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Chemokine analysis as a novel diagnostic modality in the early prediction of the outcome of non-union therapy: a matched pair analysis.

BACKGROUND: Despite the regenerative capability of skeletal tissue fracture, non-union is common. Treatment of non-unions remains challenging, and early determination of the outcome is impossible. Chemokines play an important role in promoting the formation of new bone and remodeling existing bone. Despite their importance regarding the regulation of bone biology, the potential of chemokines as biological markers reflecting osseous regeneration is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine (1) if serum chemokine expression levels correlate with the outcome of non-union surgery and (2)

Unraveling the link between cardiorespiratory fitness and cancer: a state-of-the-art review.

Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) not only reflects an individual's capacity to perform physical activities but also encapsulates broader effects on the basic biology of aging. This review aims to summarize the evidence on the influence of CRF on overall and site-specific cancer risks. It delves into the biological mechanisms through which CRF may exert its effects, explores the clinical implications of these findings, identifies gaps in the current evidence base, and suggests directions for future research. The synthesis of findings reveals that higher CRF levels (general threshold of > 7 METs)

Association of Physical Activity with Dementia Risk in Cancer Survivors: A Korean Nationwide Cohort Study.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the impact of physical activity on dementia risk among cancer survivors in South Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective, population-based cohort study included 344,152 cancer survivors identified from the National Health Insurance Service database in South Korea. The mean follow-up time was 5.81 years. Different levels of physical activity post-cancer diagnosis, ranging from inactive to highly active, were assessed. The primary outcome was the incidence of overall dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia. Secondary outcomes includ

Emerging trends in the coexistence of primary lung Cancer and hematologic malignancy: a comprehensive analysis of clinicopathological features and genetic abnormalities.

BackgroundThe incidence of multiple primary cancers (MPC), especially involving primary lung cancer (PLC) and primary hematologic malignancies (PHM), is rising. This study aims to analyze clinicopathological features, gene abnormalities, and prognostic outcomes in individuals diagnosed with PLC-PHM MPC.MethodsA retrospective analysis included 89 patients diagnosed with PLC-PHM MPC at the Respiratory or Hematology Departments of Ruijin Hospital from 2003 to 2022 (a total of 842,047 people). Next-generation sequencing (NGS) assessed lung cancer specimens, while Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) an

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… Smoking is a significant risk factor for numerous primary cancers, with smokers having a hazard ratio for multiple primary cancers 1.3-fold greater than non-smokers [ 29 ]. However, our findings deviate from this established association. … PLC-PHM MPC patients were predominantly elderly males and non-smokers. Metachronous MPC was more common. Lung adenocarcinoma and mature B-cell lymphoma were the most frequent cancer types. A high frequency of targetable driver mutations, such as EGFR, was observed in lung cancer specimens. …

Взаимосвязь между множественным склерозом и ожирением: сравнительное исследование.

Множественный склероз (MS) — хроническое аутоиммунное расстройство, затрагивающее центральную нервную систему. Она характеризуется воспалением, обезвоживанием и разрушением аксонов. Ожирение является глобальной проблемой здравоохранения, которая связана с чрезмерным накоплением жира в организме, что приводит к негативному метаболическому воздействию и воздействию на здоровье человека. В последние годы все больше внимания уделяется связи между НР и ожирением. ЦЕЛИ: Текущее исследование направлено на оценку взаимосвязи между MS и ожирением и на определение того, является ли ожирение фактором рис

Presenting characteristics, histological subtypes and outcomes of adult central nervous system tumours: retrospective review of a surgical cohort.

IntroductionThe most recent local study on the incidence of histological subtypes of all brain and spinal tumours treated surgically was published in 2000. In view of the outdated data, we investigated the presenting characteristics, histological subtypes and outcomes of adult patients who underwent surgery for brain or spinal tumours at our institution.MethodsA single-centre retrospective review of 501 patients who underwent surgery for brain or spinal tumours from 2016 to 2020 was conducted. The inclusion criteria were (a) patients who had a brain or spinal tumour that was histologically ver

Cancer incidence attributable to tuberculosis in 2015: global, regional, and national estimates.

