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Emerging and underexplored ginsenosides in cancer therapy (2020-2025): Beyond cytotoxic mechanisms.

Ginsenosides from Panax plants have long been studied as potential anticancer agents. In earlier years, most research focused on a few well-known ginsenosides that showed strong direct cytotoxicity, such as Rg3 and Rh2. As a result, many other ginsenosides were considered less active and received limited attention. However, studies published between 2020 and 2025 indicate that several previously underexplored ginsenosides also exhibit meaningful anticancer activity. These compounds often do not function as strongly cytotoxic agents. Instead, they act through broader and more indirect mechanism

Real-world outcomes with elranatamab in multiple myeloma: a multicenter analysis from the U.S. Multiple Myeloma Immunotherapy Consortium.

Elranatamab, a BCMA-CD3 bispecific antibody, has demonstrated robust activity in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM), but real-world outcomes remain poorly defined. We conducted a multicenter retrospective study of 130 patients treated with commercial elranatamab across nine U.S. academic centers. The cohort was heavily pretreated (91% triple-class refractory, 49% penta-refractory), with 49% previously exposed to BCMA-targeted therapies. Only 22% would have met eligibility for MagnetisMM-3 cohort A. The overall response rate (ORR) was 65%, including ≥CR in 36%. Median progression-free

Research Communications of the 26th ECVIM‐CA Congress

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Randomized feasibility trial to assess tolerance and clinical effects of lithium in progressive multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Disability accumulation in progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) results from inflammatory and neurodegenerative mechanisms. In animal models of MS, lithium acts to reduce inflammatory demyelination, and in models of neurodegenerative diseases, lithium also slows neuronal death. Prospective studies of lithium in MS patients have not been previously undertaken. OBJECTIVE: To determine the tolerance and feasibility of using low-dose (150-300 mg/daily) lithium as a pharmaceutical intervention in a cohort of subjects with progressive MS, and to gauge preliminary effects of lithium on ch

Belantamab Mafodotin for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma: An Overview of the Clinical Efficacy and Safety.

Despite the introduction of immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs), proteasome inhibitors (PIs), and, more recently, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), in the chemotherapy regimens for newly diagnosed (NDMM) and relapsed/refractory MM (RRMM), the occurrence of drug resistance remains a challenge in MM patients. This is mainly in the advanced stage of the disease when treatments are limited, and the prognosis is abysmal. Nevertheless, novel molecules and therapeutic approaches are rapidly moving through the several phases of drug development and could address the need for new treatment options. The recent i

Оперативная полная ремиссия после one Цикл четырехкратного режима на основе изатуксимаба 1q21-positive первичная плазменная лейкемия: отчет о деле.

Первичная плазменная лейкемия (PPCL) представляет собой редкое и агрессивное нарушение плазменных клеток. Пациенты часто имеют большое число циркуляционных плазменных клеток и на ранней стадии заболевания, что часто сопровождается серьезными инфекциями и дисфункцией органов, что приводит к плохому общему прогнозу. Текущие стратегии лечения ПХХЛ в значительной степени экстраполируются из интенсивных индукционных режимов, используемых для лечения множественной миэломы; однако терапевтические результаты остаются ограниченными, особенно у пациентов с повышенным риском цитогенетических аномалий и н

Gene editing in cancer therapy: overcoming drug resistance and enhancing precision medicine.

The CRISPR system has revolutionized cancer gene therapy, offering unparalleled precision in genetic manipulation for targeted oncogene disruption, mutation correction, and immune system modulation. This breakthrough tool has demonstrated remarkable potential in overcoming drug resistance, enhancing chemotherapy sensitivity, and improving immunotherapy strategies such as CRISPR-engineered CAR-T cells. Additionally, oncolytic virus-mediated CRISPR delivery has emerged as a novel approach for tumor-specific gene editing, minimizing off-target effects. The rapid transition of CRISPR-based cancer

Concise Review: The High Cost of High Tech Medicine: Planning Ahead for Market Access.

