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Nodular Scleritis Revealing Metastasis of Breast Cancer: Diagnosis Not to Be Neglected.

We report the case of ocular metastasis in a 48-year-old woman presenting left eye redness and pain. The patient was followed in another health institution for nodular scleritis and received systemic corticosteroids with moderate improvement. Medical history revealed that she was diagnosed three years ago with invasive ductal carcinoma of the left breast treated by tumorectomy with ganglion dissection. An ophthalmological examination found a hard scleral nodule with vascular architectural disorganization. A biopsy was performed, and the histopathological study revealed the presence of secondar

Elevated serum β-d-glucan levels in cavitary pulmonary nocardiosis.

An 86-year-old woman with Borrmann type III colorectal cancer (Union for International Cancer Control pT4aN2bM1c, pStage IVc) had received dexamethasone for the last 6 months as palliative care. She presented with a low-grade fever, chest pain and cough. Chest radiography on admission showed cavities and consolidations bilaterally in the upper lobes. A blood examination on admission revealed highly elevated serum β-d-glucan levels. The diagnosis by bronchoscopy was pulmonary nocardiosis. With trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and imipenem/cilastatin, the β-d-glucan levels were decreased, and chest

Case of atypical femoral fractures that mimicked the typical imaging findings of prostate cancer-induced bone metastasis.

INTRODUCTION: Atypical femoral fractures are atraumatic or minimally traumatic fractures and rare side effects of bone resorption inhibitors. Bone resorption inhibitors are frequently used in the treatment of prostate cancer. CASE PRESENTATION: A 62-year-old man complained of difficulty in walking and left lower limb pain. Androgen deprivation and denosumab therapy for prostate cancer-induced bone metastasis was initiated 27 months ago. Even though the prostate-specific antigen level did not increase, imaging studies indicated the possibility of bone metastasis. The patient underwent bone bio

Pituitary apoplexy: a rare complication of leuprolide therapy in prostate cancer treatment.

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, used widely in the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer and hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, are associated with a rare but potentially fatal outcome of pituitary apoplexy (PA). An 85-year-old man presented with sudden onset of headache, left eye pain, sensitivity to light, nausea and vomiting. The symptoms started 4 hours after initiation of leuprolide therapy for treatment of recently diagnosed metastatic prostate carcinoma. Radiological imaging of the brain demonstrated a heterogeneously enlarged pituitary gland measuring 19×16×13 mm and T

Necrotising Candida oesophagitis after thoracic radiotherapy: significance of oesophageal wall oedema on CT.

Although oesophageal candidiasis is usually a superficial mucosal infection, necrotising Candida oesophagitis has been reported to cause oesophageal perforation or lung abscess. We report the case of an elderly Japanese man presenting with painless dysphagia after thoracic radiotherapy for oesophageal cancer. Non-contrast CT demonstrated segmental and oedematous thickening of the oesophageal wall. Endoscopy revealed white plaques on the oesophageal mucosa. The patient's oesophagitis responded to systemic antifungal therapy, and did not lead to oesophageal perforation. He died of recurrent oeso

SAPHO syndrome with bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunotherapy for bladder cancer.

The authors describe a case of SAPHO syndrome with bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy for bladder cancer. The patient had undergone transurethral resection (TUR) and was treated with BCG immunotherapy following TUR. Two years after treatment for bladder cancer, the patient had palmoplantar pustulosis, and in the past 1 month suffered from pain localised to the anterior chest wall. The bone scintigraphy showed a strong focal enrichment in the right chest wall, suggesting spondyloarthropathy rather than malignant disease. On the basis of clinical and scintigraphy findings, SAPHO syndro

Diagnosis and management of pancreatic carcinoma during pregnancy.

