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Phyllanthus emblica leaf extract ameliorates testicular damage in rats with chronic stress.

Stress affects the male reproductive system and can cause sub-fertility or infertility. Although Phyllanthus emblica L. (PE) extract has been shown to have high antioxidant capacity and protective properties in damaged tissue, the preventive effects of PE extract on testicular function from stress-related impairment have never been demonstrated. This study aimed to investigate the effects of PE aqueous leaf extract on testicular impairment and protein marker changes in rats suffering from chronic stress. Adult male rats were divided into four groups: a control group, a chronic stress (CS) grou

Expression of Hsp60 and Grp78 in the human endometrium and oviduct, and their effect on sperm functions.

BACKGROUND: Within the female genital tract, spermatozoa undergo a series of membranous and intracellular transformations to become competent at fertilizing the oocyte. In the bovine, previous studies have shown that two oviductal proteins, heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60) and glucose regulated protein 78 (Grp78), bind to spermatozoa and may be involved in this acquisition of fertilizing competence. METHODS: Immunohistochemical studies were performed on human endometrial and oviduct tissues to localize these two chaperones in the female genital tract. Human spermatozoa were incubated under capac

Testicular cancer and Hodgkin's disease: evaluation of semen quality.

BACKGROUND: The aim of our study was to establish whether there is a difference in semen quality between patients with testicular cancer (TC) and Hodgkin's disease (HD). METHODS: We evaluated 342 patients affected by TC (n = 232) or HD (n = 110) who cryobanked sperm before initiating chemo- or radiotherapy. All TC patients were evaluated approximately 1 month after orchidectomy. RESULTS: A total of 14 patients were azoospermic or cryptozoospermic. In the TC group (n = 222) the mean of the semen parameters was normal according to the World Health Organization (1992). However, dividing the cas

Decoding bull fertility in vitro: a proteomics exploration from sperm to blastocyst.

IN BRIEF: Bulls are selected for field fertility and semen quality, but traits such as polyspermy are not considered and can increase aneuploidy during in vitro embryo production. This study links bull-specific proteomic signatures to polyspermy and embryo quality, further refining bull selection criteria. ABSTRACT: Male fertility plays a pivotal role in the success rates of in vitro embryo production. While livestock breeding programs rigorously select bulls according to their predicted field fertility, specific traits such as polyspermy rates are not routinely evaluated. Despite the known n

Methyl β-Cyclodextrin-sperm-mediated gene editing (MBCD-SMGE): a simple and efficient method for targeted mutant mouse production.

BACKGROUND: Generating targeted mutant mice is a crucial technology in biomedical research. This study focuses on optimizing the CRISPR/Cas9 system uptake into sperm cells using the methyl β-cyclodextrin-sperm-mediated gene transfer (MBCD-SMGT) technique to generate targeted mutant blastocysts and mice efficiently. Additionally, the present study elucidates the roles of cholesterol and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the exogenous DNA uptake by sperm. RESULTS: In this study, B6D2F1 mouse sperm were incubated in the c-TYH medium with different concentrations of MBCD (0, 0.75, 1, and 2 mM) in

Estrogen sulfotransferase is highly expressed along the bovine epididymis and is secreted into the intraluminal environment.

Estrogen is found in high concentrations in the excurrent duct, where it regulates the expression of genes involved in water reabsorption. Estrogen sulfotransferase (EST) is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes specific sulfonation with a high affinity for estrogens. Because sulfated estrogens do not bind to estrogen receptors, they are considered to be hormonally inactive. EST may thus determine where along the male tract estrogenic environment predominates. Sulfotransferase activity increases along the epididymis and may also play a role in sperm physiology during the epididymal transit. Using

Comparative Analysis of ACTL7A Expression, Localization, and Sperm Functional Parameters in Fertile and Infertile Men: A Case-Control Study.

OBJECTIVE: Testis-specific actin-like 7A (ACTL7A) is an acrosome/perinuclear-theca-related protein implicated in male infertility. In this exploratory study, we assessed ACTL7A transcript levels in a clinical assisted reproductive technology (ART) setting and performed preliminary protein-level validation in a subset of samples, together with sperm chromatin integrity assays, to clarify potential associations with sperm quality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For this preliminary case-control study, twenty-seven men were included: 11 infertile intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) candidates and 16

Polystyrene nanoplastics disrupt epididymal initial segment by perturbing NK cell differentiation and epithelial homeostasis.

