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Intrathecal Delivery of Macromolecules to the Spinal Cord Enabled by Laser-Activated Perfluorocarbon Nanodroplets.

The lack of safe, minimally invasive strategies for targeted drug delivery to the spinal cord remains a major barrier to treating neurodegenerative disease and spinal injury. Intrathecally administered macromolecules, including gene therapy vectors, rarely penetrate spinal tissue at therapeutically relevant concentrations due to cellular barriers at the cerebrospinal fluid-spinal cord interface. Here, we demonstrate the application of laser-activated perfluorocarbon nanodroplets (PFCnDs) for nonsurgical, spatially controlled delivery from the subarachnoid space into spinal cord parenchyma. Fol…

Sexual Dysfunction and Infertility in Male Patients With Spinal Cord Injury: A Narrative Review.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a life-altering neurological condition that profoundly impairs male sexual function, fertility potential, and overall quality of life (QoL), affecting multiple aspects of physical, psychological, and social well-being. These effects arise from a complex interplay of neurological disruption, autonomic dysfunction, endocrine alterations, and psychosocial factors, with the level and completeness of injury serving as key determinants of functional outcomes. In recent years, growing evidence has highlighted the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms of sexual dysfuncti…

Correction: Spinal cord injury and electrical stimulation: analysis of neuroplasticity in a case report.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2025.1557010.].

Role of MRI in Acute Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The clinical indications and added value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the acute phase of spinal cord injury (SCI) remain under investigation. Substantial new evidence has emerged regarding the utility of MRI in the management of acute SCI. Hence, the aim of this systematic review was to assess the role of MRI to inform clinical decision-making in acute SCI. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Database searches (Medline, Embase, CENTRAL) were conducted from inception to March 2026 to identify studies addressing six key questions: di…

Multiomics Profiling Identifies Tlr4 as a Therapeutic Target of Necroptosis in Spinal Cord Injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to a complex cascade of cellular events, among which necroptosis plays a critical role in exacerbating neuronal injury and inflammation. In this study, we aimed to identify and validate key genes associated with necroptosis in SCI using bulk RNA-seq data, followed by differential analysis and weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA). We identified several candidate necroptosis-related genes, and further least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression highlighted five SCI-necroptosis differentially expressed genes (DEGs): toll-like re…

Vertebral formula variability is coupled with spinal cord anatomy changes in the spiny mice.

BACKGROUND: The spiny mouse is a promising model for central nervous system regeneration. Intraspecific lumbosacral vertebral variation was revealed in spiny mice: two main formulae were described (VL5-VS5 and VL6-VS4). At the same time, no data about the possible link between the vertebrae formulae and the spinal cord organization exist. METHODS: The present study compares the spine and spinal cord in spiny mice with two lumbosacral vertebrae formulae using morphometric analysis, axonal tracing, immunohistochemical protocol, and Hu invariant moments analysis. RESULTS: With the total number …

The Meaning of Sedentary Behavior for People with Spinal Cord Injury: A Reflexive Thematic Analysis.

Background/Objectives: On average, people with spinal cord injury (SCI) accumulate 10-13 h of sedentary behavior a day. It is unclear what people with SCI know about sedentary behavior and its potential impact. The purpose of this study was to examine how people with SCI interpret sedentary behavior, particularly sitting, and media messaging about sedentary behavior and sitting. Methods: We used semi-structured interviews to explore the meaning of sedentary behavior among people with SCI. We recruited 12 participants who were medically stable, living in the community, had a chronic SCI, and pr…

Dynamics of spinal cord and vertebral column development during the postnatal ontogenesis of the cat.

Data on the structure and postnatal ontogenesis of the vertebral column and spinal cord are of great importance for neurobiology. The present study is devoted to a morphometric analysis of the spinal cord and vertebral column of the cat during the period from birth to adulthood. A complex pattern of postnatal development of both structures was revealed. It was established that the growth rate of vertebral length depends on the rostrocaudal position of the vertebrae: it is similar in VC3-VT10 and increases in the caudal direction, reaching a maximum in VL5. The growth rate of segment length dem…

Involvement of the reticulospinal tract in the pathogenesis of spasticity after stroke and spinal cord injury.

Spasticity occurs due to central nervous system (CNS) injuries such as stroke, spinal cord injury, cerebral palsy, or multiple sclerosis. Following CNS injury, spasticity does not appear immediately but emerges several days to weeks later and is believed to be the result of maladaptive changes due to neuroplastic alterations. Previously, research on the pathophysiology of spasticity has primarily focused on the spinal cord, leading to the elucidation of its mechanisms. Although the involvement of upper motor neurons has been suggested, definitive studies on the underlying pathophysiology have …

Связь между патологией спинного мозга, вызванной вирусом, и генетическим фоном носителя.

