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Case Report: Treating obstructive sleep apnea with maxillomandibular advancement surgery in a case with a previously reconstructed mandible.

BACKGROUND: Maxillomandibular advancement (MMA) serves as a surgical option for the management of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, its application in patients with a previously reconstructed mandible is rarely reported and technically challenging. This paper reports a case of MMA for OSA in a patient who had undergone mandibular reconstruction. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 53-year-old male, who previously received mandibular reconstruction with a fibula flap, underwent MMA for severe OSA [apnea hypopnea index (AHI) = 35.2]. Virtual surgical planning with patient-specific guides and osteosy…

[From vibration trauma to disturbed sensorimotor function: The beginning of a vicious circle in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)?].

Knowledge of the anatomy and neural innervation of the oropharynx and larynx is essential for understanding vital functions such as breathing, swallowing, coughing, and speaking. This article provides an overview of the sensorimotor innervation of the upper airway structures. The upper airway should be richly equipped with receptors and sensory nerve fibers due to its critical role in life-preserving protective reflexes. It is well established that patients with obstructive sleep apnea develop sensorimotor neuropathy over time. It is an interesting hypothesis that vibrations of the upper airwa…

A photoplethysmography-based home sleep apnea test compared with polysomnography in children 2 to 6 years of age.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine the accuracy and feasibility of utilizing a photoplethysmography-based home sleep apnea test (PPG-HSAT) in children ages 2 to 6 years. METHODS: Fifty children aged 2 to 6 years referred for polysomnography (PSG) for evaluation of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) were prospectively enrolled to wear the SleepImage PPG-HSAT concurrently during in-lab PSG. This is a ring-worn PPG-HSAT scored using proprietary SleepImage software. Thirty-nine participants completed testing. A "limited PSG" dataset was created by trimming PSG data to match periods when PPG-HSAT d…

Canine brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome as a model for studying the effects of obstructive sleep apnea during pregnancy.

Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) in dogs shares pathophysiological features with human obstructive sleep apnea, presenting different degrees of airway obstruction. Thus, the severity of the disorder may result in negative pregnancy consequences differently. This study aimed to compare the effects of BOAS severity throughout gestation on maternal clinical status, uteroplacental hemodynamics, and fetal development. Bitches were grouped according to BOAS symptomatic manifestation as mild (n = 5), severe BOAS (n = 5), and non-BOAS groups (control; n = 5). Along gestation (early, m…

The mediating role of cardiac autonomic imbalance in the association between hypoxic burden and dyslipidemia in obstructive sleep apnea.

BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with cardiac autonomic dysfunction and impaired lipid homeostasis. We investigated whether cardiac autonomic imbalance mediates the association between hypoxic burden (HB) and dyslipidemia. METHODS: Between January 2022 and March 2026, we consecutively enrolled 2,580 patients with suspected OSA for cross-sectional evaluation. All underwent overnight polysomnography and fasting lipid profiling. HB served as the exposure, heart rate variability (HRV) indices (pNN50 and LF/HF ratio) as mediators, and lipid parameters (LDL-C, total cholester…

Narcolepsy Type 2 in an Adolescent With Childhood Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Coexisting Absence Epilepsy: A Case Report.

Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological disorder of sleep-wake regulation whose cardinal features include pathological daytime somnolence and dysregulation of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. It is frequently underdiagnosed in adolescents owing to symptom overlap with psychiatric, behavioral, and prior sleep disorders, including childhood obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Narcolepsy type 2 (NT2), defined by excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) without cataplexy, poses particular diagnostic challenges due to the absence of a single pathognomonic feature. We report an 18-year-old female who presented wit…

Adjunctive pillar suturing or pharyngoplasty in pediatric adenotonsillectomy for obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether pillar suturing or pharyngoplasty added to tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy provides additional benefit in children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched from database inception to October 2025. REVIEW METHODS: Randomized controlled trials and nonrandomized comparative studies comparing tonsillectomy with adjunctive pharyngoplasty or pillar suturing versus tonsillectomy alone in pediatric OSA were included. Primary outcomes were polysomnography-derived parameters, inclu…

