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The Burden of Cancer, Government Strategic Policies, and Challenges in Pakistan: A Comprehensive Review.

Cancer is a severe condition characterized by uncontrolled cell division and increasing reported mortality and diagnostic cases. In 2040, an estimated 28.4 million cancer cases are expected to happen globally. In 2020, an estimated 19.3 million new cancer cases (18.1 million excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) had been diagnosed worldwide, with around 10.0 million cancer deaths. Breast cancer cases have increased by 2.26 million, lung cancer by 2.21 million, stomach by 1.089 million, liver by 0.96 million, and colon cancer by 1.93 million. Cancer is becoming more prevalent in Pakistan, with 19

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… The second necessary regulation is the Ban of Smoking in Enclosed Places and Protection of Non-smokers Health Law, approved in 2002 (Ordinance No. LXXIV of 2002) ( 220 ). … Prohibition of Smoking and Protection of Non-Smokers Health Ordinance. ( 2002 ). Available online at: http://www.tcc.gov.pk/Downloads/Prohibition%20of%20Smoking%20and%20Protection%20of%20Non-Smokers%20Ordinance%20%202002.pdf (accessed April 22, 2022). 221. Health GoPMo. Notification . …

Treatment of Stage 2 Medication-Induced Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: A Case Series.

Medication-induced jaw osteonecrosis (MRONJ) is a rare and serious disease with a negative impact on patients' quality of life, whose exact cause remains unclear and which may have a multifactorial origin. Although there are different therapeutic protocols, there is still no consensus. This case series evaluated three patients diagnosed with staged 2 MRONJ treated at the University of Murcia dental clinic according to the protocols described by the Spanish Society of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Within 12 months of the applicat

Ангина из-за обструкционистской болезни коронарной артерии в сочетании с периферической болезнью артерии.

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Functional Outcomes of Surgical Management for Spinal Epidural Masses in an Egyptian Tertiary Hospital.

BACKGROUND: The spinal epidural space, covering the dural sac, is located along the posterior longitudinal ligament anteriorly, the ligamentum flavum and the periosteum of laminae posteriorly, and the pedicles of the spinal column by the intervertebral foramina containing their neural elements laterally. It could be affected variably by different types of diseases, either as primary lesions or as an extension from a disease process in the nearby tissues and organs. AIM: We aimed to present clinically and surgically patients with spinal epidural masses operated in the Neurosurgery Department o

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… c) Smoking : 32 cases (72.7%) in this study were smokers, while 12 ones (27.3%) were non-smokers. d) Trauma : Only 4 cases of our participants (9%) gave us a history of preceding trauma in about 4 days, 6 days, 1 week and ten days before the onset of symptoms. …

Demographic shift disproportionately increases cancer burden in an aging nation: current and expected incidence and mortality in Hungary up to 2030.

BACKGROUND: Population aging is a common demographic pattern in developed countries, and aging increases the risk of cancer. The disproportionately high cancer burden, as a consequence, is especially pronounced in Central and Eastern European countries, including Hungary. METHODS: We summarized current and projected future cancer incidences and mortalities utilizing data from the last two decades. Predictions are based on cancer incidence and mortality collected between 1996 and 2015 in Hungary. In addition to the crude rates, data were age standardized to the European standard population (ES

Effect of Acupuncture in Pain Management of Head and Neck Cancer Radiotherapy: Prospective Randomized Unicentric Study.

This prospective randomized open-label trial aimed to evaluate the role of acupuncture in the treatment of pain related to curative and adjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy of head and neck cancer. Patients in two arms (30 patients in each arm) underwent standard oncology therapy and standard supportive care with or without acupuncture. The stratification factors were the type of treatment and chemotherapy indication. The toxicity assessed was represented by pain rated on a 10-point pain scale and analgesic use. Average pain (AP) and the worst pain during the day (WP) were significantly lower in the a

When tissue is not the only issue: Poorly differentiated lung squamous-cell carcinoma with adrenal, costochondral, and cardiac metastases - case report.

