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Bacterial and host factors involved in zoonotic Streptococcal meningitis.

Zoonotic streptococci cause several invasive diseases with high mortality rates, especially meningitis. Numerous studies elucidated the meni … five major zoonotic streptococci responsible for causing meningitis in humans or animals, including Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus, Streptococcus suis, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, and Streptococcus iniae. The underlying mechanism was summarized into four themes, including 1) bacterial survival in blood, 2) brain microvascular endothe …

Comparative study of culture, next-generation sequencing, and immunoassay for identification of pathogen in diabetic foot ulcer.

Treatment of deep musculoskeletal infection (MSKI) begins with accurate identification of the offending pathogen, surgical excision/debridem … quencing (NGS), and immunoassay for newly synthesized antibodies (NSA) to Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae for diagnosis. This is a level II prospective observational study approved by our IRB. Thirty patients > 18 years of age who presented with a DFI and underwent surgical debridement or amputation by a single academic orthopedic surgeon from October 2 …

Etiological agents of dairy cows' mastitis in western part of Poland.

The purpose of the study was to determine the etiological mastitis agents in cows from herds located in the western part of Poland in years 2003-2005. Bacteriological examinations of 18,713 samples taken from California Mastitis Test (CMT) positive quarters were performed according to standard methods. Some Gram-negative bacilli and Gram-positive cocci were examined with the use of API tests (Analytical Profile Index). It was found that 32.7% of samples that were CMT positive were culture negative and 9.3% of samples were contaminated. Streptococcus species (15.7%), coagulase negative staphylo

Evaluation of an extended diagnostic PCR assay for detection and verification of the common causes of bacterial meningitis in CSF and other biological samples.

A seminested polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based diagnostic assay was evaluated for detection and verification of Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Steptococcus agalactiae and Listeria monocytogenes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and other biological samples. A general bacterial amplicon from the 16S rRNA gene was amplified in a first step, and species-specific regions in a second. The detection level was 4 fg DNA/reaction, corresponding to about one bacterial genome per reaction tube. Sample preparations (Dynabeads DNA DIRECT kit) were assayed from 140

Complications associated with Streptococcus equi infection on a horse farm.

Complications associated with Streptococcus equi infection developed in 15 (20.3%) of 74 horses on one farm included death, guttural pouch empyema, purpura hemorrhagica, upper respiratory tract obstruction, pneumonia, pleuropneumonia, agalactia, mesenteric lymph node abscessation, and periorbital abscessation. Death was attributed to pneumonia in 3 horses and to upper respiratory tract obstruction in 2 horses. One horse was euthanatized because of severe purpura hemorrhagica.

Molecular cloning, expression analysis and functional characterization of NEDD4 from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).

Neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated gene 4 (NEDD4) was a member of HECT E3 ubiquitin ligases, which participated in various biological processes. In this study, a NEDD4 was identified and analyzed in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (OnNEDD4) and its open reading frame was 2781 bp, encoding 926 amino acids. Three conserved structure features were found in OnNEDD4, including C2 domain, WW domains and HECT domain. OnNEDD4 was constitutively expressed in all examined tissues and the highest expression level was observed in thymus. After Streptococcus agalactiae stimul…

[Endocarditis caused by group B streptococci in adults].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate clinical characteristics, treatment and outcome of group B streptococcal endocarditis in nonpregnant adults. METHODS: We included all cases of Streptococcus agalactiae endocarditis diagnosed according to the Duke criteria between 1980 and 1994 in a 1000-bed university hospital, where a prospective surveillance of all cases of bacteremia is regularly performed. RESULTS: There were 9 episodes of S. agalactiae endocarditis, that account for the 10.5% of 85 bacteremia caused by this organism and 2.6% of 336 infectious endocarditis (in non-drug abusers) during the study per…

[Microbial etiology of the MMA syndrome (mastitis-metritis-agalactia) in swine raised commercially].

