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Pancreatitis, panniculitis, and polyarthritis (PPP) syndrome: MRI features of intraosseous fat necrosis involving the feet and knees.

Pancreatitis, panniculitis, and polyarthritis (PPP) syndrome is extremely rare and presents as a triad of the three diseases. The patient usually presents with mild or absent abdominal symptoms. Here, we report on a case of a 66-year-old male who presented with pain and swelling in both legs and mild abdominal pain. He was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis by pancreatic enzyme analysis and abdominal computed tomography (CT) and with skin lesions of panniculitis through a biopsy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed multifocal intraosseous fat necrosis and arthritis involving both the feet…

Risk of Subsequent Infection Among Patients Receiving Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors and Other Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the incidence of subsequent serious infections in patients who received systemic drug therapy after an initial seriou … 9 patients who met the inclusion criteria, the majority (84.3%) had RA. Patients who received tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor therapy after their index infection had a lower rate of subsequent serious infections (18.1 per 100 patient-years for those treated with a TNF inhibitor alone and 17.3 per 100 patient-years for those treated with a TNF inhibit …

[Mechanism of protective effects of tumor necrosis factor receptor associated protein 1 on hypoxic cardiomyocytes of rats].

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of protective effects of tumor necrosis factor receptor associated protein 1 (TRAP1) on hypoxic cardiomyocytes of rats. Methods: Primary cultured cardiomyocytes were obtained from neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats (aged 1 to 3 days) and then used in the following experiments. (1) Cells were divided into group TRAP1 and control group according to the random number table (the same grouping method below), and then the total protein of cells was extracted. Total protein of cells in group TRAP1 was added with mouse anti-rat TRAP1 monoclonal antibody, while that in…

Characterization of the IFN pathway in the teleost fish gonad against vertically transmitted viral nervous necrosis virus.

One of the most powerful innate immune responses against viruses is mediated by type I IFN. In teleost fish, it is known that virus infection triggers the expression of ifn and many IFN-stimulated genes, but the viral RNA sensors and mediators leading to IFN production are scarcely known. Thus, we have searched for the presence of these genes in gilt-head sea bream (Sparus aurata) and European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), and evaluated their expression after infection with viral nervous necrosis virus (VNNV) in the brain, the main viral target tissue, and the gonad, used to transmit the vi…

Primary tuberculosis infection in patients treated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha antagonists and a negative initial screening.

INTRODUCTION: Despite screening for latent tuberculosis (TB), new cases of TB infection are detected in patients treated with anti-TNF-α and negative initial screening, some of them after long treatment, which points more to a new infection. OBJECTIVES: To describe the cases that have presumably developed a primary tuberculous infection during treatment with anti-TNF-α drugs. METHODS: Retrospective audit (1999-2012). Inclusion criteria were: a) anti-TNF-α treatment; b) initial latent TB screening negative; c) TB diagnosed during anti-TNF-α treatment; d) suspected primary TB infection (diagno

Identification and characterization of tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-associated factor 3 from humphead snapper, Lutjanus sanguineus.

Tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-associated factor 3(TRAF3) is a key regulator in TNFR and Toll-like receptor (TLRs)/RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) signal pathway. Here, a TRAF3 gene (Ls-TRAF3, GenBank Accession No: KJ789921) is cloned from humphead snapper (Lutjanus sanguineus). The Ls-TRAF3 cDNA contains an open reading frame of 1788 bp, which encodes a polypeptide of 595 amino acids. The deduced amino acid of Ls-TRAF3 possesses a RING finger, two TRAF-type zinc fingers, a coiled-coil and a MATH domain. Ls-TRAF3 protein shares high identities with other known TRAF3 proteins. In healthy fis…

Accuracy of enhanced and unenhanced MRI in diagnosing scaphoid proximal pole avascular necrosis and predicting surgical outcome.