Nonmelanoma skin cancer is the most common cancer in the world, and lung cancer is the leading cause of death from cancer. Histologically, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second most prevalent type of both skin and lung cancers. We report the case of a 38-year-old female with metastatic, poorly differentiated lung SCC detected on chest X-ray after she presented to the hospital with cough and dyspnea. She had had a 7.5 cm moderately differentiated well-circumscribed posterior scalp SCC completely excised eight years earlier. CT scan showed a large right lung mass, nodular filling defect in

How does medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) influence the health-related quality of life after surgery?

BACKGROUND: Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ), an established side effect of antiresorptive and antiangiogenic medication, could sometimes require surgical intervention, such as decortication. The objectives of this retrospective patient survey study were to evaluate the effect of surgical treated MRONJ on health-related quality of life (QoL) and to assess the awareness of the risk of MRONJ. METHODS: The MRONJ-related QoL in both cancer and osteoporosis patients was determined in four different time periods after surgery applying the European Organisation for Research and Tr

Health-Related Quality of Life, Comorbidities, and Lifestyle Behaviors Among Survivors of Obesity-Related and Non-Obesity-Related Cancer Types.

Background/Objectives: Obesity is a well-established risk factor for several cancers, yet few studies have explored survivorship outcomes among obesity-related cancer (ORC) survivors-a growing public health concern. Beyond cancer risk, obesity is associated with poorer health-related quality of life (HRQoL), greater comorbidity burden, and adverse lifestyle behaviors during survivorship. This study examined differences in these outcomes between ORC and non-ORC survivors living in Puerto Rico. Methods: We analyzed 569 cancer survivors aged ≥21 years actively undergoing treatment from the Impact

When to investigate for secondary hyperhidrosis: data from a retrospective cohort of all causes of recurrent sweating.

Background: Identification of underlying diseases is crucial for secondary hyperhidrosis management, but data are lacking to guide appropriate investigation.Objective: To describe aetiologies of recurrent sweating in a hospital setting and the diagnostic performance parameters of their respective clinical/biological features.Patients and Methods: We performed a monocentric evaluative study in a tertiary care centre. Patients with recurrent generalised sweating were selected via the Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW) by screening all electronic hospital documents from the year 2018 using a keyword-b

Expression and clinical significance of programmed death ligand-1 evaluated by 22C3 antibody in pleural effusion metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer.

ObjectiveProgrammed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) is involved in tumor immune escape and is an important target molecule for the immunotherapy of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The expression of PD-L1 affects NSCLC invasion, metastasis, and patient survival. This study aims to explore the levels of PD-L1, as identified by the 22C3 antibody, in the malignant pleural effusion of patients suffering from advanced NSCLC, and to determine its clinical implications.Material and methodsA two-step immunohistochemical EnVision assay was used to evaluate the expression of PD-L1 by the 22C3 antibody in 149

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… Among these, 55 cases were smokers, and 94 cases were non-smokers. …

Cancer Burden in China during 1990-2019: Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease.

This study reports the risk factors, trends, and burden of cancer in China from 1990 to 2019 from the Global Burden of Diseases. The incidence, mortality, and DALY of all cancers in China for the past 30 years were analyzed. In 2019, the age-standardized rates (ASRs) of cancer incidence, mortality, and DALY in China were 232.42/100 000, 136.72/100 000, and 3288.22/100 000, respectively. The five cancers with the highest age-standardized incidence rates were lung, stomach, colorectal, breast, and prostate cancers. From 1990 to 2019, the number of new cancer cases, deaths, and DALY increased by

Less is more: inverting the paradigm across the cancer care continuum.

Cancer care often operates under the assumption that 'more is better', resulting in frequent testing, intensive treatments, and constant follow-up. However, this approach has unintended consequences and places significant burdens on patients, providers, and healthcare systems. At the same time, cancer care is evolving rapidly and the number of cancer survivors continues to grow, highlighting the urgent need for reform.In the Netherlands, important efforts are taking place to de-escalate and de-implement ineffective practices across the cancer care continuum, from screening to palliative care.