A total of 147 uterine-cervical exudates and milk samples from 165 lobes of the mammary gland of sows with clinical symptoms of mastitis-metritis-agalactia (MMA) were studied microbiologically. It was found that greatest was the share of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus organisms taking part in the microbial etiology of the syndrome. Second ranked Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Corynebacterium pyogenes along with some aerobic sporulating bacilli.

Identification and characterization of C1 inhibitor in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in response to pathogenic bacteria.

C1 inhibitor (C1INH) is a multi-functional serine protease inhibitor in plasmatic cascades, not only inactivating various proteases, but als … g spleen, kidney, blood and heart. After the in vivo challenges of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Streptococcus agalactiae, the expression of OnC1INH was significantly up-regulated in liver and spleen at the late phase, which was confirmed at the protein level with immunohistochemical analysis. The up-regulation of OnC1INH expression was also demonstrated in head kidney …

Epidemiology and Outcomes of Culture-proven Neonatal Meningitis in Australian Tertiary Hospitals: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.

We conducted a 5-year multicenter, retrospective cohort study to describe bacterial meningitis in Australian infants (0-180 days). Of 21 culture-positive infections, Streptococcus agalactiae (29%, 6/21), Staphylococcus aureus (19%, 4/21) and Escherichia coli (19%, 4/21) predominated. Four infants died (19%), including 3 with neurosurgical meningitis. In survivors, neurologic sequelae were common. Novel interventions to reduce the morbidity and mortality burden caused by neonatal meningitis are needed.

Group B Streptococcus: Virulence Factors and Pathogenic Mechanism.

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) or Streptococcus agalactiae is a major cause of neonatal mortality. When colonizing the lower genital tract of pregnant women, GBS may cause premature birth and stillbirth. If transmitted to the newborn, it may result in life-threatening illnesses, including sepsis, meningitis, and pneumonia. Moreover, through continuous evolution, GBS can use its original structure and unique factors to greatly improve its survival rate in the human body. This review discusses the key virulence factors that facilitate GBS invasion and colonization and their action mechanisms. A com…

Identification and typing of Vagococcus salmoninarum using genomic and proteomic techniques.

This study reports on the characterization of Vagococcus salmoninarum using phenotypic, serological, antigenic, genetic and proteomic methods. All strains of V. salmoninarum were resistant to most of the antimicrobials tested, and only 10% of strains were sensitive to florfenicol. Serological analysis demonstrated a high antigenic homogeneity within the species. No cross-reaction was detected with other fish pathogenic species causing streptococcosis (Lactococcus garvieae, Streptococcus parauberis, Streptococcus iniae, Streptococcus agalactiae, Carnobacterium maltaromaticum) using serum agains…

Use of the lactococcal nisA promoter to regulate gene expression in gram-positive bacteria: comparison of induction level and promoter strength.

We characterized the regulated activity of the lactococcal nisA promoter in strains of the gram-positive species Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, and Bacillus subtilis. nisA promoter activity was dependent on the proteins NisR and NisK, which constitute a two-component signal transduction system that responds to the extracellular inducer nisin. The nisin sensitivity and inducer concentration required for maximal induction varied among the strains. Significant induction of the nisA promoter (10- to 60-fold induction) was obtained…

[Neonatal bacterial infection by maternal-fetal contamination: for a change in approach? 2. Uncertainties and proposals].

Based on a critical analysis of the literature, it is clear that even though mortality has decreased to 10-15%, the prevalence of neonatal bacterial infections remains dramatically stable. Precise risk factors can be identified in most cases of neonatal infection, but remain uncertain in many others: Streptococcus agalactiae is found in only 40% of the cases of sepsis; Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Pneumococcus, and group A Streptococcus strains should also be considered for a real prophylactic strategy; context (prematurity), lack of a consensual attitude for intrapartum strategie…

Preliminary study of biliary microbiota and identification of bacterial species associated with pigmented gallstone formation.

