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Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) Programme, phase I (cardiovascular system).

PURPOSE: The main objective of the Bushehr Elderly Health Programme, in its first phase, is to investigate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and their association with major adverse cardiovascular events. PARTICIPANTS: Between March 2013 and October 2014, a total of 3000 men and women aged ≥ 60 years, residing in Bushehr, Iran, participated in this prospective cohort study (participation rate=90.2%). FINDINGS TO DATE: Baseline data on risk factors, including demographic and socioeconomic status, smoking and medical history, were collected through a modified WHO MONICA questionnai…

Maternal body mass index and risk of birth and maternal health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based cohort studies of maternal body mass index (BMI) and risk of adverse … elop gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia or pregnancy-induced hypertension in Brazil, China, India, Iran or Thailand. The highest PAR of low birthweight attributable to maternal underweight was found in Iran (20%), followed by India (18%), Thailand (10%) and China (8%). Treatment and prevention of maternal underweight, overweight or obesity may help re …

The Social Consequences of Infertility among Iranian Women: A Qualitative Study.

BACKGROUND: Infertility may prevent couples to achieve the desired social roles and lead to some social and psychological problems. This study aimed to explain the social consequences of infertility in Iranian women seeking treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A qualitative content analysis was conducted based on 32 semi-structured interviews with 25 women affected by primary and secondary infertility with no surviving children. The participants were purposefully selected with maximum variability from a fertility health research center in Tehran, Iran, from January to October 2012. Data were col…

The efficacy of Achilles millefolium topical gel along with intralesional injection of glucantime in the treatment of acute cutaneous leishmaniasis major.

BACKGROUND: Leishmaniasis is still one of the endemic parasitic infections in many countries comprising Iran. During the past decades, several medical and surgical approaches have been applied and studied to achieve the best option to treat the cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran and the world. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of topical Achilles millefolium in conjunction with intralesional glucantime on acute cutaneous leishmanial lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: sixty patients with confirmed acute cutaneous leishmaniasis were recruited in the study. Patients were randomly alloc…

Entomological study of sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) in Asalouyeh, the heartland of an Iranian petrochemical industry.

OBJECTIVE: TO INVESTIGATE THE FAUNA AND SEASONAL ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT SPECIES OF SAND FLIES (DIPTERA: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) in Asalouyeh, the heartland of an Iranian petrochemical industry, Southern Iran, as a oil rich district. Sand flies are the vectors of at least three different kinds of disease, the most important of which is leishmaniasis, and it is a major public health problem in Iran with increased annual occurrence of clinical episodes. METHODS: A total of 3 497 sand flies of rural regions were collected by sticky traps fixed, and cleared in puris medium and identified morpho…

Knowledge of Iranian general practitioners for acetaminophen dosing in children.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore the knowledge of a randomly selected cohort of Iranian general practitioners (GPs) on the topic of acetaminophen dosing for fever in children. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, which was conducted in March 2011 in Isfahan (Iran) 515 GPs who were practicing general family medicine were sent a self-administered 10-item questionnaire about the usage of acetaminophen for fever in pediatric patients. Questions were designed to evaluate the knowledge of GPs on acetaminophen dosing amount and interval for fever in children and were formatted as multiple ch…

Scapular manipulation for reduction of anterior shoulder dislocation without analgesia: results of a prospective study.

OBJECTIVES: To the best of knowledge, this was the first study of scapular manipulation technique (SMT) in Asia. We conducted this prospective study to report our experiences of reducing anterior shoulder dislocation by SMT without analgesia in a large study group in Iran. METHODS: Scapular manipulation technique was applied to 111 patients presenting with anterior shoulder dislocation to the ED of the largest teaching hospital in north-east of Iran between January 2009 and January 2010. Reduction was performed without medication and if unsuccessful, the second attempt was carried out with i.…

Rapid detection of human Leishmania infantum infection: a comparative field study using the fast agglutination screening test and the direct agglutination test.