PURPOSE: Determine the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of unenhanced and enhanced MRI in diagnosing scaphoid proximal pole (PP) avascular necrosis (AVN) and correlate whether MRI can help guide the selection of a vascularized or nonvascularized bone graft. METHODS: The study was approved by the IRB. Two MSK radiologists independently performed a retrospective review of unenhanced and enhanced MRIs from 18 patients (16 males, 2 females; median age, 17.5 years) with scaphoid nonunions and surgery performed within 65 days of the MRI. AVN was diagnosed on the unenhanced MRI when a diffusely…

[Nontraumatic causes of bilateral avascular necrosis of the femoral head: link between hepatitis C and pegylated interferon].

BACKGROUND: Avascular necrosis of the femoral head is a frequent condition in patients with a history of trauma. The major pathologic causes include vascular diseases, malignancies, hypercoagulability states, long-term steroid treatment, and some patients have a history of hepatitis C infection treated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin. Upon studying the behavior of the hepatitis C virus, Seef, Foster and Poynard found a hypercoagulability state that causes interruption of retinacular blood flow to the femoral head, without an increased incidence of osteonecrosis in this patient group. L…

Tumor necrosis factor inhibitor therapy in ankylosing spondylitis: differential effects on pain and fatigue and brain correlates.

Ankylosing spondylitis is associated with back pain and fatigue and impacts mobility but can be treated with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi). The differential effects of TNFi treatment on multiple symptoms and the brain is not well delineated. Thus, we conducted a 2-part study. In study 1, we conducted a retrospective chart review in 129 ankylosing spondylitis patients to assess TNFi effects on pain, fatigue, motor function, mobility, and quality of life (QoL). After at least 10 weeks of TNFi treatment, patients had clinically significant improvements (>30%) in pain (including neuropat…

Benefits and risks of combining anti-tumor necrosis factor with immunomodulator therapy in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease.

Since the introduction of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy as treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), care of pediatric and adult patients with IBD has significantly improved. To further improve treatment efficacy and durability, multiple trials have compared the efficacy of combination therapy, using anti-TNF therapy combined with an immunomodulator (a thiopurine or methotrexate), with that of anti-TNF monotherapy with contradicting results. The safety of combined therapy has been questioned after several reported cases of hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma in young patients with IB…

A rare case showing subacute thyroiditis-like symptoms with amyloid goiter after anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy.

UNLABELLED: Anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α therapy is established as a new standard for the treatment of various autoimmune inflammatory diseases. We report the first case showing subacute thyroiditis-like symptoms with an amyloid goiter after anti-TNF-α therapy. A 56-year-old man with Crohn's disease presented with fever and a diffuse, tender goiter. To control the diarrhea, anti-TNF therapy (infliximab) was administered 4 weeks before the thyroid symptoms emerged. The patient reported a swollen neck with tenderness on the right side and fever 4 days after the second infliximab injection.…

Протеиновая киназа 3, вызывающая перекосы, способствует брюшной аневризме через гладкий некроз мышечных клеток и воспаление.

RATALE: Разрушение среднегабаритной мышечной клетки (SMC) является одной из основных патологических характеристик брюшной аневризмы (AAA), хотя механизм, с помощью которого эти клетки ликвидируются, по-прежнему не полностью изучен. Мы рассуждали о том, что некроптоз, недавно описываемый некрозом, протекающим через рецепторно-интерактивную белковую киназу 3 (RIP3), может способствовать патологии ААА в результате врожденной смерти СМС и значительного производства подстрекательских цитокинов. ЦЕЛЬ: Проверить гипотезу о том, что некроптоз с помощью RIP3 активно участвует в аневризме патогенез. МЕТ

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
RATIONALE: Depletion of medial smooth muscle cell (SMC) is a major pathological characteristic of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), although the mechanism by which these cells are eliminated remains incompletely understood. We reasoned that necroptosis, a recently described form of necrosis mediated by receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIP3), may contrib…

Diffusion restriction in a non-enhancing metastatic brain tumor treated with bevacizumab - recurrent tumor or atypical necrosis?

