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High Serum miR-361-3p Predicts Early Postdischarge Infections after Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation.

BackgroundAutologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) is currently the backbone of the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) and relapsed and refractory lymphomas. Notably, infections contribute to over 25% of fatalities among AHSCT recipients within the initial 100 days following the procedure. In this study, we aimed to evaluate three selected miRNAs: hsa-miR-155-5p, hsa-miR-320c, and hsa-miR-361-3p, in identifying AHSCT recipients at high risk of infectious events up to 100 days post-transplantation after discharge.Materials and methodsThe study group consisted of 58 patients (4

Assessing Cachexia Acutely after Autologous Stem Cell Transplant.

Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHCT) is an accepted strategy for various hematologic malignancies that can lead to functional impairment, fatigue, muscle wasting, and reduced quality of life (QOL). In cancer cachexia, these symptoms are associated with inflammation, hypermetabolism, and decreased anabolic hormones. The relative significance of these factors soon after AHCT setting is unclear. The purpose of this study was to characterize the acute effects of AHCT on physical function, body composition, QOL, energy expenditure, cytokines, and testosterone. Outcomes were ass

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… Veterans and Agent Orange: Update 2014. Mil. Med. 2017;182:1619–1620. doi: 10.7205/MILMED-D-17-00130. 13. Zullig L.L., Sims K.J., McNeil R., Williams C.D., Jackson G.L., Provenzale D., Kelley M.J. Cancer Incidence Among Patients of the U.S. Veterans Affairs Health Care System: 2010 Update. Mil. …

Humanistic Health Management and Cancer: Associations of Psychology, Nutrition, and Exercise with Cancer Progression and Pathogenesis.

The incidence rate of cancer is increasing year by year due to the aging of the population, unhealthy living, and eating habits. At present, surgery and medication are still the main treatments for cancer, without paying attention to the impact of individual differences in health management on cancer. However, increasing evidence suggests that individual psychological status, dietary habits, and exercise frequency are closely related to the risk and prognosis of cancer. The reminder to humanity is that the medical concept of the unified treatment plan is insufficient in cancer treatment, and a

Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Multiple Myeloma: Their Role as Active Contributors to Myeloma Progression.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy of plasma cells that proliferate and accumulate within the bone marrow (BM). Work from many groups has made evident that the complex microenvironment of the BM plays a crucial role in myeloma progression and response to therapeutic agents. Within the cellular components of the BM, we will specifically focus on mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which are known to interact with myeloma cells and the other components of the BM through cell to cell, soluble factors and, as more recently evidenced, through extracellular vesicles. Multiple structur

Comprehensive Review of Cyclamen: Development, Bioactive Properties, and Therapeutic Applications.

Plants are being researched as potential sources of novel drugs, which has led to a recent acceleration in the discovery of new bioactive compounds. Research on tissue culture technology for the synthesis and processing of plant compounds has skyrocketed, surpassing all expectations. These plants can be bought either raw or as extracts, where some of the chemicals are extracted by mashing the plant in water, alcohol, or another solvent. The use of herbal medicine may open new chances for reducing the onset of infections and treating different diseases including cancer. A perennial plant that b

Availability, price and affordability of anticancer medicines in Jiangsu Province, China: a cross-sectional survey study.

BackgroundTo evaluate anticancer medicines' availability, price and affordability in nine prefecture-level cities, Jiangsu Province.MethodsBased on the standard methods recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Health Action International (HAI), a cross-sectional survey was performed to collect information about 24 essential anticancer medicines (EAMs) and 17 innovative anticancer medicines (IAMs) in hospitals and 45 community pharmacies in Jiangsu Province from July to November 2021.ResultsIn general, the availability of EAMs during the study period was higher than that of IA

Immunodeficiencies in Adults: Key Considerations for Diagnosis and Management.

