Результаты поиска

Establishing a Multicenter Active Adverse Events Following Immunization Sentinel Surveillance Network Across 22 Tertiary Care Hospitals in India: Protocol for a Prospective Observational Study.

BACKGROUND: The rapid evolution of immunization programs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) has necessitated an augmentation of cap … a model for monitoring and analysis. Outcomes selected for surveillance included acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, anaphylaxis, aseptic meningitis, dengue, Guillain-Barré syndrome, Kawasaki disease, malaria, seizure, sepsis, thrombocytopenia, intussusception, and urinary tract infections. We screened all children aged 1-24 months who were hospitalized for more …

Neurologic manifestations of COVID-19 and viral test in cerebrospinal fluid.

BACKGROUND: Neurological manifestations are present in about one-third of COVID-19 cases, ranging from mild symptoms, such as anosmia, to mo … iagnoses included stroke, dementia or cognitive impairments, Guillain-Barré Syndrome, encephalitis, encephalomyelitis, acute flaccid palsy and optical neuritis. CONCLUSIONS: The patients in the present study had COVID-19 and neurologic involvement including a wide range of clinical manifestations. SARS-CoV-2 was detected in one-third of CSF samples, regardless of …

Fingolimod синхронизирует с радиоиммунотерапией против PD-1 в экспериментальной множественной склерозовой модели путем усиления лимфатического узла и разрушения клеток CD8+T.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Множественный склероз (MS) является хроническим нейродегенеративным аутоиммунным заболеванием, вызванным ненадлежащим активированием иммунной системы, нацеленной на антигены центральной нервной системы, например миелин. Некоторые MS-терапии контролируют болезнь за счет истощения CD20+B клеток и поглощения T лимфоцитов в лимфоузлах. Оптимальным был бы целенаправленный подход, направленный на истощение только активированных Т лимфоцитов, которые играют ключевую роль в прогрессии заболеваний. Программный белок смерти клеток 1 (PD-1) — ингибиторный рецептор, выраженный на изнурённых и не

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
INTRODUCTION: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative autoimmune disease caused by inappropriate activation of the immune sys … ti-PD-1 (177Lu-αPD-1) radioimmunotherapy (RIT) as a standalone treatment in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), which is the most common preclinical model of MS. In this study, we present the synergistic effect of fingolimod (FTY720/Gilenya™) in combination with [177Lu]Lu-αPD-1 in EAE. METHODS: [177Lu]Lu-αPD-1 and [111In]In-αPD-1 were prepared by conj …

Клинический спектр приобретенных синдромов демилинизации у детей: опыт третичной больницы.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Хотя приобретенные синдромы демиелионации (САР) редки у детей, распространенность и распространенность САД в различных странах мира являются неодинаковыми. Поскольку данные о педиатрической АДС в Саудовской Аравии ограничены, цель этого исследования заключалась в том, чтобы описать клинический спектр педиатрической АДС, его клинические характеристики и варианты управления в третичной больнице в Саудовской Аравии. МЕТОДЫ: В период с января в медицинском центре им. короля Абдель Азиза (КАМС) и специализированном детском госпитале им. короля Абдаллы (КАШХ) в Эр-Рияде, Саудовская Аравия,

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
INTRODUCTION: Although acquired demyelinating syndromes (ADS) are rare in children, the incidence and prevalence of ADS vary internationally … ia of each subtype (multiple sclerosis (MS), clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD)) were included in this study. RESULTS: Forty-five pediatric patients with ADS were analyzed, with the majority diagnosed with MS. The median age of onset was higher …

Deciphering Proteomic Expression in Inflammatory Disorders: A Mass Spectrometry Exploration Comparing Infectious, Noninfectious, and Traumatic Brain Injuries in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid.