A 38-year-old female with metastatic brain cancer developed non-enhancing, diffusion restricted lesions following bevacizumab treatment. From our review of the literature, this is the first reported case of this type of lesion. Clinicians should be wary of these lesions, as they can represent either tumor progression or necrosis/effects of chronic hypoxia from anti-angiogenic therapy. Further investigation is necessary to determine the biological mechanism and clinical significance of this type of imaging appearance.

Leishmania donovani targets tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF) 3 for impairing TLR4-mediated host response.

Intramacrophage pathogen Leishmania donovani escapes host immune response by subverting Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, which is critically regulated by protein ubiquitination. In the present study, we identified tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF) 3, degradative ubiquitination of which is essential for TLR4 activation, as a target for Leishmania to deactivate LPS-mediated TLR4 signaling. We used LPS-treated RAW 264.7 cells and compared the TLR4-mediated immune response in these cells with L. donovani and L. donovani + LPS costimulated macrophages. TRAF3, which was ubiq…

Microcirculatory significance of periprocedural myocardial necrosis after percutaneous coronary intervention assessed by the index of microcirculatory resistance.

This study sought to investigate the relationship between the index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR) and periprocedural myocardial necrosis in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP). Fifty-seven UAP patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of a single lesion were recruited. A pressure-temperature sensor wire was used to measure IMR immediately after PCI. Total creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and troponin I (TNI) were measured every 8 h after PCI until they began to decline. Of the 57 patients studied, 22 had periprocedural myocardial infarction (MI) according …

Frequent conversion of tuberculosis screening tests during anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy in patients with rheumatic diseases.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the rate of tuberculosis (TB) screening test conversion during anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) therapy in rheumatic patients with negative baseline screening. METHODS: This was a prospective study of rheumatic patients with negative baseline TB screening (tuberculin skin test (TST): <5 mm, and negative T-SPOT.TB, QuantiFERON-TB Gold In Tube (QFT-GIT) and chest X-ray) treated with anti-TNF agents. All patients underwent re-screening for TB with all assays 1 year later. Factors associated with TB test conversion were analysed and compared between 'converters' and 'non…

[Infections in patients affected by rheumatologic diseases associated to glucocorticoid use or tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors].

A great diversity of infectious agents can affect patients that use steroids at immunosuppressive doses or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) antagonists. The list of participating microorganisms is more restricted in the case of anti TNF-alpha blockers. Overlapping agents include intracellular bacteria, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, geographic fungal agents that have the ability to establish granulamotous infections, herpes zoster, and reactivation of chronic hepatitis B virus infection. An important conceptual issue for these infections is the existence of a threshold prednisone daily dos…

Macrolides attenuate phorbol ester-induced tumor necrosis factor-α and mucin production from human airway epithelial cells.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Macrolide antibiotics are effective drugs in chronic bronchiolitis and chronic rhinosinusitis with mucus hypersecretion. However, the mechanism of action is unclear. This study was designed to investigate the effect of azithromycin (AZM; 15-membered) and midecamycin acetate (MDM; 16-membered) on MUC5AC and MUC2 gene expression and secretion from human airway epithelial cells. The effects of the two macrolides on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) release were also examined. METHODS: Confluent NCI-H292 human mucoepidermoid airways epithelial cells were pretreated with AZM or MDM …

Tumor necrosis factor alpha has an early protective effect on retinal ganglion cells after optic nerve crush.

BACKGROUND: Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy that is characterized by the loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) initiated by damage to axons in the optic nerve. The degeneration and death of RGCs has been thought to occur in two waves. The first is axogenic, caused by direct insult to the axon. The second is somatic, and is thought to be caused by the production of inflammatory cytokines from the activated retinal innate immune cells. One of the cytokines consistently linked to glaucoma and RGC damage has been TNFα. Despite strong evidence implicating this protein in neurodegeneration, a direct