Результаты поиска

The potential value of cancer-testis antigens in ovarian cancer: Prognostic markers and targets for immunotherapy.

BackgroundTumor immunotherapy has become an important adjuvant therapy after surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. In recent years, the role of tumor-associated antigen (TAA) in tumor immunotherapy has become increasingly prominent. Cancer-testis antigen (CTA) is a kind of TAA that is highly restricted in a variety of tumors and can induce an immune response.AimsThis review article aimed to evaluate the role of CTA on the progression of ovarian cancer, its diagnostic efficacy, and the potential for immunotherapy.MethodsWe analyzed publications and outlined a comprehensive of overview the re

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… These CTA genes can lead to genomic instability by causing DNA damage, impeding DNA repair, and especially inhibiting proteins associated with homologous recombination (HR). HR defects, such as the classic BRCA1/2 gene mutation, are associated with an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancer. …

New insight into adiponectin role in obesity and obesity-related diseases.

Obesity is a major health problem strongly increasing the risk for various severe related complications such as metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory disorders, diabetic retinopathy, and cancer. Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ that produces biologically active molecules defined "adipocytokines," protein hormones with pleiotropic functions involved in the regulation of energy metabolism as well as in appetite, insulin sensitivity, inflammation, atherosclerosis, cell proliferation, and so forth. In obesity, fat accumulation causes dysregulation of adipokine production tha

Benefit and danger from immunotherapy in myasthenia gravis.

In the last years, significant advances have improved the knowledge of myasthenia gravis (MG) immunopathogenesis and have enabled to realize new molecules with a selective action targeting compounds of the immunological system. This review discusses emerging treatments for MG, including complement inhibitors, neonatal Fc receptor targeting agents, and B cell interfering drugs, focusing on benefit and danger. In the second section of the review, several related adverse events of immunotherapy, including MGonset, are debated.

Cardiomyopathy: pathogenesis and therapeutic interventions.

Cardiomyopathy is a group of disease characterized by structural and functional damage to the myocardium. The etiologies of cardiomyopathies are diverse, spanning from genetic mutations impacting fundamental myocardial functions to systemic disorders that result in widespread cardiac damage. Many specific gene mutations cause primary cardiomyopathy. Environmental factors and metabolic disorders may also lead to the occurrence of cardiomyopathy. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the current understanding of the pathogenesis of various cardiomyopathies, highlighting the molecular and

A Possible Role of Remdesivir and Plasma Therapy in the Selective Sweep and Emergence of New SARS-CoV-2 Variants.

Since summer 2020, SARS-CoV-2 strains at the origin of the COVID-19 pandemic have suddenly been replaced by new SARS-CoV-2 variants, some of which are highly transmissible and spread at a high rate. These variants include the Marseille-4 lineage (Nextclade 20A.EU2) in Europe, the 20I/501Y.V1 variant first detected in the UK, the 20H/501Y.V2 variant first detected in South Africa, and the 20J/501Y.V3 variant first detected in Brazil. These variants are characterized by multiple mutations in the viral spike protein that is targeted by neutralizing antibodies elicited in response to infection or

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… They harbor two characteristics [ 53 , 54 , 55 ]: a RdRp combined with a proofreading activity conferred by the Nsp14 exoribonuclease and a homologous recombination mechanism associated with replication. …

The B-cell-autoantibody axis in lung cancer immunity.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, and while immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) has transformed treatment, resistance remains a critical challenge. Beyond the T-cell-centric view, tumor-infiltrating B lymphocytes (TIL-Bs) and tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) have emerged as pivotal prognostic determinants; however, the mechanistic interplay within the B-cell-autoantibody axis remains underexplored. Unlike previous reviews that primarily catalogue B-cell abundance, this synthesis integrates emerging evidence from single-cell RNA sequencing

Concept of natural genome reconstruction.Part 5. Analysis of changes in the lifespan of old animals after reinfusion of bone marrow cells derived from old animals and treated with hDNAgr in combination with recombinant human angiogenin.

