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Abstracts from the World Congress of Cardiology/Brazilian Congress of Cardiology 2022

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Анализ факторов риска для серьезных сердечно-сосудистых событий у пациентов с мультиплексной миеломой.

ЦЕЛЬ: Определить факторы риска для серьезных кардиоваскулярных событий (MACE) у пациентов с мультиплексной миеломой (ММ) и оценить эффективность внешней стратификации на основе рискового счёта. МЕТОДЫ: В результате ретроспективного анализа 162 новых случаев мультиплексной миеломы, лечившихся в Университете Цзиньдао (2017-2023). Собранные данные включали демографические характеристики на начальном этапе, сопутствующие заболевания, лабораторные и эхокардиографические показатели, а также экспозицию на лечение. Серьезные кардиоваскулярные события ( Failure heart, острый коронарный синдром, злокач

Positive Autoantibody Is Associated with Malignancies in Patients with Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias.

Various autoantibodies are associated with clinical outcomes in patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs). We retrospectively analyzed the association between autoantibodies and malignancies in IIP patients. Comprehensive analyses of autoantibodies were performed using immunoprecipitation and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in 193 consecutive IIP patients. Cancer-related factors were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. In total, 22 of 193 patients (11.4%) with IIP had malignant disease. In univariate analysis, positivity for any autoantibody (odds ratio (OR), 3.1; 95%

Case Report: Trametinib in the treatment of patients with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma harboring NF1 mutation: a case series and literature review.

BackgroundThe neurofibromin 1 (NF1) protein regulates the downstream RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway and functions as a tumor suppressor. Somatic pathogenic mutations in NF1 are found in approximately 4.7%-10% of NSCLC, with a higher frequency in lung adenocarcinomas, reaching up to 15% in certain cohorts. Trametinib, a MEK inhibitor, has demonstrated activity in tumors with NF1 alteration in preclinical models, and clinical activity in low-grade glioma and plexiform neurofibromas in neurofibromatosis type 1. Trametinib had only limited clinical efficacy in other tumor types with NF1 mutations in the

Scoping Review and Meta-Analysis Suggests that Cannabis Use May Reduce Cancer Risk in the United States.

Introduction:Cannabis smoke contains carcinogens similar to tobacco, in addition to compounds with antitumor activity. Cannabis use reduces the risk of obesity and cannabinoids inhibit chronic inflammation, known causes of cancer. The net effect of Cannabis use on cancer risk is not known. Objective: To examine the association between Cannabis use and cancer risk in the United States. Methods: Identify and analyze published data on cancer risk in Cannabis users. Results: A total of 55 data points, consisting of risk ratios of cancer in Cannabis users and nonusers, were identified from 34 studi

Pertussis in Individuals with Co-morbidities: A Systematic Review.

Pertussis is a highly contagious disease of the respiratory tract caused by Bordetella pertussis. Although the burden of pertussis is highest in children, available data suggests that pertussis in the elderly and those with underlying chronic conditions or illnesses can result in significant morbidity, mortality and costs. We undertook a comprehensive review to assess the association between pertussis and chronic conditions/illnesses. A search was undertaken on 17 June 2019 across EMBASE, Medline and BIOSIS. Citations were limited to those in English, in humans and published since 1 January 19

Excess Body Weight and the Risk of Second Primary Cancers Among Cancer Survivors.

ImportanceLittle is known about the causes of second primary cancers among individuals with a history of cancer. Descriptive studies have suggested that lifestyle factors, including excess body weight, may be important.ObjectiveTo investigate whether excess body weight is associated with the risk of a second primary malignant neoplasm among cancer survivors.Design, setting, and participantsThis cohort study of adults in 21 states in the US used data from the Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition cohort, a large prospective study that invited participants to respond to a survey in 1992 and bienn

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… Associations Between Body Mass Index (BMI) and the Risk of Developing a Second Primary Cancers Among 10,572 Participants in the Cancer Prevention Study II Diagnosed With a First Primary Cancer Among Non-Smokers eTable 8. … Associations Between Body Mass Index (BMI) and the Risk of Developing a Second Primary Cancers Among 10,572 Participants in the Cancer Prevention Study II Diagnosed With a First Primary Cancer Among Non-Smokers eTable 8. …

Cancer health disparities in racial/ethnic minorities in the United States.

There are well-established disparities in cancer incidence and outcomes by race/ethnicity that result from the interplay between structural, socioeconomic, socio-environmental, behavioural and biological factors. However, large research studies designed to investigate factors contributing to cancer aetiology and progression have mainly focused on populations of European origin. The limitations in clinicopathological and genetic data, as well as the reduced availability of biospecimens from diverse populations, contribute to the knowledge gap and have the potential to widen cancer health dispar

Association between Cholesterol Level and the Risk of Hematologic Malignancy According to Menopausal Status: A Korean Nationwide Cohort Study.

Recent studies have revealed the possible association between serum cholesterol levels and hematologic malignancy (HM). However, limited information is available about how reproductive factors interact with this association. Therefore, we investigated the roles of serum cholesterol in the risk of HM according to the menopausal status. We finally identified 1,189,806 premenopausal and 1,621,604 postmenopausal women who underwent a national health screening program in 2009 using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. Overall, 5449 (0.19%) developed HM. Among postmenopau

Pre-Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Lung Computed Tomography as an Alternative to the Pulmonary Function Test during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The pulmonary function test (PFT) is an important test for risk stratification before allogeneic transplantation (allo-HCT). However, it might be preferable to avoid PFT as much as possible in the recent era of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), because PFT requires forced expirations and might produce aerosols, increasing the risk of COVID-19 transmission. Therefore, we tried to predict normal PFT results before allo-HCT based on computed tomography (CT) findings. This study included 390 allo-HCT recipients at our center for whom lung CT images and PFT results before allo-HCT were available

Diagnostic spectrum and 2-year outcome in a cohort of patients with very early arthritis.