Spermatozoa exit the testis in an immotile and immature state, and obtain motility and maturity in the epididymis with the most abundant fun … 0.19 vs. 6.35 ± 0.14 vs. 6.57 ± 0.23 vs. 6.70 ± 0.24, respectively; P < 0.001), downregulated sperm acrosome reaction (Control vs. low vs. medium vs. high group, 42.67 ± 4.62% vs. 36.38 ± 4.04% vs. 28.07 ± 3.46% vs. 17.69 ± 2.52%, respectively; P < 0.05), and reduced sperm motility (Control vs. low vs. medium vs. high group, 83.08 ± 4.02% vs. 76.33 ± 2.08% vs. 70.6 …

Specific expression of alternatively spliced genes in the turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) reproductive tract revealed their function in spermatogenesis and post-testicular sperm maturation.

The tissue-specific profile of alternatively spliced genes (ASGs) and their involvement in reproduction processes characteristic of turkey testis, epididymis, and ductus deferens were investigated for the first time in birds. Deep sequencing of male turkey reproductive tissue RNA samples (n = 6) was performed using Illumina RNA-Seq with 2 independent methods, rMATs and SUPPA2, for differential alternative splicing (DAS) event prediction. The expression of selected ASGs was validated using quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The testis was found to be the sit

Evaluation of antioxidant capacity and reproductive toxicity of aqueous extract of Thai Mucuna pruriens seeds.

OBJECTIVE: In traditional medicine, the seeds of Thai Mucuna pruriens (T-MP) are used to treat male dysuria and are believed to enhance fert … conducted using Masson's trichrome staining. Sperm parameters, including concentration, morphology, acrosome reaction status and DNA damage, were also examined. Expression of tyrosine phosphorylated protein (TyrPho), androgen receptor and A-kinase-anchoring protein 4 (AKAP4) were investigated using the Western blot technique. RESULTS: T-MP seed extract contained p …

Deficiency of TPPP2, a factor linked to oligoasthenozoospermia, causes subfertility in male mice.

Oligoasthenozoospermia is a major cause of male infertility; however, its etiology and pathogenesis are unclear and may be associated with specific gene abnormalities. This study focused on Tppp2 (tubulin polymerization promoting protein family member 2), whose encoded protein localizes in elongating spermatids at stages IV-VIII of the seminiferous epithelial cycle in testis and in mature sperm in the epididymis. In human and mouse sperm, in vitro inhibition of TPPP2 caused significantly decreased motility and ATP content. Studies on Tppp2 knockout (KO) mice demonstrated that deletion of TPPP2

Reduction of spermatogenesis but not fertility in Creb3l4-deficient mice.

Creb3l4 belongs to the CREB/ATF family of transcription factors that are involved in mediating transcription in response to intracellular signaling. This study shows that Creb3l4 is expressed at low levels in all organs and in different stages of embryogenesis but is present at very high levels in the testis, particularly in postmeiotic male germ cells. In contrast to CREB3L4 in the human prostate, of which specific expression was detected, Creb3l4 transcripts in the mouse prostate could be detected only by RT-PCR. To identify the physiological function of Creb3l4, the murine gene was inactiva

Different signaling pathways in bovine sperm regulate capacitation and hyperactivation.

Hyperactivated sperm motility is characterized by high-amplitude and asymmetrical flagellar beating that assists sperm in penetrating the oocyte zona pellucida. Other functional changes in sperm, such as activation of motility and capacitation, involve cross talk between the cAMP/PKA and tyrosine kinase/phosphatase signaling pathways. Our objective was to determine the role of the cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway in hyperactivation. Western blot analyses of detergent extracts of whole sperm and flagella were performed using antiphosphotyrosine antibody. Bull sperm capacitated by 1

Zona pellucida induces activation of phospholipase A2 during acrosomal exocytosis in guinea pig spermatozoa.

Phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) is activated in spermatozoa in response to progesterone and Ca(2+) ionophores, but to our knowledge, no study has yet reported zona pellucida (ZP)-induced activation of PLA(2). We investigated whether PLA(2) is involved in ZP-stimulated acrosomal exocytosis, if Ca(2+) is required for activation of PLA(2), and signal transduction pathways modulating PLA(2) using guinea pig sperm as a model. Spermatozoa were capacitated and labeled in low-Ca(2+) medium with [(14)C]choline chloride or [(14)C]arachidonic acid and were then exposed to millimolar Ca(2+) and various reagen

Sperm surface protein disulfide isomerase ERp57 is crucial for mammalian fertilization but functions independently of IZUMO1.