BACKGROUND: Acute, persistent abdominal pain due to ruptured pancreatic carcinoma and perforated stomach is extremely rare during pregnancy. CASE: We evaluated a woman at 34 weeks of gestation presenting with uterine contractions. Computed tomography scanning revealed a large retroperitoneal mass, and her blood carbohydrate antigen 19-9 level was elevated. Immediately after an emergency cesarean delivery, pancreatic cancer was detected, and pancreatoduodenectomy was performed. The patient underwent chemotherapy and remains disease-free at 2 years. CONCLUSION: Delayed diagnosis and treatment

Neutropenic colitis during standard dose combination chemotherapy with nedaplatin and irinotecan for testicular cancer.

A 54-year-old man received combination chemotherapy with nedaplatin and irinotecan as salvage chemotherapy for refractory non-seminomatous testicular cancer. The patient developed abdominal pain and high fever on Day 21 after the initiation of chemotherapy. Computed tomography revealed thickening of the terminal ileum wall and paralytic ileus. The patient recovered with intensive supportive management including broad-spectrum antibiotics, bowel rest with gastric intubation and intravenous gamma-globulin. Neutropenic colitis has been thought to be a serious gastrointestinal complication associa

[An autopsy case of pseudomesotheliomatous adenocarcinoma of the lung complicated with brain stem infarction due to nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis].

A 53-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for back, left shoulder and upper limb pain. Chest radiography and CT on admission revealed right pleural effusion and a focal plate-like thickening of the major fissure. Pleural effusion cytology revealed adenocarcinoma, which was diagnosed as non-small-cell lung cancer with bone metastasis. The patient suffered from DIC, melena and multiple cerebral infarctions during chemotherapy and died on the eighth day of the second course of chemotherapy. Autopsy revealed a pseudomesotheliomatous adenocarcinoma covering the pleura of the right middle lobe,

Common anorectal conditions: Part I. Symptoms and complaints.

Anorectal symptoms and complaints are common and may be caused by a wide spectrum of conditions. Although most conditions are benign and may be successfully treated by primary care practitioners, a high index of suspicion for colorectal cancer should be maintained, and all patients should be appropriately investigated. Inspection, palpation and anoscopic examination using an Ive's slotted anoscope provide adequate initial assessment. Pruritus ani usually represents a self-perpetuating itch-scratch cycle and is uncommonly due to infection. The history, as well as the physical examination, can d

[A case of type 4 gastric cancer with peritoneal dissemination treated with intra-aortic chemotherapy].

A 45-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of lower abdominal pain and anorexia. A barium gastrography and gastroscopy showed a type 4 gastric cancer in the upper gastric body. Histologic study on biopsy specimens from the tumor revealed poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Computed tomography revealed bilateral hydronephrosis, and barium enema showed diffuse stenosis of the sigmoid colon because of peritoneal dissemination. This patient was treated by intra-aortic infusion therapy with sequential MTX and 5-FU. After five courses of the administration, barium enema revealed reex

[Diagnostic procedures in obscure cervical nodes in adults].

Cervical masses in adult patients should be regarded as metastatic until proven otherwise. Work-up must therefore begin with a thorough search for a possible primary cancer. 90% of all head and neck primaries that present with a cervical mass are located in the oral cavity, pharynx or larynx. Pain [particularly otalgia], dysphagia, nasal obstruction, unilateral hearing loss, and hoarseness are the most common key symptoms of these tumors. Cancer cannot always be ruled out, even with regression of symptoms following antibiotic treatment or normal laboratory findings. If no primary lesion is fou

[A case of pulmonary embolism following total prostatectomy].

A 73-year-old man presented to our hospital complaining of dysuria and nocturia. The examination revealed prostatic cancer. Metastatic cancer was not revealed by the examination. He underwent total prostatectomy and iliac lymphadenectomy. Pathological examination of the surgical specimen revealed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the prostate with right iliac lymph node metastasis. On the 33rd postoperative day, he suddenly developed chest pain, dyspnea, tachycardia, and tachypnea. Arterial PO2 was 62 mmHg, and chest X-ray showed right ventricular hypertrophy. Pulmonary perfusion sca

Gallbladder cancer with double pancreatic ducts--a case report.