Immunodeficiencies in adults are increasingly recognized yet often remain underdiagnosed, leading to significant morbidity from recurrent infections, autoimmunity, and malignancy. Both primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs), now known as inborn errors of immunity (IEI), and secondary immunodeficiencies (SIDs) contribute to immune dysfunction in adults. Although SIDs are more common in adults due to factors like medications, malignancies, metabolic disorders, chronic conditions, and protein-losing conditions, IEI-particularly common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)-can also manifest in adulthood wit

Should treatment of hypogammaglobulinemia with immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT) become standard of care in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia?

Hypogammaglobulinemia (HGG) is a frequent finding in patients with hematological malignancies, and is commonly described in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) before or after treatment. We reviewed published literature available online in the last thirty years through Medline search of indexed articles focusing on the main differences and advantages of the products now available on the market, namely intravenous Ig (IVIg) and subcutaneous Ig (SCIg) preparations. IgRT is effective and safe in the prophylaxis of infections in a selected group of patients with CLL and hypogammaglobulinemia and is

Dysregulation of sphingolipid metabolism contributes to bortezomib-induced neuropathic pain.

The development of chemotherapy-induced painful peripheral neuropathy is a major dose-limiting side effect of many chemotherapeutics, including bortezomib, but the mechanisms remain poorly understood. We now report that bortezomib causes the dysregulation of de novo sphingolipid metabolism in the spinal cord dorsal horn to increase the levels of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor 1 (S1PR1) ligands, S1P and dihydro-S1P. Accordingly, genetic and pharmacological disruption of S1PR1 with multiple S1PR1 antagonists, including FTY720, blocked and reversed neuropathic pain. Mice with astrocyte-sp

Polyphenols: Chemoprevention and therapeutic potentials in hematological malignancies.

Polyphenols are one of the largest plant-derived natural product and they play an important role in plants' defense as well as in human health and disease. A number of them are pleiotropic molecules and have been shown to regulate signaling pathways, immune response and cell growth and proliferation which all play a role in cancer development. Hematological malignancies on the other hand, are cancers of the blood. While current therapies are efficacious, they are usually expensive and with unwanted side effects. Thus, the search for newer less toxic agents. Polyphenols have been reported to po

Множественная миелома и вторичный иммунодефицит: Ретроспективный анализ базы данных для оценки бремени, связанного с инфекциями и формами лечения.

Пациенты с множественной миеломой (ММ) и вторичным иммунодефицитом (СИД) подвергаются риску связанной с инфекцией заболеваемости и смертности в связи с процессом заболевания и его токсичностью для лечения. В этом ретроспективном когортном исследовании использовались анонимные данные из базы данных Optum-Humedica (октябрь) 2015-March 2020) для оценки бремени инфекции у пациентов с MM и SID в сравнении с пациентами без SID. Взрослые пациенты ≥ 18 Годы с подтвержденным MM были присвоены SID, и когорты без SID с использованием алгоритма с учетом уровней сыворотки IgG p p p p = 0.446). Что касается

Management of bone metastasis with zoledronic acid: A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: While considered the mainstay of treatment for specific bone metastases, ZA is used predominantly to treat osteolytic lesions. The purpose of this network meta-analysis is to compare ZA to other treatment options in its ability to improve specific clinical outcomes in patients with bone metastases secondary to any primary tumor. METHODS: PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were systematically searched from inception to May 5th, 2022. Keywords used were solid tumor, lung neoplasm, kidney neoplasm, breast neoplasm, prostate neoplasm, ZA and bone metastasis. Every randomized controlled

The Potential Role of Sildenafil in Cancer Management through EPR Augmentation.

Enhanced permeation retention (EPR) was a significant milestone discovery by Maeda et al. paving the path for the emerging field of nanomedicine to become a powerful tool in the fight against cancer. Sildenafil is a potent inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE-5) used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) through the relaxation of smooth muscles and the modulation of vascular endothelial permeability. Overexpression of PDE-5 has been reported in lung, colon, metastatic breast cancers, and bladder squamous carcinoma. Moreover, sildenafil has been reported to increase the sensitivity of

New agents in the Treatment of Myeloma Bone Disease.