Cellular therapies and other regenerative medicines are emerging as potentially transformative additions to modern medicine, but likely at a staggering financial cost. Public health care systems' budgets are already strained by growing and aging populations, and many private insurer's budgets are equally stretched. The current systems that most payers employ to manage their cash flow are not structured to absorb a sudden onslaught of very expensive prescriptions for a large portion of their covered population. Despite this, developers of new regenerative medicines tend to focus on the demands

Combined approach to treatment of advanced stages of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw patients.

INTRODUCTION: Increased incidence of localized osteonecrosis in the jaw bones caused by bisphosphanate use and reduced quality of life of the patients led researchers to diagnose the disease in the early period and to investigate the effective treatment modality. OBJECTIVE: Treatment of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw patients is based on individual protocols from clinical experience, as there are no definitive treatment guidelines. In view of the lack of consensus on the effectiveness of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw treatments in the literature, the aim of this stu

The Fibronectin Expression Determines the Distinct Progressions of Malignant Gliomas via Transforming Growth Factor-Beta Pathway.

Due to the increasing incidence of malignant gliomas, particularly glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a simple and reliable GBM diagnosis is needed to screen early the death-threaten patients. This study aimed to identify a protein that can be used to discriminate GBM from low-grade astrocytoma and elucidate further that it has a functional role during malignant glioma progressions. To identify proteins that display low or no expression in low-grade astrocytoma but elevated levels in GBM, glycoprotein fibronectin (FN) was particularly examined according to the mining of the Human Protein Atlas. We

Recent Developments and Evolving Therapeutic Strategies in KMT2A-Rearranged Acute Leukemia.

BackgroundRearrangements of the histone-lysine-N-methyltransferase (KMT2A), previously referred to as mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL), are among the most common chromosomal abnormalities in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), involving numerous different fusion partners. KMT2A-rearranged (KMT2A-r) leukemia is characterized by a rapid onset, aggressive progression, and significantly worse prognosis compared to non-KMT2A-r leukemias. Even with contemporary chemotherapeutic treatments and hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (HSCT), patients with KM

Artificial Neural Networks Coupled with MALDI-TOF MS Serum Fingerprinting To Classify and Diagnose Pathological Pain Subtypes in Preclinical Models.

Pathological pain subtypes can be classified as either neuropathic pain, caused by a somatosensory nervous system lesion or disease, or nociplastic pain, which develops without evidence of somatosensory system damage. Since there is no gold standard for the diagnosis of pathological pain subtypes, the proper classification of individual patients is currently an unmet challenge for clinicians. While the determination of specific biomarkers for each condition by current biochemical techniques is a complex task, the use of multimolecular techniques, such as matrix-assisted laser desorption/ioniza

Renal Response Criteria for Clinical Trials in Amyloid Light Chain Amyloidosis.

Immunoglobin light chain (AL) amyloidosis is a rare disease characterized by organ deposition of amyloid fibrils, most commonly in the heart and kidney. Disease heterogeneity necessitates organ-specific assessment to determine prognosis and response or progression. To facilitate development of new therapies, the Amyloidosis Forum (a public-private partnership between the US Food and Drug Administration and the nonprofit Amyloidosis Research Consortium) held a series of meetings and formed multiple working groups to identify clinical trial end points and analytic strategies. This report summari

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… Outcome measures were prioritized based on clinical relevance, available natural history data and/or clinical experience, relevant time horizon to detect change, meaningful thresholds or minimal clinically important differences, and gaps in knowledge regarding that end point. …

Integrating Emerging Data Into Clinical Practice: A Case-Based Approach for Multiple Myeloma.