The central nervous system (CNS) evokes a complex inflammatory response to injury. Inflammatory cascades are present in traumatic, infectiou … g-remitting multiple sclerosis, anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate-receptor encephalitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and n = 14 patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, herpes simplex encephalitis, and other types of viral meningitis. We also utilized n = 7 healthy controls (HCs). In the comparison between TBI and noninfectious inflammatory CNS d …

Increased Intracranial Pressure in Pediatric Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease (MO … terquartile range) OP for the different MOGAD phenotypes were: 30.0 (22.8-41.6) (acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, ADEM), 20.5 (16.1-23.6) (optic neuritis), 17.0 (17.0-22.5) (myelitis), and 19.5 (16.5-29.3) (other) cm H20. Overall, 20.9% had increased ICP based on an OP > 28 cm H2O, of whom 77.8% presented with ADEM. In a subgroup analysis of those presenting w …

Scrub Typhus in Children: A Prospective Observational Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern India.

Background Scrub typhus is a reemerging, acute, undifferentiating febrile illness and one of the most neglected tropical diseases, calling f … alitis (STME, 3.88%), acute kidney injury (AKI, 2.91%), myocarditis (1.46%), and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM, 0.49%). Except for one who had ADEM, everyone was sent back home after receiving the best care possible. The average duration of hospital stay was 6.89 days. Conclusions Even in the absence of eschar, scrub typhus should be suspected in any f …

Neurological Complications of Malaria.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To discuss the neurological complications and pathophysiology of organ damage following malaria infection. RECENT FINDIN … ndrome (RCVS), malarial retinopathy, post-malarial neurological syndrome (PMNS), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), and cerebellar ataxia. Lastly, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on worldwide malaria control programs and the possible threat from co-infections is briefly discussed.

Clinical Profile and Treatment Outcome in MOGAD: A Single-Center Case-Series Study in Guiyang, China.

BACKGROUND: The clinical spectrum of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is expanding over time. However … (17%), limbic encephalitis (9%), simultaneous optic neuritis and myelitis (9%), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)-like presentation (6%), myelitis (4%), and ADEM (2%). One patient presenting with RE also met the diagnostic criteria of area postrema syndrome (APS). Another patient with RE presented with imaging characteristics of chronic lymphocytic infla …

Levamisole-Induced Leukoencephalopathy in Russia: Analysis of 30 Cases.

AIMS: The study aims to raise medical specialists' awareness regarding the severity of possible complications of levamisole administration, … d only during follow- up assessments. Patients were most often misdiagnosed with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, stroke and multiple sclerosis. In most cases, LEV-induced MIL was successfully treated with intravenous corticosteroids and/or plasma exchange (PLEX), however, residual neurologic symptoms were preserved in some patients. Additionally, two detailed …

Autoimmune Encephalitis After SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Case Frequency, Findings, and Outcomes.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) cases after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection h … res [n = 2], rhombencephalitis [n = 1], aphasia [n = 1], and ataxia [n = 1]). No acute disseminated encephalomyelitis cases were encountered. The 3 patients with possible AE had spontaneously resolving syndromes. One with definite limbic encephalitis was immune therapy responsive but had residual mood and memory problems. One patient with probable autoimmune rhombe …

Contribution of Tissue Inflammation and Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption to Brain Softening in a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis.

Neuroinflammatory processes occurring during multiple sclerosis cause disseminated softening of brain tissue, as quantified by in vivo magnetic resonance elastography (MRE). However, inflammation-mediated tissue alterations underlying the mechanical integrity of the brain remain unclear. We previously showed that blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption visualized by MRI using gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) does not correlate with tissue softening in active experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). However, it is unknown how confined BBB changes and other inflammatory processes may …

Clinical and Radiological Characteristics of Children and Adults With First-Attack Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Disease and Analysis of Risk Factors for Predicting the Severity at Disease Onset in Central China.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze and compare different clinical, laboratory, and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics between pediatric and adult … 6.0%), and nausea and vomiting (24.0%), and the most common disease spectrum was acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) (40.0%). Among patients aged ≥18 years, the most common presenting symptoms were loss of vision (35.7%), paresthesia (33.3%), and paralysis (26.2%), and the most common disease spectrum was optic neuritis (35.7%). The most common lesions were …

Rabies post-exposure healthcare-seeking behaviors and perceptions: Results from a knowledge, attitudes, and practices survey, Uganda, 2013.