Two series of tests were performed, on mice and rats, to assess the lifespan of old animals reinfused with bone marrow cells from old animals treated with fragmented human DNA (hDNAgr), recombinant human angiogenin, and both preparations together. Animals reinfused with untreated bone marrow cells from old animals or bone marrow cells from young animals were used as comparison groups. Using both outbred mice and CBA/Lac mice, no significant increase in the lifespan of animals reinfused with bone marrow cells treated with the hDNAgr was found compared with the group of mice reinfused with untre

Мак-1 регулирует иммуноусилительное подавление конкретной стадии болезни через нитриковый путь в аутоиммунном заболевании.

Интегрин Мак-1 играет важнейшую роль в развитии множественного склероза (MS); однако лежащий в его основе механизм не в полной мере изучен. Здесь мы разработали мышь с миелоидной мышью Мак-1-дефицит. Используя экспериментальную аутоиммунную энцефаломиэлит (EAE) модель мыши MS, мы сообщаем, что Мак-1 на миелиоидных клетках является ключом к развитию болезней. Наши данные показывают, что миелиоидный Мак-1 значительно повышает интенсивность EAE и затрудняет регрессию заболеваний. Потеря Mac-1 увеличивает количество клеток Gr-1+ в периферийных тканях и CNS и предпочтительно ускоряет переход моноци

Advances in Peptidomimetics for Next-Generation Therapeutics: Strategies, Modifications, and Applications.

Over the past two decades, peptide drug discovery has experienced a remarkable renaissance, with organic chemistry and biotechnology emerging as pivotal tools for developing peptidomimetics that exhibit improved stability, specificity, and bioavailability compared to conventional peptides. This review systematically examines methodologies for modifying peptide backbones to achieve targeted properties, highlighting recent advances facilitated by modern biotechnological innovations for novel molecular transformations. Additionally, the review emphasizes the practical applications of peptides and

" Nucleolus in Human Beasons: Ribosome Biogenesis " , " Nucleolar Survey " и " Terrapeutic Opportunities " .

Nucleolus превратился в динамичную и многофункциональную субядерную органилию, интегрирующую рибосомный биогенез с клеточным ростом и сигнализацией стресса. Регулирование нуклеолярной функции все чаще признается в качестве главного движителя человеческих заболеваний, связывающего изменённое рибосомное производство и нуклеолярное наблюдение с раком, рибосомопатиями, синдромами преждевременного старения, нейродегенерацией и иммунными расстройствами. В этом обзоре мы интегрируем структурные, молекулярные и болезнетворные перспективы нуклеолярной биологии для определения того, как рипосомный биоге

Breathing new life into T-cell receptor-engineered T-cell therapy in solid tumors: enhancing strategies to expand the universality of precision therapy.

Adoptive T-cell transfer therapy (ACT) has significantly propelled the advancement of tumor immunotherapy. Among various strategies targeting solid tumors, the T-cell receptor (TCR)-engineered T-cell (TCR-T cell) therapy has emerged as a highly promising approach, exhibiting an expanded therapeutic window across diverse patient populations and superior tumoricidal activity in certain solid malignancies compared with chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) and tumor-infiltrating T cells/lymphocyte (TIL) therapies. However, its clinical efficacy remains constrained. In this paper, we introduce

Targeting phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase pathway for the treatment of Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms.

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are a diverse group of chronic hematological disorders that involve unregulated clonal proliferation of white blood cells. Sevearl of them are associated with mutations in receptor tyrosine kinases or cytokine receptor associated tyrosine kinases rendering them independent of cytokine-mediated regulation. Classically they have been broadly divided into BCR-ABL1 fusion + ve (Ph + ve) or -ve (Ph-ve) MPNs. Identification of BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase as a driver of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and successful application of small molecule inhibitors of the tyrosi

Biomimetic materials for medical applications.

AbstractRecent advances in biomedical research have facilitated the exploration of biomimetic materials and their potential for diagnosing and treating diseases. This review synthesizes reports of recent research into biomimetic materials and provides a focused analysis of their therapeutic and diagnostic efficacy across multiple physiological systems, including the locomotor, digestive, respiratory, urinary, endocrine, nervous, integumentary, hematopoietic, and circulatory systems. These findings highlight the transformative potential of these materials in the management of systemic diseases.

Molecular and cellular mechanisms of aging in hematopoietic stem cells and their niches.