BACKGROUND: Human fertilization requires fusion of spermatozoon and oocyte membranes to form a diploid zygote, beginning with adhesion media … in vivo and in vitro. ERp57 localizes to the equatorial segment of human spermatozoa following the acrosome reaction, consistent with a role in gamete interaction. However, ERp57-deficient spermatozoa fail to accumulate in the perivitelline space, pointing to a role upstream of membrane fusion. Additionally, ERp57 neither promotes IZUMO1 dimerization nor facilitat …

Modulation of sperm function by estrogen and progesterone using in vitro experiments: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: The steroid hormones progesterone (P4) and Estrogen (E2) are essential for reproduction in both male and female mammals. Steroid … ction. In sperm-OECs co-cultures, P4 consistently promoted sperm hyperactivation, capacitation, and acrosome reaction (AR) via CatSper channel mechanisms, facilitating sperm release from OECs. Contrastingly, E2 delayed capacitation while enhancing sperm binding to the OECs. Similarly, supplementation of P4 in culture media alone without OECs induced sperm AR and ca …

Роль инфекций и лейкоцитов в бесплодии мужчин.

Бесплодие мужчин рассматривается как многофакторное сложное репродуктивное заболевание, а врожденная инфекция и воспаление мужского пола являются важнейшими этиологами, на долю которых приходится до 35% всех случаев. Спровоцированные главным образом болезнями, передаваемыми половым путем, и уропатагенами, хронические проявления такой инфекции могут привести к необратимому бесплодию у мужчин. Мужская врожденная инфекция связана с бактериальными, вирусными, протозолирующими и грибковыми инфекциями, многие из которых остаются асимптоматическими в большинстве случаев и передаются половому партнеру

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Male infertility is considered as a multifactorial complex reproductive illness, and male urogenital infection and inflammation are crucial … s contribute to the impairment of male fertility parameters such as, sperm motility, DNA integrity, acrosome reaction, and damage sperm molecular structure. Pathophysiology of bacteriospermia-induced impairment of male infertility is probably mediated by the involvement of bacterial pathogens in the intrinsic apoptotic pathway resulting in sperm death, whereas that …

Essential role of germ cell glycerol-3-phosphate phosphatase for sperm health, oxidative stress control and male fertility in mice.

OBJECTIVES: Obesity, diabetes and high-calorie diets are associated with defective sperm function and lowered male fertility. Mature spermatozoa primarily use fructose and glucose, and glucose and glycerol metabolism are important for sperm function. We recently discovered a novel mammalian enzyme, glycerol-3-phosphate (Gro3P) phosphatase (G3PP), and showed that it operates the glycerol shunt by hydrolyzing Gro3P to glycerol, and regulates glucose, lipid and energy metabolism in pancreatic β-cells and liver. We now observed that G3PP expression is the highest in the testis and spermatozoa, and

Effects of caffeine on sperm characteristics after thawing and inflammatory response in the uterus after artificial insemination with frozen-thawed boar semen.

We previously reported that AI with frozen-thawed boar semen supplemented with caffeine increased the number of uterine sperm by inhibiting migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) into the uterine lumen, and also improved fertility of gilts and sows. The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of the addition of caffeine to a thawing solution on postthaw sperm quality and uterine inflammatory response after AI with frozen-thawed boar semen. Incubation of frozen-thawed sperm in Modena solution supplemented with 10 mM caffeine for 90 minutes improved (P < 0.05) perce

Exposure to trichloroethylene and its metabolites causes impairment of sperm fertilizing ability in mice.

Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a prevalent occupational and environmental contaminant that has been reported to cause a variety of toxic effects. Here, we have undertaken studies to test the hypothesis that TCE exposure adversely affects sperm function and fertilization. Sperm retrieved from mice exposed to TCE (1000 ppm) by inhalation for 1 to 6 weeks were incubated in vitro with eggs isolated from superovulated female mice. The number of sperm bound per egg was significantly decreased when mice were exposed to TCE for 2 and 6 weeks but not at exposures of 1 and 4 weeks. In vivo fertilization was