BACKGROUND: Rabies is a viral disease of animals and people causing fatal encephalomyelitis if left untreated. Although effective pre- and post-exposure vaccines exist, they are not widely available in many endemic countries within Africa. Since many individuals in these countries remain at risk of infection, post-exposure healthcare-seeking behaviors are crucial in preventing infection and warrant examination. METHODOLOGY: A rabies knowledge, attitudes, and practices survey was conducted at 24 geographically diverse sites in Uganda during 2013 to capture information on knowledge concerning t…

First Clinical Experience with Anti-myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Positive Optic Neuritis.

BACKGROUND: Antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG-IgG) have been consistently found in a range of demyelinating disord … t eye and finger counting in the left eye. The patient had a previous episode of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) with a right abducens nerve palsy. Visual acuity recovered after repeated cycles of intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy and 10 cycles of plasma exchange. During the last follow-up, BCVA was 0.9 in the right eye and 0.8 in the left ey …

Genomic Analyses of Acute Flaccid Myelitis Cases among a Cluster in Arizona Provide Further Evidence of Enterovirus D68 Role.

Enteroviruses are a common cause of respiratory and gastrointestinal illness, and multiple subtypes, including poliovirus, can cause neurolo … rom which NP swabs were collected, as well as in a fourth patient diagnosed with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, a disease that commonly follows bacterial or viral infections, including enterovirus. No other obvious etiological causes for AFM were identified by 16S or RNA and DNA metagenomic sequencing in these cases, strengthening the likelihood that EV-D68 …

Helicobacter pylori infection and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) colonize >50% of the entire human population. Generally, H. pylori infect the human stomach in infancy when … tion of autoreactive Th1 and Th17 cells by H. pylori infection was found in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an animal model of MS. These observations may underscore the direct protective effects of H. pylori on MS rather than generic infection in childhood. By contrast, several studies reported that H. pylori infection rates are significantly higher in a …

Utility of CSF Cytokine/Chemokines as Markers of Active Intrathecal Inflammation: Comparison of Demyelinating, Anti-NMDAR and Enteroviral Encephalitis.

BACKGROUND: Despite the discovery of CSF and serum diagnostic autoantibodies in autoimmune encephalitis, there are still very limited CSF bi … collected prior to commencing treatment from paediatric patients with confirmed acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM, n = 16), anti-NMDAR encephalitis (anti-NMDAR E, n = 11), and enteroviral encephalitis (EVE, n = 16). We generated normative data using CSF from 20 non-inflammatory neurological controls. The sensitivity of CSF cytokine/chemokines to diagnose …

Cannabidiol, a non-psychoactive cannabinoid, leads to EGR2-dependent anergy in activated encephalitogenic T cells.

BACKGROUND: Cannabidiol (CBD), the main non-psychoactive cannabinoid, has been previously shown by us to ameliorate clinical symptoms and to decrease inflammation in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)35-55-induced mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model of multiple sclerosis as well as to decrease MOG35-55-induced T cell proliferation and IL-17 secretion. However, the mechanisms of CBD anti-inflammatory activities are unclear. METHODS: Here we analyzed the effects of CBD on splenocytes (source of accessory T cells and antigen presenting cells (APC)) co-cultured with MOG35…

Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes and Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies.

IMPORTANCE: Little is known of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GAD-abs) in the paraneoplastic context. Clinical recognition of such … with cancer presented as classic paraneoplastic syndromes (5 limbic encephalitis, 1 paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis, 1 paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, and 1 opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome). When compared with the 106 non-PNS cases, those with PNS were older (median age, 60 years vs 48 years; P = .03), more frequently male (60% vs 13%; P < .001), and had mo …