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Intramuscular interferon beta-1a therapy initiated during a first demyelinating event in multiple sclerosis. CHAMPS Study Group.

BACKGROUND: Treatment with interferon beta has been shown to help patients with established multiple sclerosis, but it is not known whether initiating treatment at the time of a first clinical demyelinating event is of value. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind trial of 383 patients who had a first acute clinical demyelinating event (optic neuritis, incomplete transverse myelitis, or brain-stem or cerebellar syndrome) and evidence of prior subclinical demyelination on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. After initial treatment with corticosteroids, 193 patients were ra…

Multiple sclerosis is associated with enhanced B cell responses to the ganglioside GD1a.

The occurrence and role of autoantibodies to gangliosides and other lipid-containing components of the central nervous system in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) are unsettled. Using sensitive ELISAs, we measured IgG and IgM antibody titers and absorbances to the three major gangliosides GD1a, GD1b and GM1, and to sulfatides, cardiolipin and myelin proteins in paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with untreated MS, optic neuritis (ON), acute aseptic meningo-encephalitis (AM) and other neurological diseases (OND). Twenty-three per cent of 30 MS (P<0.04) and 18% of 32 ON patients (P<0…

Optimal management of amiodarone therapy: efficacy and side effects.

OBJECTIVES: To review management and dosing guidelines for amiodarone therapy, and discuss the drug's adverse event profile. METHODS: Revie … ars of therapy. Clinically important hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism occur in 2-10% of patients. Optic neuritis or neuropathy in which patients experience decreased or blurred vision may progress to permanent blindness. Abnormalities in liver function tests, especially elevated aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase levels, are seen in 4-25% of patients. N …

Acute retinal necrosis in the course of AIDS: study of 26 cases.

OBJECTIVE: To report 26 cases of acute retinal necrosis (ARN) in HIV-infected patients, to compare these data with the literature and to dis … ost frequent presenting syndrome is a decrease of visual acuity, but signs related to a retrobulbar optic neuritis may also be present. In 60-90% of cases, vesicular viral eruption, usually shingles, precedes the onset of ARN by several days. Occasionally, neurological impairment is also present. Progression to blindness occurs in 76-85% of cases, bilaterally in …

[Serial magnetic resonance imaging of spinal syrinx formation in a case of multiple sclerosis].

A 27-year-old woman had a subacute onset of back pain, dysesthesia and weakness of both arms. Neurological examination revealed bilateral py … peared after three months. Two months after the second episode of myelopathy, she experienced right optic neuritis, resolving substantially within three weeks. This case was diagnosed as definite multiple sclerosis based on the clinical and radiological findings.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

[A proposal for endonasal middle meatal antrostomy].

With increase of cases with mild chronic sinusitis, especially the cases combined with nasal allergy, endonasal sinus surgery has been subst … osition. This surgery was applied to 34 patients (7 children, 27 adults), (2 antrochoanal polyps, 5 optic neuritis, 3 maxillary sinusitis, 17 pansinusitis, and 7 pansinusitis associated with nasal allergy). We have not experienced surgical complications and none of them also had closure of the antrostomy opening.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Продольный Visual Evoked Потенциальные изменения показывают отличную связь с релапсовой активностью и инвалидностью в релапсирующих-излучающих множественных склерозах: мультицентральное ретроспективное коотурное исследование.

Предыстория и цели: Визуальные потенциалы (ВВП) являются установленными инструментами для обнаружения оптического участия в множественном склерозе (МС); однако очевидное клиническое значение продольных изменений в запоздалости и амплитуде остается неясным. Цель этого исследовательского исследования заключалась в оценке клинической полезности серийных оценок VEP у пациентов с повторно излучающими MS (RRMS) путем изучения связей между временными изменениями в запоздалости и амплитуде и совпадающими признаками активности заболеваний и инвалидности. Материалы и методы: мы ретроспективно проанализи

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Background and Objectives: Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) are established tools for detecting optic pathway involvement in multiple scleros … rs who underwent at least two pattern-reversal VEP assessments ≥ 1 year apart. Patients with recent optic neuritis were excluded. Longitudinal changes in VEP latency and amplitude were evaluated in relation to relapse activity during the same inter-assessment interval, baseline MRI and CSF findings, and disability assessed by the Expanded Disability Status Scale …

Neuro-ophthalmology Consultations in an Academic Medical Center with an Emergency Department Equipped with Nonmydriatic Fundus Imaging.

PURPOSE: To compare our institution's emergency department (ED) and inpatient neuro-ophthalmology consultation patterns from 2024 (after imp … -ophthalmology consultations in the ED were concern for papilledema, other optic disc swelling, and optic neuritis. Eighty-four percent of patients seen as in-person ED consultations underwent nonmydriatic ocular imaging. The most common reasons for inpatient consultations were concern for papilledema, visual field defects, and diplopia. During the same period, …

French guidelines for the diagnosis and management of MOG antibody-associated disease.

