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Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine Use in Pediatric Cancer Patients: A Nationwide, Retrospective, Taiwanese-Registry, Population-Based Study.

BackgroundLarge-scale surveys of complementary traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) use in pediatric cancer patients are lacking. The aim of our study was to investigate the use of TCM in pediatric cancer patients.MethodsWe analyzed cancer patients younger than 18 years (n = 12 965) who were registered in the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan between 2001 and 2011. Patients were categorized into TCM or non-TCM users based on their use of TCM.ResultsIn Taiwan, 8086 (62.4%) children with cancer sought TCM treatment at some point. Children in older age groups, including school-a

Deregulation of the EGFR/PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTORC1 pathway in breast cancer: possibilities for therapeutic intervention.

The EGFR/PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTORC1/GSK-3 pathway plays prominent roles in malignant transformation, prevention of apoptosis, drug resistance and metastasis. The expression of this pathway is frequently altered in breast cancer due to mutations at or aberrant expression of: HER2, ERalpha, BRCA1, BRCA2, EGFR1, PIK3CA, PTEN, TP53, RB as well as other oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. In some breast cancer cases, mutations at certain components of this pathway (e.g., PIK3CA) are associated with a better prognosis than breast cancers lacking these mutations. The expression of this pathway and upstre

Bone Metabolism Effects of Medical Therapy in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma.

The medical therapy of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is based on the use of targeted therapies, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) and immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). These therapies are characterized by multiple endocrine adverse events, but the effect on the bone is still less known. Relatively few case reports or small case series have been specifically focused on TKI and ICI effects on bone metabolism. However, the importance to consider these possible side effects is easily intuitable because the bone is one of the most frequent metastatic sites of RCC. Among TKI used in R

Case Report: Case of subacute combiled deгенерация спинного мозга в связи с хроническим атрофическим гастритом, макроцитической анемией и положительными антисульфатидом IgM и IgG антителами.

Антисульфатидные антитела являются автоантиорганизмами, связанными с различными неврологическими расстройствами. Они были выявлены в нескольких условиях, включая синдром Гильен-Барре, множественный склероз и хронический подстрекательский демиелинизирующий полинропат. Субакустическое комбинированное дегенерирование спинного мозга вызвано главным образом дефицитом витамина В12. Хроническая атрофическая гастритис — сложное состояние, характеризующееся атрофацией и воспалением желудочно-кишечной слизи. На сегодняшний день не было зарегистрировано ни одного случая, когда пациенты с субакутальным ко

Grading Central Diabetes Insipidus Induced by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Challenging Task.

Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) is a rare endocrine disease deriving from an insufficient production or secretion of anti-diuretic hormone. Recently, CDI has been reported as a rare side effect triggered by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in cancer patients. Despite its current rarity, CDI triggered by ICI is expected to affect an increasing number of patients because of the expanding use of these effective drugs in a growing number of solid and hematologic malignancies. An appropriate assessment of the severity of adverse events induced by anticancer agents is crucial in their management,

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… The hypothesis reflects the pathogenesis of other ICI-induced organ damage, including thyroid and other endocrine glands ( 58 , 59 ). Interestingly, selective injury to the posterior pituitary or the hypothalamus has been suggested. …

Understanding and Managing Fracture Risk in Patients With Cancer: A Literature Review.

One of the most important complications of cancer and its treatments is the increased fracture risk. Fractures can have a significant impact on the patient's quality of life and may be associated with morbidity, mortality, and reduced functional status. The present study aims to investigate the mechanisms underlying the increased risk of fractures in cancer patients, the effect of cancer treatments on fracture risk, and strategies to prevent fractures in this population. This is a literature review using the PubMed - National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), Web of Science, Cochran

Phase-specific and lifetime costs of cancer care in Ontario, Canada.