Various forms of anomalous pancreatic ducts may be encountered. We treated a patient with very rare courses of pancreatic ducts associated with gallbladder cancer. The patient, a 65-year-old female, attended our hospital with epigastric pain and general malaise. Abdominal sonography and a CT scan led to the diagnosis of gallbladder cancer. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography revealed two main pancreatic ducts that followed a parallel course and joined the end of the common bile duct to form a common duct. The common duct opened at the ampulla of Vater. Thus, duplicated ducts of Wirs

Phase I/II Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial of Medicinal Cannabis on Quality of Life and Symptoms in Advanced Cancer: RESONANCE Trial Protocol.

PURPOSE: Medicinal cannabis is increasingly used in cancer care despite limited high-quality evidence to inform practice. It is increasingly legalized around the world; however, this has outpaced high-quality research on cancer symptom outcomes, leading to patient and prescriber uncertainty. This trial evaluates the safety profile, tolerability, and impact of medicinal cannabis on quality of life in advanced cancer. METHODS: This is a Phase I/II multicenter clinical trial. The Phase I component is open-label and aims to determine the safety profile and tolerability of medicinal cannabis use b

A case report of an alcoholic with delirium tremens diagnosed with hypopharyngeal cancer: Psychiatrists played important roles in the smooth diagnosis and treatments.

BACKGROUND: Alcohol use increases the risk of developing several types of cancer. Of these, hypopharyngeal cancer has one of the worst prognoses. Moreover, treating an alcoholic patient with hypopharyngeal cancer is often difficult. There are various treatments for hypopharyngeal cancer, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, depending on the state of the cancer and the patient's quality of life. Patients need physical, psychological, and social support in decision-making and post-treatment follow-up. This is especially true for alcoholic patients. CASE PRESENTATION: A 59-year-old

Cannabinoids for Symptom Management and Cancer Therapy: The Evidence.

Cannabinoids bind not only to classical receptors (CB1 and CB2) but also to certain orphan receptors (GPR55 and GPR119), ion channels (transient receptor potential vanilloid), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. Cannabinoids are known to modulate a multitude of monoamine receptors. Structurally, there are 3 groups of cannabinoids. Multiple studies, most of which are of moderate to low quality, demonstrate that tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and oromucosal cannabinoid combinations of THC and cannabidiol (CBD) modestly reduce cancer pain. Dronabinol and nabilone are better antiemetics f…

Association between cachexia, chemotherapy and outcomes in older cancer patients: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The aims of this systematic review were (i) to determine the prevalence of malnutrition and cachexia in older cancer patients in a chemotherapy setting, and (ii) to report the chemotherapy-related causes of malnutrition and (iii) the consequences of malnutrition on the outcomes of these patients. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE for articles published in English or French between 2005 and 2016 and which reported retrospective or prospective, observational or interventional studies of the prevalence of malnutrition and its consequences in patients 65 years or older with solid tu

Comparison of Doctors' and Breast Cancer Patients' Perceptions of Docetaxel, Epirubicin, and Cyclophosphamide (TEC) Toxicity.

In Spain, around 26,000 cases of breast cancer are diagnosed each year, representing nearly 30% of all cancers in women. The aim this study was to compare the perceptions of nonhematologic toxicities after administration of a docetaxel, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide (TEC) regimen between breast cancer patients and oncologists. Furthermore, the relationship between such adverse events and quality of life (QOL) was evaluated. Cross-sectional study carried out among 92 breast cancer patients who received TEC as neoadjuvant or adjuvant treatment. The main nonhematologic toxicities experienced b

Treatment and Prevention of Bone Metastases from Breast Cancer: A Comprehensive Review of Evidence for Clinical Practice.

Bone is the most common site of metastasis from breast cancer. Bone metastases from breast cancer are associated with skeletal-related events (SREs) including pathological fractures, spinal cord compression, surgery and radiotherapy to bone, as well as bone pain and hypercalcemia, leading to impaired mobility and reduced quality of life. Greater understanding of the pathophysiology of bone metastases has led to the discovery and clinical utility of bone-targeted agents such as bisphosphonates and the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANK-L) antibody, denosumab. Both are now

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