MOG antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a new entity within the spectrum of autoimmune inflammatory diseases of the central nervous syste … frequently described, whereas in children over the age of 10 and in adults, unilateral or bilateral optic neuritis or acute myelitis is more often observed. Other, rarer presentations have also been reported, including encephalitic presentations with seizures. Radiologic findings can sometimes help guide the diagnosis: extensive anterior optic nerve involvement, …

Ocular Adverse Events Following Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection: A Self-controlled Case Series Study from the Entire Korean Population.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the risk of ocular adverse events, including retinal artery occlusion (RAO), retinal vein occlusion (RVO), noninfectious uveitis (NIU), noninfectious scleritis (NIS), optic neuritis (ON), ischemic optic neuropathy (ION), and ocular motor cranial nerve palsy (OMCNP), after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. DESIGN: Population-based self-controlled case series (SCCS). PARTICIPANTS: The study included patients from the entire Korean population of 52 million who experienced incident RAO, RVO, anterior NIU, nonanterior NIU, NIS, ON, ION, or OMCNP be…

MOG encephalomyelitis after vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2): case report and comprehensive review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: In around 20% of cases, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) immunoglobulin (IgG)-associated encephalomyelitis (MOG-EM; als … -positive (serum 1:1000, mainly IgG1 and IgG2; CSF 1:2; MOG-specific antibody index < 4) unilateral optic neuritis (ON) occurred 10 days after booster vaccination with BNT162b2, which had been preceded by two immunizations with the vector-based Oxford AstraZeneca vaccine ChAdOx1-S/ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 (AZD1222). High-dose steroid treatment with oral tapering resulted …

Spectrum of pediatric acquired demyelinating syndromes (PADS) of the central nervous system in a tropical developing country: A 10-year retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: Epidemiological data on the pediatric acquired demyelinating syndromes (PADS) in the Philippines has not been described previous … 7.3 %); acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (n = 20, 26.0 %); multiple sclerosis (n = 17, 22.1 %); optic neuritis (n = 13, 16.9 %); clinically isolated syndrome (n = 4, 5.2 %); and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (n = 2, 2.6 %). Overall, the mean age at initial event and at diagnosis were 10.6 ± 4.6 years. Female:male ratio was 1.02:1. On admission, the …

Neuromyelitis optica pathogenesis and aquaporin 4.

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a severe, debilitating human disease that predominantly features immunopathology in the optic nerves and the spinal cord. An IgG1 autoantibody (NMO-IgG) that binds aquaporin 4 (AQP4) has been identified in the sera of a significant number of NMO patients, as well as in patients with two related neurologic conditions, bilateral optic neuritis (ON), and longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis (LETM), that are generally considered to lie within the NMO spectrum of diseases. NMO-IgG is not the only autoantibody found in NMO patient sera, but the correlation of path…

The great imitator on the rise: ocular and optic nerve manifestations in patients with newly diagnosed syphilis.

PURPOSE: Ocular manifestations of syphilis have been reported in 2-10% of systemic infection. The purpose of this study was to report the incidence of ocular syphilis and various ocular manifestations, particularly optic nerve involvement, in newly diagnosed cases. METHODS: This was a retrospective study. Medical records of newly diagnosed syphilis patients between January 2009 and January 2017 in a tertiary medical centre were reviewed. RESULTS: There were 123 new systemic syphilis cases out of 569,222 (0.02%) admissions to the Tel Aviv Medical Center during the study period. Ninety-three o

[Ocular manifestations of syphilitic uveoretinitis in patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical manifestations of syphilitic uveoretinitis in patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus … roretinitis (32.7%), 27 eyes had vitritis (55.1%), 5 eyes had retinochoroiditis (10.2%), 5 eyes had optic neuritis (10.2%), 5 eyes had retinitis (10.2%) including 2 eyes with necrotizing retinitis (4.1%), 4 eyes had retinal vasculitis (8.2%). Two eyes (11.5%) presented with posterior placoid chorioretinitis (4.1%) and multifocal choroiditis (4.1%). Systemic mani …

Ganglion cell loss in relation to visual disability in multiple sclerosis.

PURPOSE: We used high-resolution spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) with retinal segmentation to determine how ganglion cell loss relates to history of acute optic neuritis (ON), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thinning, visual function, and vision-related quality of life (QOL) in multiple sclerosis (MS). DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS: A convenience sample of patients with MS (n = 122; 239 eyes) and disease-free controls (n = 31; 61 eyes). Among MS eyes, 87 had a history of ON before enrollment. METHODS: The SD-OCT images were captured using Macular Cube (2…

Measurement of acuity variations within the central visual field caused by neurological lesions.

We describe a method capable of quantitatively measuring the visual acuity of small, eccentrically-located areas of the visual field, even within the macular area. Fixation errors are minimized by presenting stimuli briefly and in random order. The method is more sensitive than Bjerrum screen campimetry in detecting hemianopic and quadrantic losses.

Tocilizumab in MOG-antibody spectrum disorder: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-related spectrum disorders (MOG-SD) are a heterogeneous group of inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system, usually responsive to conventional immunosuppressive therapies. However, knowledge about treatment of non-responder patients is scarce. METHODS: We report on a 20-year-old MOG-SD patient who experienced clinical deterioration despite rituximab-induced B-cell depletion. RESULTS: Rescue therapy with tocilizumab (TCZ) prevented further relapses, with reduction of spinal-cord load on MRI, and a remarkable redu