BackgroundCancer is a major public health issue and represents a significant economic burden to health care systems worldwide. The objective of this analysis was to estimate phase-specific, 5-year and lifetime net costs for the 21 most prevalent cancer sites, and remaining tumour sites combined, in Ontario, Canada.MethodsWe selected all adult patients diagnosed with a primary cancer between 1997 and 2007, with valid ICD-O site and histology codes, and who survived 30 days or more after diagnosis, from the Ontario Cancer Registry (N = 394,092). Patients were linked to treatment data from Cancer

Тип перегонки 1 диабет через ось эндоканнабиноидома-микробиота: системная биологическая перспектива.

Тип 1 диабет (T1D) давно признан аутоиммунным заболеванием на основе Т. Вместе с тем все больше фактов свидетельствует об участии в его развитии факторов, связанных с метаболизмом, подстрекательством и кишечной микробиотой. Эндоканнабиноидная система (ЭКС), являющаяся одним из ключевых регуляторов иммунного и метаболического гомеостаза, все чаще привлекается к аутоиммунной патофизиологии, в частности благодаря ее взаимодействию с кишечными метаболитами. В этой гипотетической статье подчеркивается необходимость пересмотра патофизиологии Т1D путем интеграции дисфункции ЭКС, кишечного дисбиоза и

Oral Graft-Versus-Host Disease: A Pictorial Review and a Guide for Dental Practitioners.

IntroductionGraft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a complication of haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). GVHD may also develop following solid transplants or blood transfusions if white blood cells are transferred. GVHD affects multiple organs, including the oral tissues.ObjectiveThis pictorial review provides a background of GVHD to dental practitioners, describes the most common oral manifestations of GVHD and highlights the main treatment modifications needed to deliver dental care to patients with GVHD.MethodsA narrative review enhanced with clinical photographs.ResultsAcute GVHD

Menorrhagia due to uterine amyloidosis in familial Mediterranean fever: case-based review.

Amyloidosis is described by the deposition of misfolded proteins in the tissues. Amyloidoses are classified into two as systemic and localized. Out of the systemic forms, AL (light chain) amyloidosis is the most prevalent type; however, amyloid A (AA) amyloidosis is more frequently encountered in the rheumatology practice. AA amyloidosis stands out as a major complication of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). Splenic and renal involvement is more likely in FMF-associated systemic amyloidosis. The involvement of thyroid and adrenal glands has also been described, although infrequently. Amyloid

Риск злоумышленничества и использование методов лечения болезней при множественном склерозе: изучение роли ДМТ в многоцентровом исследовании.

ЦЕЛЬ: Потенциальная связь между лечением синдрома заболеваний (ДМТ) и злоумышленничеством у пациентов, страдающих множественным склерозом (МС), вызывает серьезную обеспокоенность, особенно с учетом иммунодепрессивного характера этих методов лечения. Противоречивые данные в литературе оставляют этот вопрос нерешенным, что подчеркивает необходимость проведения окончательных исследований для обоснования клинической практики. В этом исследовании этот разрыв устраняется путем изучения случаев заболевания раком среди пациентов, проходящих лечение в двух центрах третичной медицинской помощи в Саудовс

PTH1R-CaSR Cross Talk: New Treatment Options for Breast Cancer Osteolytic Bone Metastases.

Metastatic breast cancer (BrCa) is currently incurable despite great improvements in treatment of primary BrCa. The incidence of skeletal metastases in advanced BrCa occurs up to 70%. Recent findings have established that the distribution of BrCa metastases to the skeleton is not a random process but due to the favorable microenvironment for tumor invasion and growth. The complex interplay among BrCa cells, stromal/osteoblastic cells, and osteoclasts in the osseous microenvironment creates a bone-tumor vicious cycle (a feed-forward loop) that results in excessive bone destruction and progressi

Keyword Index for Volume 103

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The effect of oral chronic graft-versus-host disease on bodyweight: A cohort study.

