, 6 женщины, 52.6 ±

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… Mechanical loading has been reported to decrease cortical porosity, increase cortical thickness, and enhance trabecular bone mass in the tibiae of mice with multiple myeloma [ 36 ]. …

The Mechanisms of Altered Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability in CD19 CAR T-Cell Recipients.

Cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are a highly effective immunotherapy for relapsed and refractory B-cell malignancies, but their utility can be limited by the development of immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). The recent discovery of CD19 expression on the pericytes in the blood-brain barrier (BBB) suggests an important off-target mechanism for ICANS development. In addition, the release of systemic cytokines stimulated by the engagement of CD19 with the CAR T cells can cause endothelial activation and decreased expression

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… Perforin increases the porosity of neoplastic B cells and granzyme influxes into neoplastic B cells to activate intracellular caspases, thereby initiating apoptosis [ 2 ]. …

Combined approach to treatment of advanced stages of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw patients.

INTRODUCTION: Increased incidence of localized osteonecrosis in the jaw bones caused by bisphosphanate use and reduced quality of life of the patients led researchers to diagnose the disease in the early period and to investigate the effective treatment modality. OBJECTIVE: Treatment of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw patients is based on individual protocols from clinical experience, as there are no definitive treatment guidelines. In view of the lack of consensus on the effectiveness of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw treatments in the literature, the aim of this stu

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… Because of the increased porosity, the necrotic bone is usually softer and is surrounded by sclerotic areas, which in turn are harder and less vascularized. …

Enhancing the Safety of Nanoparticles in Medicine: Highlights of Progress and Critical Objectives.

Nanoparticles have transformed drug delivery, imaging, vaccination, and precision therapeutics, but their clinical translation remains constrained by safety profiles that are inseparable from material design, biological identity, host factors, and manufacturing. This review critically evaluates recent progress, persistent limitations, and priority objectives for safer nanomedicine. Unlike reviews organized primarily by material class or isolated toxicology endpoints, we integrate physicochemical determinants, protein corona formation, immune recognition, organ disposition, preclinical models,

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… degradation, retention, and host response. 22 , 31 , 34 , 35 Silica-Based, Carbon-Based, and Hybrid Nanomaterials Silica-based nanomaterials, especially mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), occupy a distinctive niche in nanomedicine because they combine inorganic structural stability with highly tunable porosity … Toxicity depends on particle size, porosity, shape, silanol density, dose, route, and surface modification. …

Mobilizing stem cells and inhibition of autoimmunity synergistically modify autoimmune disease to relieve pain: a potential MRG-001 therapy for rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVES: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by persistent synovial inflammation, bone erosion, cartilage destruction, and debilitating pain. Current therapies often fall short in preventing structural damage and restoring immune balance. To address these limitations, we evaluated MRG-001 - a fixed-dose combination of plerixafor (AMD3100) and low-dose tacrolimus (FK506) with reported immunoregulatory and regenerative potential - in preclinical models of RA. METHODS: The therapeutic efficacy of MRG-001 was assessed in collagen-induced arthritis and collag

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… Elife 2022 ; 11 : e79773 . 35881544 10.7554/eLife.79773 PMC9365389 [40] Xue P , Zhang W , Shen M , Proton-activated chloride channel increases endplate porosity and pain in a mouse spine degeneration model . …