BackgroundTuberculosis is associated with increased risk of cancer. However, the impact of tuberculosis on global cancer burden is unknown.MethodsWe performed random-effects meta-analyses and meta-regressions of studies reporting the association between tuberculosis and cancer risks by searching PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane library, and CINAHL from inception to 1 June 2019. Population attributable fractions (PAFs) of cancer incidence attributable to tuberculosis were calculated using relative risks from our meta-analyses and tuberculosis prevalence data from Global Health Data Exch

Deatary Inflammatory Score (DIS) и Life Score (LIS) «Влияние на многоразовый склероз» (LIS).

Фон/цели: Множественный склероз (MS) — иммунопосредованное демиелионирующее заболевание центральной нервной системы с изменяющимися уровнями воспаления и глиоза. Факторы питания и образа жизни могут влиять на развитие НР, а также способствовать воспалению. Целью нынешнего исследования является оценка взаимосвязи между пищевым и жизненным потенциалом и остротой множественных склерозов. Методы: Применялась схема перекрестного исследования. Сбор данных включал демографическую, неврологическую информацию и информацию о питании. На основе эталонного протокола были рассчитаны диетический воспламенит

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… Most participants were female (69.2%), of a normal weight (66.4%), and non-smokers (61.7%). Of the sample, 40.2% had a low physical activity level, and 20.6% had a low educational level. Regarding neurological information, the mean MSSS was 3.2 ± 2.4. …

Associations of body mass index and waist circumference with incidence of overall and of 27 site-specific cancers: a population-based retrospective cohort study.

BackgroundOverweight and obesity are known risk factors for cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate associations of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with incidence of 27 site-specific cancers stratified by sex and menopausal status accounting for non-linearity.MethodsWe performed a population-based retrospective cohort study using the Korean National Health Insurance Service (KNHIS 2009-2020) database. We included 3,986,155 participants (aged ≥ 20 years), and the mean follow-up duration was 9.0 ± 1.6 years. The primary outcome was the incidence of cancer.ResultsThere

Risk factors for renal toxicity after inpatient cisplatin administration.

BACKGROUND: After several decades, cisplatin continues to be an essential drug for the treatment of several tumors, however, its potential nephrotoxicity is still a clinically relevant issue. Identification of predisposing factors for renal toxicity could be of value to warrant prophylactic measures. METHODS: We analyzed data from 198 patients with various tumor types, treated with cisplatin containing regimens in our regional cancer center in a two-years period. Assessed variables included age, gender, smoking status, alcohol consumption, tumor type, prior or concomitant anticancer treatment

(Поли) фенолы и множественный склероз: результаты межсекционного исследования наблюдений.

(Поли) фенолы представляют собой широкий и разнородный класс веществ с рядом потенциальных преимуществ для здоровья. Их роль в нейрозащите и когниции по-прежнему вызывает сомнения. Цель этого исследования заключается в изучении возможной взаимосвязи между общим и индивидуальным (поли)поглощением фенола, основными источниками питания и остротой множественного склероза (МС) в группе пациентов, страдающих НР. Были собраны демографические данные, данные о физической активности участников, данные о курении и рационе питания наряду с клиническими параметрами, включая Расширенный цикл оценки инвалидн

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… Smoking habits were arranged as (i) non-smokers, (ii) smokers, and (iii) ex-smokers. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) [ 44 ] was used to assess physical activity habits. It comprises a set of 4 questionnaires (5 activity domains asked independently). …

Risk Factors for COVID-19-Related Hospitalization and Death in Patients With Cancer: The National Cancer Institute COVID-19 in Cancer Patients Study (NCCAPS).

IMPORTANCE: Retrospective case series have identified having cancer and receiving treatment for cancer as risk factors for inferior COVID-19 outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To determine risk factors for hospitalization and death in patients with cancer with COVID-19 infection. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: The National Cancer Institute COVID-19 in Cancer Patients Study (NCCAPS) is a prospective longitudinal natural history cohort study examining the impact of COVID-19 on patients with cancer. Adults were eligible within 14 days of an initial positive SARS-CoV-2 test result if they were receiving a

Mepolizumab in the treatment of eosinophilic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Despite maximal medical therapy, a subset of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease continue to suffer acute exacerbations. It is also clear that a subset of this population has elevated blood eosinophils. In addition to clearly responding better to inhaled corticosteroids, it is also possible that this subgroup may benefit from biologic treatments targeting eosinophilic inflammation. Mepolizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against interleukin-5 (IL-5), may have a therapeutic effect in a subgroup of patients with COPD and eosinophilic airway inflammation. In this review, we d

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… Patients with a diagnosis of current asthma or non-smokers were excluded. However, a historical diagnosis of asthma was allowed for current and former smokers. …

В канадском продольном исследовании по проблемам старения было проведено исследование с целью выявления взаимосвязи между неблагоприятным детским опытом и иммунопосредованным воспалительным заболеванием.