Selected Patient Cases From the APSHO Regional Lecture SeriesINTRODUCTION As the official publication of the Advanced Practitioner Society for Hematology and Oncology (APSHO), JADPRO is pleased to offer Part 2 of an accredited educational activity based on the recently concluded APSHO Regional Lecture Series. Hosted in collaboration with major cancer centers around the country, the APSHO Regional Lecture Series brought case-based didactic presentations and skills workshops to advanced practitioners. In the spirit of JADPRO, three accredited Grand Rounds articles by Beth Eaby-Sandy, MSN, CRNP,

Thalidomide in the treatment of erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) in an outpatient setting: A five-year retrospective analysis from a leprosy referral centre in India.

Erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL), or type 2 lepra reaction, is a multi-system immune-mediated complication in patients with multibacillary leprosy, frequently associated with chronicity and recurrences. Management of ENL requires high doses of oral corticosteroids, which may not be universally effective and pose serious adverse effects. Thalidomide has proven to be a steroid-sparing agent and is useful in controlling the reactions. However, many centres do not employ it in outpatient settings due to adverse effects and teratogenicity risk. Hence, we studied the feasibility of treating ENLs and

Uncovering the knowledge about systemic amyloidosis relevant to the rheumatologists.

Amyloidosis is a localized or systemic disease caused by deposition of proteins in the extracellular space of various organs and tissues. As part of the disease, proteins that were originally soluble misfold and acquire a fibrillar conformation that renders them insoluble and resistant to proteolysis. Systemic amyloidosis is a rare, often underdiagnosed condition. In recent years, the incidence of newly diagnosed cases of amyloidosis has been increasing in association with the aging of the population and greater access to diagnostic tests. From a clinical perspective, systemic amyloidosis is f

Enteral versus parenteral nutrition in auto-HCT: a randomized controlled trial on clinical outcomes and gut microbiome dynamics.

Disruption of the gut microbiome is a common consequence of chemotherapy, linked with detrimental treatment outcomes (e.g. sepsis), especially in haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) recipients. Preclinical data suggest that enteral nutrition (EN) is superior to parenteral nutrition (TPN), minimising gut atrophy and promoting eubiosis; yet, TPN continues to be used. Here, we evaluated the clinical effects of EN and TPN in autologous HCT recipients and their influence on gut microbiome dynamics. Despite efforts to optimise delivery, EN was poorly tolerated and ultimately proved unfeasible.

The role of vitamin D in hematologic disease and stem cell transplantation.

Vitamin D is a steroid hormone with a broad range of biological effects ranging from the classical role as a mediator of calcium and phosphate balance to cellular differentiation and immune modulation. These effects impact normal and dysfunctional hematopoietic and immune function, which may allow an avenue for improved treatment and support of patients suffering from hematologic disorders. In this review, we will summarize the role of vitamin D in normal hematopoiesis, discuss ways in which vitamin D may improve outcomes, and discuss a potential role of vitamin D for treating hematologic diso

Therapeutic Applications of Stem Cells and Extracellular Vesicles in Emergency Care: Futuristic Perspectives.

Regenerative medicine (RM) is an interdisciplinary field that aims to repair, replace or regenerate damaged or missing tissue or organs to function as close as possible to its physiological architecture and functions. Stem cells, which are undifferentiated cells retaining self-renewal potential, excessive proliferation and differentiation capacity into offspring or daughter cells that form different lineage cells of an organism, are considered as an important part of the RM approaches. They have been widely investigated in preclinical and clinical studies for therapeutic purposes. Extracellula

Non-Exosomal and Exosomal Circulatory MicroRNAs: Which Are More Valid as Biomarkers?

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs with approximately 19-25 nucleotides that are involved in regulating a range of developmental and physiological processes. Non-exosomal circulating and exosomal miRNAs have also been proposed to be useful in diagnostics as biomarkers for diseases and different types of cancer. In this review, the quantity of miRNAs and of reliable experimental data analyses of miRNAs that come from exosomal and non-exosomal sources are discussed from the perspective of their use as biomarkers for cancer and other diseases, including viral infections, nerv