This study aimed to evaluate the performance of a fast agglutination screening test (FAST) for serodiagnosis of human Leishmania infantum infection in Iran. FAST is based on the direct agglutination test (DAT) but combines with a higher parasite concentration and is performed with only one serum dilution. The validity of FAST for the detection of L. infantum infection in the field was compared with the direct agglutination test on 110 confirmed or patients suspected of infection with leishmaniasis, 177 healthy individuals and 41 patients with other infectious diseases who were from northwester…

Increased goiter prevalence in schoolchildren of Isfahan despite long-term iodine sufficiency.

OBJECTIVE: Iodine Deficiency (ID) was for years considered a contributing factor for endemic goiter in Iran. The present study was conducted to assess the goiter prevalence and iodine status in schoolchildren of Isfahan 16 years after the initiation of salt iodization in Iran. DESIGN: 2331 schoolchildren, aged 6-13 years were selected by multistage random sampling. Thyroid size was estimated in each child by inspection and palpation and was graded according to the criteria recommended by WHO. Urinary Iodine Concentration (UIC) was also measured. RESULTS: Overall, 32.9% of the 2331 students h…

Civilian traumatic vascular injuries of the upper extremity:report of the Iranian national trauma project.

PURPOSE: The determination of the pattern of traumatic vascular injuries of the upper extremity in Iran was the aim of this study. METHODS: Data of the Iranian national trauma project were used to identify patients with upper extremity vascular injuries. This project was conducted in 8 major cities from 2000-2004. RESULTS: A total of 113 cases with 130 vascular injuries were found, including 2 axillary, 18 brachial, and 69 radial and ulnar arteries. In 91 cases (81%), penetrating trauma was responsible. Associated nerve and/or upper extremity fractures were seen in 20% and 18% of cases, resp…

Infestation of an owl (Bubo bubo) with Lucilia spp.

Myiasis is an infestation of tissue with the larval stage of dipterous flies. This condition mostly affects the skin but may also occur in c … hal-Bakhtiary province to the clinic of veterinary science at Shahrekord University in west central Iran. At the initial examination, clinical signs were extensive with a wound under the right wing. The wound was infested with 40 white conical maggots, 3-9 mm in length, which led to a diagnosis of myiasis in the owl. The maggots were carefully collecte …

Endemic goiter in Semirom; there is no difference in vitamin A status between goitrous and nongoitrous children.

BACKGROUND: Despite long-standing iodine supplementation in Iran, the prevalence of goiter remains high in some areas. This suggests other nutritional deficiencies may be considered as responsible factors for goiter persistence. In the present study we investigated the possible role of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) and low vitamin A status in the etiology of endemic goiter in Semirom, Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 1,828 students from 108 primary schools of urban and rural areas of Semirom were selected by multistage random cluster sampling. Thyroid size was estimate…

Distribution of TEM and SHV beta-lactamase genes among Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from patients in Tehran.

BACKGROUND: There are numerous types of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), of which TEM and SHV are predominant among Klebsiella pneumoniae strains. Nosocomial infections with strains of K. pneumoniae are common in healthcare centers in Iran. However, no information is available on the prevalence of different phenotypes of ESBL strains in Tehran hospitals. MATERIAL/METHODS: To determine the resistance of K. pneumoniae to beta-lactam antibiotics in Tehran hospitals, 145 isolates were tested using the disk diffusion method. The MICs for ceftazidime were also determined using microbroth …

Evaluation of different methods for diagnosis of Dirofilaria immitis.

Dirofilaria immitis, a common parasite of the cardiovascular system of the carnivores all over the world, is reported from dogs, cats and, humans in Iran. Knott method is the most common test for its diagnosis in many regions including Iran. In the present study, during one year period from 2002 to 2003, blood samples of 110 dogs were examined using modified Knott method and commercial antigen detect test kit (WITNESS CHW II kit). All dogs were subjected to necropsy to evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of both tests. In Knott method, 22 harbored dogs (20%) were microfilaraemic of which …

Effect of retinol on iron bioavailability from Iranian bread in a Caco-2 cell culture model.