AimThis retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the association between body weight and oral cGVHD (chronic graft versus host disease).MethodsPatients with oral cGVHD were compared with an age and gender-matched non-GVHD cohort in terms of demographic information, body mass index (BMI), date of transplant, length of hospitalization, and oral complications. Weight was stratified in pre-and post-transplant weight, mean weight after acquiring cGVHD for the first year, and post-oral cGVHD BMI. Each patient was matched and compared with two controls at a 1:2 ratio. Firth's penalized likelihood

Узкие полифенолы в питании свиноматок: обновление.

Окисляющий стресс является потенциально критическим фактором, влияющим на производительность гектарирующих и кормящих свиней. Полифенолы представляют собой большой класс вторичных метаболитов растений, обладающих мощными антиоксидантами. Все полифенолы структурно характеризуются ароматическими кольцами с множеством гидроксилов водорода; они делают полифенолы идеальными атомами водорода и электронными донорами для нейтрализации свободных радикалов и других реактивных видов кислорода. В течение последнего десятилетия все большее внимание уделялось полифенолам в качестве функциональных кормовых д

Mining the FAERS database reveals new safety signals for 120 mg denosumab in oncology practice.

OBJECTIVE: To detect and quantify adverse drug event (ADE) signals linked to 120 mg denosumab in the real world. METHODS: We queried the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) for reports on 120 mg denosumab, standardized, and categorized these events with Preferred Terms (PT) and System Organ Classes (SOC) from MedDRA version 27.1. Disproportionality analysis was performed using the reporting odds ratio (ROR) and Bayesian confidence propagation neural network (BCPNN). RESULTS: We identified 10,963 ADE reports for 120 mg of denosumab. Among 10 963 reports, 41.

Pathogenesis and treatment of Sjogren's syndrome: Review and update.

Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease accompanied by multiple lesions. The main manifestations include dryness of the mouth and eyes, along with systemic complications (e.g., pulmonary disease, kidney injury, and lymphoma). In this review, we highlight that IFNs, Th17 cell-related cytokines (IL-17 and IL-23), and B cell-related cytokines (TNF and BAFF) are crucial for the pathogenesis of SS. We also summarize the advances in experimental treatment strategies, including targeting Treg/Th17, mesenchymal stem cell treatment, targeting BAFF, inhibiting JAK pathway, et al. Similar

Use of Complementary Traditional Chinese Medicines by Adult Cancer Patients in Taiwan: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.

BACKGROUND: Many patients with cancer seek complementary and alternative medicine treatments. We investigated the use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) by adult cancer patients in Taiwan. METHODS: We reviewed the Registry for Catastrophic Illness Patients Database of Taiwan, and included all adult patients diagnosed cancer, based on the International Classification of Diseases (ninth revision), from 2001 to 2009 and followed until 2011. This database allowed categorization of patients as TCM users (n = 74 620) or non-TCM users (n = 508 179). All demographic and clinical claims data were a

The Molecular Basis and Clinical Consequences of Chronic Inflammation in Prostatic Diseases: Prostatitis, Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, and Prostate Cancer.

Chronic inflammation is now recognized as one of the major risk factors and molecular hallmarks of chronic prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and prostate tumorigenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms by which chronic inflammation signaling contributes to the pathogenesis of these prostate diseases are poorly understood. Previous efforts to therapeutically target the upstream (e.g., TLRs and IL1-Rs) and downstream (e.g., NF-κB subunits and cytokines) inflammatory signaling molecules in people with these conditions have been clinically ambiguous and unsatisfactory, hence foster

Acute Pancreatitis: Genetic Risk and Clinical Implications.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the most common gastroenterological indications for emergency admittance and hospitalization. Gallstones, alcohol consumption or the presence of additional initiating factors give rise to a disease with a diverse clinical appearance and a hard-to predict course of progression. One major challenge in the treatment of AP patients is the early identification of patients at risk for the development of systemic complications and organ failure. In addition, 20%-30% of patients with a first episode of AP later experience progress to recurrent or chronic disease. Comp