Инфекция вируса мюрин-энцефаломиелита (TMEV) у мышей использовалась для изучения различных неврологических заболеваний, включая множественный склероз и эпилепсию. В ходе этого исследования 5 штаммов мышей, участвующих в сотрудничестве (КЦ), были заражены ТМЕВ и осмотрены в клиническом и гистологическом отношении в 4, 14 и 90 дней после заражения (dpi). Во всех испытанных штаммах КЧ были обнаружены поясничные повреждения спинного мозга и/или брюшного периферического нерва 14 dpi; CC027, CC023 и CC078 повреждения при 4 dpi. При 90 dpi повреждения были остатками подстрекательских реакций, связанн

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) infection in mice has been used to study diverse neurological diseases, including multiple s … d histologically at days 4, 14, and 90 post-infection (dpi). All CC strains tested exhibited lumbar spinal cord and/or ventral peripheral nerve lesions by 14 dpi; CC027, CC023, and CC078 strains exhibited lesions at 4 dpi. At 90 dpi, lesions were remnants of the inflammatory responses associated with earlier infection; there was skeletal muscle atrophy in the …

Neuregulin 2 reversed astrocytosis in the spinal cord in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

INTRODUCTION: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is classified as a neurodegenerative disorder without efficacious therapeutic interventions. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated the deposition of b-amyloid peptide (Ab) in the spinal cord in several mouse AD models. Neuregulin 2 (Nrg2), structurally homologous to neuregulin 1 (Nrg1), exerts a regulatory influence over various biological processes within the nervous system. However, the neuroprotective role of Nrg2 in the spinal cord in AD remains unclear. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) was employed to confirm the expression …

A comprehensive review of the supraspinal mechanisms of spinal cord stimulation on chronic pain and cognition.

Chronic pain is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. It can result in a significant reduction in quality of life and has been associated with decreased neurocognitive performance in attention, memory, and processing speed. Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a surgical treatment option for drug-refractory chronic pain. Although SCS can improve pain perception and related physical well-being, the mechanisms by which SCS improves pain perception and affects cognition remain largely unknown. Here, we review the cognitive impairments and neuroanatomical changes that can arise from chron…

[Progress of researches on acupuncture treatment of spinal cord injury by promoting axonal regeneration].

Based on the growth factor theory, external inhibition theory, and neuronal intrinsic theory, we, in this paper, summed up the potential mechanisms of acupuncture in the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI) by promoting the axonal regeneration in recent years. Acupuncture can promote the repairment of SCI by (1) regulating the expressions of spinal cord growth factors (such as nerve growth factor, brain derived neurotrophic factor, neurotrophin-3, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, ciliary neurotrophic factor, insulin-like growth factor, etc.) to support neuronal survival and axon g…

Mindfulness- and acceptance-based interventions for people with spinal cord injury: a scoping review.

STUDY DESIGN: Scoping review. OBJECTIVE: To synthesize the effects of mindfulness- and acceptance-based interventions (MABIs) on health-related outcomes of individuals with spinal cord injury. SETTING: The included studies were conducted across four countries: The United States, Iran, China, and The United Kingdom. METHODS: This review followed the Arksey and O'Malley framework and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guideline. Seven databases were searched until November 2024 to identify studies published in English-language …

Assistive technology at work: a metasynthesis of the perspectives of people with spinal cord injury/damage.

Assistive technology (AT) can improve functional and technical capacity in the context of work for people with spinal cord injury/damage (SCI/D). This metasynthesis aimed to explore how AT is used to support the study and employment goals of people with SCI/D and their experiences of using AT for study or work. Six electronic databases (CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) were systematically searched for qualitative studies reporting the lived experiences of people with SCI/D regarding the role of AT products in higher education or work. Twenty-three eligible studies were…

Davunetide promotes structural and functional recovery of the injured spinal cord by promoting autophagy.

After spinal cord injury, programmed cell death is common. In this context, autophagy plays a crucial role in clearing cellular debris, while necroptosis exacerbates neuroinflammation and further damages neural structures. The neuroprotective drug davunetide has shown substantial therapeutic effects on brain diseases, but its role in treating spinal cord injury remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of davunetide on cell death after spinal cord injury. To do this, we established a mouse model of spinal cord contusion and administered davunetide intrana…

In vivo estimation of motor unit intrinsic properties in individuals with spinal cord injury.

BACKGROUND: Individuals who have experienced spinal cord injury (SCI) may exhibit various muscle-related neurophysiological adaptations, including alterations in motor unit (MU) size and firing behavior. However, due to the technical challenges of in vivo measurement, our understanding of the alterations in the electrophysiological parameters of these MUs remains limited. This study proposed an integrated approach using high-density electromyography (HD-EMG) decomposition and motor neuron (MN) modelling to estimate the intrinsic properties of MUs in vivo and investigated alterations of these p…