Impact of complete dentures on pharyngeal volumes of edentulous individuals with obstructive sleep apnea: A pilot clinical study.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Evidence remains scarce regarding the impact of complete denture use on velopharyngeal (VP), oropharyngeal (OP), hypopharyngeal (HP), and total pharyngeal (TP) volumes in edentulous patients, as assessed by 3-dimensional imaging. PURPOSE: This pilot clinical study evaluated the effects of complete denture use on VP, OP, HP, and TP volumes in edentulous participants with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Edentulous participants using complete dentures with mild (OSA-1, n=11), moderate (OSA-2, n=9), and severe OSA …

Over-hydration as a key modifiable predictor of obstructive sleep apnea severity in dialysis patients with daytime sleepiness.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common yet frequently goes undiagnosed in end-stage kidney disease patients, contributing to morbidity and mortality. As standard polysomnography is burdensome for dialysis patients, this study aimed to evaluate the utility of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) for screening for OSA and to identify modifiable risk factors in end-stage kidney disease patients with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). This single-center, cross-sectional study enrolled 40 dialysis patients (24 hemodialysis, 16 peritoneal dialysis [PD]) with EDS (ESS score > 10). Participants underw…

Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation and Hypoxic Burden in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Secondary Analysis of the STAR Trial.

IMPORTANCE: Hypoglossal nerve stimulation has been shown to reduce Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) scores in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA); however, its effect on hypoxic burden (HB), a physiologic marker closely associated with OSA-related risks, remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether hypoglossal nerve stimulation therapy is associated with reduced HB in patients with OSA, and whether any HB reduction improves daytime sleepiness. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a secondary analysis of the Stimulation Therapy for Apnea Reduction (STAR) trial, a multicenter, n…

Association of obstructive sleep apnea and continuous positive airway pressure on risk of corneal ulceration and surgical interventions.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with corneal ulceration and surgical intervention, and to assess the impact of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy on these outcomes. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study used data from the TriNetX electronic health record database. Adults aged ≥ 18 years with ≥ 1 year of ophthalmology follow-up were analyzed using nearest-neighbor propensity score matching (demographics and comorbidities standardized mean differences < 0.1). Three matched analyses were performed: OSA versus controls without OSA (n =…

Independent association of serum IgA levels with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy.

BACKGROUND: Adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH) is the leading cause of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children. While the role of allergic inflammation (IgE-mediated) has been widely studied, the contribution of mucosal immunity-specifically Immunoglobulin A (IgA)-to disease severity remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum immune markers and OSA severity and to construct a multivariate diagnostic model for moderate-to-severe disease. METHODS: A total of 110 children diagnosed with ATH were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Based on polysomnography …

Частота и характерные особенности осложнений сна среди пациентов с множественным склерозом: систематический обзор и мета-анализ.

КОЛИЧЕСТВО: Пациенты с множественным склерозом (МС) сообщают о высокой распространенности фрагментации сна и низком качестве сна. Однако связь между сном и MS плохо понятна. ЦЕЛИ: Определение распространенности обструктивной апноэ сна (ОСА) среди пациентов, имеющих MS, оценка различий между пациентами с MS и здоровым контролем в показателях сна, обнаруженных в полисомнографии, и оценка воздействия показателей КСС на индексы инвалидности. ДЕСИГН: Систематический обзор и метаанализ. МЕТОДЫ: сентябрь 29, 2025Мы обыскали Паббмеда, Эмбазу, Скопуса, СИНАХЛ и ЦЕНТРАЛЬ. Критерии включения включали в с

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) report high prevalence of sleep fragmentation and poor sleep quality. However, the relationship between sleep and MS is poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: To identify the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) among patients with MS, assess the difference between patients with MS and healthy controls in sle…