BACKGROUND: Pigmented gallstone disease (PGS) is prevalent in China. Biliary microbiota is certified to be related to the PGS formation. ME … CONCLUSION: β-glucuronidase-producing Streptococcus spp., including Streptococcus dysgalactiae and Streptococcus agalactiae, and Parabacteroides merdae, harbored both uidA and pldA genes and were found to be crucial bacterial species in PGS formation.

Фармакокинетическая оценка омадациклина ( < < Оральный режим только дозирования > > ) для лечения бактериальной пневмонии, приобретенной общиной.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Омадациклин является новым аналогом тетрациклина, действующего против атипичных бактерий, а также против стафилококки, включая резистентные к метициллину штаммы и пневмонию Стрептококка. ОБЛАСТЬ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ: В настоящем обзоре резюмируются имеющиеся клинические данные об использовании перорального омадациклина при лечении пневмонии, полученной из общин, и описывается механизм действий, фармакокинетические/фармакодинамические параметры (PK/PD) для здоровых и особых групп населения, а также последние исследования по омадациклину.EXPERT OPINION: Имеющиеся клинические данные о пероральном

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
INTRODUCTION: Omadacycline is a new analog of the tetracycline class active against atypical bacteria, as well as against staphylococci, inc … penicillin-resistant and multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Streptococcus agalactiae; and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. A dose of 450 mg orally once daily is recommended, followed by a maintenance dose of 300 mg orally once daily. Importantly, omadacycline does not require dose adjustment for patients based on BMI, age, gen …

[Susceptibility of clinically-isolated bacteria strains to respiratory quinolones and evaluation of antimicrobial agent efficacy by Monte Carlo simulation].

Respiratory quinolones (RQs) are broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents used for the treatment of a wide variety of community-acquired and noso … pecies (n = number of strains) [Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 15), Streptococcus pyogenes (n = 14), Streptococcus agalactiae (n = 19), methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) (n = 24), Escherichia coli (n = 35), Haemophilus influenzae (n = 17), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 14), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 31), and Moraxella catarrhalis (n = 11)] to 4 RQs [garen …

Immunochemical cross-reactions between type III group B Streptococcus and type 14 Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Serological cross-reactions between certain streptococci and some serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae have been reported. These studies detail the serological cross-reactivity observed between hot HCl-extracted group b streptococcus type III (GBS III) antigens and S. pneumoniae type 14 (Pn 14) polysaccharide. Similar electrophoretic migration patterns of GBS III and Pn 14 were observed when either type-specific BGS III antisera or pneumococcal omniserum was utilized to precipitate these antigens. Both the GBS III antigen and the Pn 14 polysaccharide migrated toward the cathode, whereas all o

[Bloodstream infection in a neonatology unit of Medellín-Colombia, 2008-2009].

Bloodstream infection (BSI) is one of the main causes of sepsis and death in newborns. The relative importance of nosocomial and non-nosocomial agents in developing countries is not clear. We conducted a prospective study of newborns hospitalized with a first episode of BSI in order to classify it as early, late or nosocomial, describe the clinical and microbiological characteristics, and explore risk factors between hospital-acquired vs community-acquired BSI (HA-BSI vs CA-BSI). Twenty-seven newborns with a first episode of BSI were identified. Streptococcus agalactiae and coagulase negative …

Septicemic salmonellosis in a two-humped camel calf (Camelus bactrianus).

A 1-week old, two-humped female camel (Camelus bactrianus) calf with continual whining, epiphora, anorexia, muscle twitching, and lateral recumbency was referred to a veterinary hospital. Although she died shortly after preliminary clinical examination, but necropsy was performed and tissue samples were taken for further microbiological and pathological examinations. On bacteriological investigation, Salmonella typhimurium and Streptococcus agalactiae were isolated. Histopathologically, lesions consisted of hyperemia and hemorrhage in all serosal and mucosal surfaces, gastroenteritis, and puru…