ЦЕЛЬ: Неблагоприятный детский опыт (АСЕ) непоследовательно учитывается в качестве факторов риска для иммунных подстрекательских заболеваний (ИМИД). Мы провели оценку того, отличается ли связь между ACE и болезнями между IMID и другими хроническими заболеваниями. DESIGN: Ретроспективное исследование по вопросам контроля за делами. СИТТИНГ: Мы использовали данные Канадского продольного исследования по проблемам старения (CLSA), в котором за период с 2010 по 2015 год были привлечены участники в возрасте от 45 до 85 лет.В число участников входили 12 627 участников КЛСА: 2 102 человека, сообщившие

Low serum free light chain is associated with risk of COPD exacerbation.

BackgroundMost exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are triggered by respiratory tract infections. Adaptive immunity via antibody production is important in preventing infections. Impaired antibody production is reported to be associated with an increased risk of exacerbations of COPD. In the present study, we elucidated whether reduced free light chains (FLCs), which are excessive amounts of light chains produced during antibody synthesis and can be used to estimate systemic antibody production, may be a promising biomarker to predict the risk of exacerbations of COPD

Associations of PD-L1 expression status, tumor histology and patient ethnic background with immunotherapy outcomes in patients with advanced esophageal cancer.

BackgroundCurrently, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become a mainstay in treating advanced esophageal cancer (EC), yet the predictive significance of routinely collected clinicopathological characteristics for overall survival (OS) remains uncertain.MethodsWe searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov for phase III randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Eligible studies reported OS for the overall population and subgroups stratified by various clinicopathological features. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were c

Risk of fractures in half a million survivors of 20 cancers: a population-based matched cohort study using linked English electronic health records.

BACKGROUND: A history of multiple myeloma, prostate cancer, and breast cancer has been associated with adverse bone health, but associations across a broader range of cancers are unclear. We aimed to compare the risk of any bone fracture and major osteoporotic fractures in survivors of a wide range of cancers versus cancer-free individuals. METHODS: In this population-based matched cohort study, we used electronic health records from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink linked to hospital data. We included adults (aged ≥18 years) eligible for linkage, and we restricted the study start t

Epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic characteristics of metastatic spinal cord compression in prostate cancer patients in two tertiary hospitals in Cameroon.

INTRODUCTION: prostate cancer represents the 3rd primary neoplasia responsible for metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC). MSCC is an extreme oncological emergency, because it involves both functional and vital prognosis. The present study aimed to establish a pattern of MSCC in prostate cancer patients in Douala and Yaoundé general hospitals (Cameroon). METHODS: this was a descriptive and retrospective study in the Radiotherapy and Medical Oncology services at both Douala and Yaoundé General Hospitals. The explored variables were general characteristics of the study population, clinical a

Adverse drug reactions and drug-related problems with supportive care medications among the oncological population.

AimThe current study emphasizes the impact of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) caused by supportive care medications administered with chemotherapy.MethodThis is a longitudinal observational study carried out at the Ramaiah Medical College Hospital in Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, at the Department of Oncology. The data was recorded using a specifically created data collecting form. Based on the PCNE (Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe), DRPs are identified. The WHO probability scale, Modified Hartwig and Siegel for ADR severity assessment, Naranjo's algorithm for

Effects of pre-transplant chest physical therapy on spirometric values and respiratory muscle strength in patients waiting for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a randomized controlled trial.

IntroductionMany noninfectious pulmonary complications occur immediately within the first few weeks after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of chest physical therapy (CPT) performed during the pre-transplant period in terms of spirometric values and respiratory muscle strength (RMS) in patients waiting for allo-HSCT.Material and methodsFifty patients aged 40 to 55 years who were scheduled for allo-HSCT were randomly allocated into two equal-sized groups, a CPT group and a control group. The CPT group (n = 25) received CPT