Patients with multiple myeloma develop a devastating bone disease driven by the uncoupling of bone remodelling, excess osteoclastic bone resorption and diminished osteoblastic bone formation. The bone phenotype is typified by focal osteolytic lesions leading to pathological fractures, hypercalcaemia and other catastrophic bone events such as spinal cord compression. This causes bone pain, impaired functional status, decreased quality of life and increased mortality. Early in the disease, malignant plasma cells occupy a niche environment that encompasses their interaction with other key cellula

Indication Expansion Dynamics and Trial Characteristics of Novel Multi-Indication Anti-Cancer Drugs in China (2000-2024): A Cross-Sectional Study.

PurposeTo perform a cross-sectional analysis of the indication expansion trends and pivotal trial features of novel multi-indication anti-cancer drugs approved in China from 2000 to 2024.MethodsWe conducted a cross‑sectional review of 74 novel multi-indication anti-cancer drugs approved by the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) in China from 2000 to 2024, encompassing 265 total indications. Data were collected from multiple sources, including the NMPA, the Center for Drug Evaluation (CDE) of the NMPA, the National Healthcare Security Administration (NHSA), ClinicalTrials.gov, and

HIV-1 matrix protein p17 misfolding forms toxic amyloidogenic assemblies that induce neurocognitive disorders.

Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1)-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) remains an important neurological manifestation that adversely affects a patient's quality of life. HIV-1 matrix protein p17 (p17) has been detected in autoptic brain tissue of HAND individuals who presented early with severe AIDS encephalopathy. We hypothesised that the ability of p17 to misfold may result in the generation of toxic assemblies in the brain and may be relevant for HAND pathogenesis. A multidisciplinary integrated approach has been applied to determine the ability of p17 to form soluble amyloi

Longitudinal profiling of serum ADAM17 across clinical stages in multiple myeloma: a dynamic biomarker and its association with T cell alterations.

BackgroundMultiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematologic malignancy in adults. Owing to marked heterogeneity in pathogenesis, clinical presentation and prognosis, the 5-year survival rate remains approximately 50%. Robust and clinically actionable biomarkers are therefore urgently needed to refine risk stratification, guide therapeutic decisions and improve prognostic accuracy. ADAM17 (A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase-17) plays a pivotal role in inflammation, tissue homeostasis and tumorigenesis. Although the research in MM was limited, the existing evidence suggests that ADAM1

Recent Advances of Immune Checkpoint Inhibition and Potential for (Combined) TIGIT Blockade as a New Strategy for Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma.

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a fatal cancer type that affects the membranes lining the lungs, and is causally associated with asbestos exposure. Until recently, the first-line treatment consisted of a combination of chemotherapeutics that only had a limited impact on survival, and had not been improved in decades. With the recent approval of combined immune checkpoint inhibition for MPM, promising new immunotherapeutic strategies are now emerging for this disease. In this review, we describe the current preclinical and clinical evidence of various immune checkpoint inhibitors in MPM

Anticancer Activities of Novel Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase Inhibitors in Hematological Malignancies.

Targeting cancer cells that are highly dependent on the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) metabolite is a promising therapeutic strategy. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is the rate-limiting enzyme catalyzing NAD+ production. Despite the high efficacy of several developed NAMPT inhibitors (i.e., FK866 (APO866)) in preclinical studies, their clinical activity was proven to be limited. Here, we report the synthesis of new NAMPT Inhibitors, JJ08, FEI191 and FEI199, which exhibit a broad anticancer activity in vitro. Results show that these compounds are potent NAMPT inhibito

The chemokines CXCL8 and CXCL12: molecular and functional properties, role in disease and efforts towards pharmacological intervention.

Chemokines are an indispensable component of our immune system through the regulation of directional migration and activation of leukocytes. CXCL8 is the most potent human neutrophil-attracting chemokine and plays crucial roles in the response to infection and tissue injury. CXCL8 activity inherently depends on interaction with the human CXC chemokine receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2, the atypical chemokine receptor ACKR1, and glycosaminoglycans. Furthermore, (hetero)dimerization and tight regulation of transcription and translation, as well as post-translational modifications further fine-tune the s