OBJECTIVE: Iron and vitamin A deficiencies are among the most prevalent nutritional problems. There are no data on iron bioavailability in Iran. In addition, interaction of vitamin A with iron bioavailability is not well documented, so we determined iron bioavailability from the most widely consumed food in Iran, lavash bread, and the effect of vitamin A on this bioavailability. METHODS: In vivo human studies for determining iron bioavailability are cumbersome, time consuming, and costly to perform, so we used an in vitro model in Caco-2 cells. Bread samples were digested with or without vita…

Brain Parenchyma (pons) Involvement by Visceral Leishmaniasis: A Case Report.

Leishmaniasis, as a vector-borne disease, is transmitted by sandfly and caused by Leishmania protozoa. Brain involvement rarely occurs in visceral leishmaniasis. In this paper, a rare case of pons involvement by visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is reported. A 54 yr old man from Southwest of Iran (Yasuj) presented to the Emergency Ward with a 3-wk history of headache (continuous, throbbing, and general), fever, chills, weakness, anorexia, and weight loss.

Comparing Disease-Free Survival (DFS) and Overall Survival (OS) Rates in Breast Cancer Patients: Axillary Lymph Node Dissection (ALND) Versus Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (SLNB).

BACKGROUND: Examining the survival rate in breast cancer patients serves as a metric for assessing and advancing various treatment modalities. In light of the significant incidence of breast cancer in Iran, this study is aimed at examining and comparing the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates among breast cancer patients who underwent axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) and sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). PATIENTS AND METHODS: This retrospective cohort research included 1071 patients at Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran…

С точки зрения экспертов, факторы, влияющие на эффективность онлайновых образовательных программ в деле поощрения медицинской грамотности пациентов с РС: основанный на теории подход.

Программа обучения в онлайновом режиме стала многообещающим инструментом поощрения медицинской грамотности (HL) среди пациентов с множественным склерозом (MS). Вместе с тем определение факторов влияния имеет решающее значение для максимального повышения их эффективности. АИМ: Цель этого исследования состояла в том, чтобы разъяснить факторы, влияющие на эффективность онлайновых образовательных программ в деле пропаганды ВИЧ среди пациентов, страдающих НР в Иране. Методологии: Была использована качественная методология, основанная на наземной теории (GT), и участники были набраны на основе отбор

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Online educational programs have emerged as a promising tool for promoting health literacy (HL) among multiple sclerosis (MS) pa … ors affecting the effectiveness of online educational programs in promoting HL among MS patients in Iran. METHODS: A qualitative methodology based on Grounded Theory (GT) was employed and participants were recruited using snowball sampling. A total of 17 experts, including patient educators and HL experts, were interviewed until theoretical saturation …

Investigating Disaster Response Capability and Exploring Solutions to Improvement Response Process of Hospitals to the Infectious Diseases Pandemic: An Explanatory Sequential Mixed-Methods Study.

BACKGROUND: Hospitals play a crucial role in local and national responses to various emergencies and disasters, including outbreaks of communicable diseases. This study aimed to investigate the disaster response capabilities of hospitals and to explore solutions for improving their response processes to infectious disease pandemics (IDPs) in Iran. METHODS: This study employed an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design (quantitative and qualitative). In the quantitative phase, we assessed the response levels of reference hospitals (government, military, and private) in Kerman City, Iran, i…

Quality of spirometry tests in the field of occupational health.

BACKGROUND: The spirometry test is a valuable test to evaluate the performance of the respiratory system. The interpretation of the results is highly dependent on the quality of its performance, while the inappropriate quality results in unwanted consequences for individuals and the healthcare system. This study investigated the quality of spirometry tests performed in occupational health. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, the quality of 776 spirometry tests in different occupational centers by the specialists in Rasht, Iran, in 2020, based on the guidelines of the American Thoracic Soc…