Exploring the therapeutic potential of GLP-1 receptor agonists in the management of obstructive sleep apnea: a comprehensive review.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep disorder marked by repeated episodes of partial or complete upper airway obstruction during sleep, which leads to intermittent hypoxia and fragmented sleep. These disruptions negatively impact cardiovascular health, metabolic function, and overall quality of life. Obesity is a major modifiable risk factor for OSA, as it contributes to both anatomical and physiological mechanisms that increase the likelihood of airway collapse during sleep. While continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy remains the gold standard for OSA treatment, its…

A novel machine learning model for screening the risk of obstructive sleep apnea using craniofacial photography with questionnaires.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Undiagnosed or untreated moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) increases cardiovascular risks and mortality. Early and efficient detection is critical, given its high prevalence. We aimed to develop a practical and efficient approach for OSA screening, using simple facial photography and sleep questionnaires. METHODS: We retrospectively included 748 participants who completed polysomnography, sleep questionnaires (STOP-BANG), and facial photographs at a university hospital between 2012 and 2023. Owing to class imbalance, we randomly undersampled the participants, …

Revisiting the efficiency and necessity of adenotonsillectomy in children with mild obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Adenotonsillar hypertrophy is the leading cause of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children, with adenotonsillectomy (AT) being the most common surgical treatment. Although AT is widely performed, its efficacy in treating mild OSA remains uncertain. Current literature suggests that children with mild OSA might benefit from non-surgical management, but there is a lack of evidence ND studies evaluating the outcomes of AT specifically for mild OSA. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to provide conclusive insights into the effectiveness of adenotonsillectomy in imp…

DHECA score: A decision-making score to identify the need for CPAP treatment beyond the apnea-hypopnea index.

PURPOSE: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent condition. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the preferred treatment for a significant number of patients, but there is no established consensus among various guidelines or recommendations regarding its indication. This study reports on the level of agreement among an international Spanish-speaking group of OSA experts to create a consensus score that will facilitate the simple identification of CPAP indications for patients with OSA. METHODS: Thirty-three sleep medicine specialists from various countries analyzed the cr…

Racial and Ethnic and Sex Differences in At-Home Estimates of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Parameters among Diverse Adults.

Rationale: Racial and ethnic and sex differences in sleep may exist, but limited data directly compare objective estimates of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), particularly in rapid eye movement (REM) versus non-REM (NREM) sleep, among Black, Mexican American and non-Hispanic White (NHW) adults. Objectives: To determine whether OSA parameters during REM and NREM sleep differ by race, ethnicity, or sex in community-dwelling adults. Methods: The DORMIR study conducted a comprehensive sleep examination among Black, Mexican American, and NHW adults 50 years of age and older enrolled in the ongoing HA…

Sex difference in the hyoid bone position in adults with obstructive sleep apnea: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

The hyoid bone exhibits potential sex-based variations and is implicated in the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Sex-specific comparisons are lacking. The present meta-analysis aimed to address this gap.The Embase, MEDLINE and Web of Science databases were searched. The inclusion criteria were as follows: studies that reported the measurements of the hyoid bone-mandibular plane distance (HMP), demonstrated in cephalometric imaging (CEPH) in patients with OSA of both sexes, involving a polysomnography (PSG) examination with the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), as well as information on the…

Moderate to Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea Is a Risk Factor for Severe COVID-19-A Nationwide Cohort Study.

The impact of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and positive airway pressure (PAP) treatment on COVID-19 severity is unclear. In this population-based, nationwide study using multi-register data, we aimed to assess if OSA is a risk factor for COVID-19 severity and how adherence to PAP treatment and clinical characteristics affect the risk. Swedish residents with COVID-19 infection January 2020-May 2022 were included. An exposed group of OSA (starting PAP treatment 2015-2019) was identified. COVID-19 severity outcome was defined as mild (non-hospitalised), severe (hospitalised) or critical (intensi…