Antioxidant Intake and Antitumor Therapy: Toward Nutritional Recommendations for Optimal Results.

The role of the induction of oxidative stress as the mechanism of action of many antitumor drugs is acquiring an increasing interest. In such cases, the antitumor therapy success may be conditioned by the antioxidants present in our own body, which can be synthesized de novo (endogenous) or incorporated through the diet and nutritional supplements (exogenous). In this paper, we have reviewed different aspects of antioxidants, including their classification, natural sources, importance in diet, consumption of nutritional supplements, and the impact of antioxidants on health. Moreover, we have f

Передвигающиеся горы: улучшение доступа к автономной стволовой клеточной трансплантации для уязвимых пациентов

Фон: Множественная миелома (ММ) остается наиболее распространенным показателем для Трансплантации автономной стволовой клетки (ASCT). Взрослые лица старшего возраста, чернокожие пациенты с MM, а также лица, проживающие в сельской местности и имеющие низкий социально-экономический статус (SES), в непропорционально меньшей степени употребляют ASCT. Низкий уровень использования АОПП связан с плохими результатами. Существует множество препятствий на пути доступа к АКПТ и ограниченность мер вмешательства для решения различных проблем у пациентов с ММ. Методы: Это исследование является неоднозначным

Comorbidities and mortality rate in COVID-19 patients with hematological malignancies: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

IntroductionThe global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It seems that there is an association between blood cancer and an increased risk of severe COVID-19. This study aimed to review the literature reporting the COVID-19 outcomes in patients with hematological malignancies.Material and methodsIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched using the following keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, blood cancer, myeloma, lymphoma, and leukemia. All the

Coexistence of Autoantibodies against the Golgi Complex and Ro52 Antigen in a Patient with Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia.

Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) is often associated with connective tissue diseases (CTD). The diagnosis of NSIP was confirmed in a 63-year-old man by high-resolution computed tomography and an open lung biopsy. Anti-Golgi complex autoantibodies (AGA) and anti-Ro52 antibodies were simultaneously detected at high concentrations. Autoantibodies to aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARS) were negative. The patient was treated with corticosteroids for six months. During the seven-year follow-up, NSIP had a slow progression and patient had not developed the clinical features of CTD. The present

Baseline Characteristics of Individuals with Metastatic Cancer Enrolled in the Alberta Cancer Exercise Study and 12-Week Findings for Symptom-Related and Physical Fitness Measures.

Exercise has been found to be safe and beneficial for people with advanced cancers, but more research is needed to understand how best to design and implement exercise programming. The Alberta Cancer Exercise (ACE) study examines the effectiveness and implementation of a 12-week community-based exercise program in Alberta, Canada, for people diagnosed with cancer. Here, we describe the characteristics of individuals with metastatic cancer enrolled in the ACE program and report 12-week changes in self-reported and objective outcomes. Of 306 participants, 274 (89.5%) completed the 12-week study.

Impact of segmentectomy on treatment for secondary malignancies and other causes of death after lung cancer surgery.

ObjectiveDeaths not associated with primary lung cancer (other deaths) and secondary malignancies affect long-term survival after surgery for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. The JCOG0802 trial suggested that segmentectomy may lower the risk of such deaths. This study examined the relationship between the incidence of other deaths and surgical procedures.MethodsThis retrospective, single-center study included patients with clinical stage 0 or IA non-small cell lung cancer who underwent segmentectomy or lobectomy between 2013 and 2016. Other deaths were defined as deaths from causes unre

Estimated GFR in the Korean and US Asian Populations Using the 2021 Creatinine-Based GFR Estimating Equation Without Race.

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE: In 2021, the new Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) updated the creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equation and removed the coefficient for race. The development and validation of this equation involved binarizing race into African American and non-African American, involving few Asian participants. This study aimed to examine the difference between the 2021 equation and the previous 2009 equation on CKD prevalence estimates in 2 Asian populations. STUDY DESIGN: Observational study using 2 national surveys. SETTING & P