OBJECTIVES: To describe the diagnostic spectrum, arthritis persistency and clinical outcomes after 2 years in patients with inflammatory arthritis (IA) of less than 16 weeks' duration. METHODS: Data from the Norwegian Very Early Arthritis Clinic, a 2-year longitudinal observational study of adults with IA of ≤16 weeks' duration, were used. Exclusion criteria were arthritis due to crystal deposits, trauma, osteoarthritis and septic arthritis. In all patients who had any follow-up information (population A), clinical diagnoses and persistency of arthritis were described. For patients with 2-yea

Health inequalities in cancer care: a literature review of pathways to diagnosis in the United Kingdom.

This literature review discusses current health disparities in cancer care in the United Kingdom, spanning access to services, diagnosis, and outcomes. These inequities stem from a complex interplay of factors such as health literacy, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, age, gender, geography, and lifestyle choices. Health literacy plays a crucial role in timely healthcare seeking and diagnosis, while cultural beliefs significantly shape perceptions and behaviours. Socioeconomic barriers often result in delayed diagnosis and inferior outcomes due to limited access to preventive measures and high-

C-Reactive Protein Level: A Key Predictive Marker of Cachexia in Lymphoma and Myeloma Patients.

BACKGROUND: Cachexia is defined as an involuntary loss of weight, characterized by a loss of skeletal muscle mass with or without fat mass loss. It increases mortality risk and decreases quality of life in patients with lymphoma or myeloma. Early markers of cachexia are not identified. The objective of this work was to identify risk factor of cachexia in a cohort of patients with hematological malignancies to develop strategies to prevent cachexia and its consequences. METHODS: Clinical and biological parameters were collected before and at the end of the treatment. Quantification of weight l

Curcumin: An age-old anti-inflammatory and anti-neoplastic agent.

Curcumin is a natural anti-inflammatory agent that has been used for treating medical conditions for many years. Several experimental and pharmacologic trials have demonstrated its efficacy in the role as an anti-inflammatory agent. Curcumin has been shown to be effective in treating chronic conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, Alzheimer's and common malignancies like colon, stomach, lung, breast, and skin cancers. As treatments in medicine become more and more complex, the answer may be something simpler. This is a review article written with the objective to syst

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… One study demonstrated in 16 chronic smokers, in addition to 6 non-smokers as control, that when given 1.5 g curcumin a day for 30 days, there was a significant reduction in urinary mutagens found, whereas in the control group there was no change in the excretion of mutagens that was observed. …

Vitamin C-Sources, Physiological Role, Kinetics, Deficiency, Use, Toxicity, and Determination.

Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) has been known as an antioxidant for most people. However, its physiological role is much larger and encompasses very different processes ranging from facilitation of iron absorption through involvement in hormones and carnitine synthesis for important roles in epigenetic processes. Contrarily, high doses act as a pro-oxidant than an anti-oxidant. This may also be the reason why plasma levels are meticulously regulated on the level of absorption and excretion in the kidney. Interestingly, most cells contain vitamin C in millimolar concentrations, which is much highe

Utilization of Vertebroplasty/Kyphoplasty in the Management of Compression Fractures: National Trends and Predictors of Vertebroplasty/Kyphoplasty.

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to examine the utilization of kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty procedures in the management of compression fractures. With the growing elderly population and the associated increase in rates of osteoporosis, vertebral compression fractures have become a daily encounter for spine surgeons. However, there remains a lack of consensus on the optimal management of this patient population.MethodsA retrospective analysis of 91 million longitudinally followed patients from 2016 to 2019 was performed using the PearlDiver Patient Claims Database. Patients with compression

Global cancer statistics 2024: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 34 cancers in 186 countries.

This article provides updated global cancer statistics for the year 2024 based on the GLOBOCAN estimates of the International Agency for Research on Cancer. The authors describe national cancer incidence and mortality by world region and the Human Development Index and predict the burden in 2050 based on demographic trends. In 2024, an estimated 20.6 million new cancer cases (19.5 million excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) and 9.8 million deaths (9.7 million excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) occurred worldwide, equivalent to one in five people developing cancer during their lifetime and one i

Baseline Characteristics of Participants in the Alberta Cancer Exercise Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation Study: A Wake-Up Call for Action.

Background: Alberta Cancer Exercise (ACE) is a hybrid effectiveness-implementation study evaluating a cancer-specific community-based exercise program across urban sites in Alberta, Canada. The purpose of this paper is to describe the baseline characteristics of participants. Methods: Adults with any type and stage of cancer, who were undergoing cancer treatment or up to three years post treatment completion, were eligible. ACE was delivered in person at 18 sites across 7 cities in Alberta, with video conferencing introduced during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants took part in 60 min of mil

Leading Causes of In-Hospital Death of Older Patients of Different Age Groups in Shanghai

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Systemic Sclerosis and Malignancy: A Review of Current Data.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is associated with increased risk of malignancy. The organ systems most commonly affected are the lungs, the breasts and the hematological system. Risk factors predisposing a SSc patient for development of malignancy are not well defined, and the pathogenic basis of the association is yet to be explained. The incidence of malignancies in SSc patients is variable from one report to another, but most importantly, questions regarding the role of immunosuppressive therapies and the effect of autoantibodies have weak or sometimes contradictory answers in most of the current