Aging drives the genetic and epigenetic changes that result in a decline in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) functioning. Such changes lead to aging-related hematopoietic/immune impairments and hematopoietic disorders. Understanding how such changes are initiated and how they progress will help in the development of medications that could improve the quality life for the elderly and to treat and possibly prevent aging-related hematopoietic diseases. Here, we review the most recent advances in research into HSC aging and discuss the role of HSC-intrinsic events, as well as those that relate to the

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… DNA damage and genetic mutations in aging HSCs Compared to proliferative progenitors which use an error-free homologous recombination (HR) pathway for DNA damage repair, quiescent HSCs are particularly vulnerable to DNA damage due to their preferential use of the error-prone non-homologous end joining … Abbreviations Age-associated senescent B cell Adrenergic receptor Balanced-HSC Bone marrow DNA methylated region Endothelial cell EC-stem cell Erythromyeloid progenitor Functional HSC Homologous recombination Hematopoietic regenerative capacity Hematopoietic stem cell Lineage − Sca1 + c-Kit …

Road testing new CAR design strategies in multiple myeloma.

A deeper understanding of basic immunology principles and advances in bioengineering have accelerated the mass production of genetically-reprogrammed T-cells as living drugs to treat human diseases. Autologous and allogeneic cytotoxic T-cells have been weaponized to brandish MHC-independent chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) that specifically engage antigenic regions on tumor cells. Two distinct CAR-based therapeutics designed to target BCMA are now FDA-approved based upon robust, sustained responses in heavily-pretreated multiple myeloma (MM) patients enrolled on the KarMMa and CARTITUDE-1 stud

The Role of Natural Killer Cells in Soft Tissue Sarcoma: Prospects for Immunotherapy.

Soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) represent about 80% of sarcomas, and are a heterogeneous group of rare and malignant tumors. STS arise from mesenchymal tissues and can grow into structures such as adipose tissue, muscles, nervous tissue and blood vessels. Morphological evaluation has been the standard model for the diagnosis of sarcomas, and even in samples with similar characteristics, they present a diversity in cytogenetic and genetic sequence alterations, which further increases the diversity of sarcomas. This variety is one of the main challenges for the classification and understanding of STS

Salvage therapies in relapsed and/or refractory myeloma: what is current and what is the future?

The treatment landscape for multiple myeloma (MM) is evolving with our understanding of its pathophysiology. However, given the inevitable cohort heterogeneity in salvage therapy, response to treatment and overall prognoses tend to vary widely, making meaningful conclusions about treatment efficacy difficult to derive. Despite the hurdles in current research, progress is underway toward more targeted therapeutic approaches. Several new drugs with novel mechanism of action and less toxic profile have been developed in the past decade, with the potential for use as single agents or in synergy wi

Advanced Diagnostic Techniques

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

Neutropenic events associated with new anticancer treatments, from pathophysiology to practice: a scoping review-NEW Group (Neutropenic Events Working Group).

INTRODUCTION: New anticancer agents are increasingly being prescribed, either in combination or as a replacement or maintenance therapy after conventional chemotherapy. Although they present certain previously unknown complications, they are also responsible for more classic hematological toxicities, such as neutropenia. Unlike conventional chemotherapy, the comprehension and management of NAN (Neutropenia Associated with Novel anticancer agent) is currently poorly codified and understood. METHODS: A literature scoping review was conducted by the NEW Group (Neutropenic Events multidisciplinar

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… In the presence of PARP inhibitors (PARPi), the PARP1 enzyme is trapped on damaged DNA, preventing this repair process and forcing the cell to recruit other repair mechanisms (such as homologous recombination—HR) to get round this blockage. … Clonal hematopoiesis is known to increase both with the exposure to agents interfering with homologous recombination [ 141 ] (like chemotherapy, or poly ADP ribose polymerase inhibitors) and age [ 142 ] and eventually leads to myelodysplasia and acute myeloid leukemia [ 143 ], leading the geriatric oncology …

Targeted therapies in pediatric oncology: A start.

The treatment of cancers was revolutionized by the use of combination "conventional" chemotherapy, first in children, during the 20th century. That foundation of therapy, while having achieved significant advances in survival, has reached its limits. Innovations in targeted therapies are now building upon that foundation to further improve outcomes in pediatric oncology. These targeted agents are designed to narrowly utilize specific biologic processes for greater efficacy and optimally fewer generalized toxicities. I will provide an overview of the current spectrum of targeted therapies avail