Результаты поиска

Is hysteroscopic metroplasty using the incision method for septate uterus a risk factor for adverse obstetric outcomes?

AIM: This study aimed to assess whether hysteroscopic metroplasty using the incision method for septate uterus is a risk factor for adverse … ion, rate of breech presentation, rate of post-partum hemorrhage, rate of preterm delivery, rate of placental abruption, rate of placenta previa, rate of placenta accreta and uterine rupture during pregnancy and delivery. RESULTS: The two groups did not differ in terms of age, mean weeks of delivery, mean birthweight, rate of post-partum hemorrhage, rate …

Fetoplacental cytogenetic discrepancy in a pregnancy with fetal mosaic tetrasomy 12p and Pallister-Killian syndrome detected by amniocentesis.

OBJECTIVE: We present fetoplacental cytogenetic discrepancy in a pregnancy with prenatally detected mosaic tetrasomy 12p by amniocentesis. CASE REPORT: A 34-year-old woman underwent amniocentesis at 17 weeks of gestation because of advanced maternal age. Cytogenetic analysis of cultured amniocytes revealed a karyotype of 47,XX,+i(12)(p10)[7]/46,XX[16]. Array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) analysis of the DNA extracted from cultured amniocytes revealed arr (12p)×3, (X)×2. Prenatal ultrasound findings were unremarkable. The pregnancy was subsequently terminated, and a fetus was delive…

The 4-vessel Sampling Approach to Integrative Studies of Human Placental Physiology In Vivo.

The human placenta is highly inaccessible for research while still in utero. The current understanding of human placental physiology in vivo is therefore largely based on animal studies, despite the high diversity among species in placental anatomy, hemodynamics and duration of the pregnancy. The vast majority of human placenta studies are ex vivo perfusion studies or in vitro trophoblast studies. Although in vitro studies and animal models are essential, extrapolation of the results from such studies to the human placenta in vivo is uncertain. We aimed to study human placenta physiology in vi…

Bioanalysis for cocaine, opiates, methadone, and amphetamines exposure detection during pregnancy.

Drug exposure during pregnancy constitutes a major legal issue and a public health concern. Drug and metabolite determination in biological matrices from mother and newborn is an objective indication of prenatal drug exposure. However, limited data are available regarding the interpretation of these analytical results in terms of window of detection and degree of exposure. We collected paired maternal hair, meconium, placenta, and umbilical cord from 727 mother-newborn dyads. We analyzed these specimens by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of cocaine, opioids…

Pathogenesis and vertical transmission of a transplacental rat cytomegalovirus.

BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) congenital infection is the major viral cause of well-documented birth defects in human. Because CMV is species-specific, the main obstacle to developing animal models for congenital infection is the difference in placental architecture, which preludes virus transmission across the placenta. The rat placenta, resembling histologically to that of human, could therefore facilitate the study of CMV congenital infection in human. RESULTS: In this report, we present clear evidences of the transplacental property of a new rat CMV (RCMV), namely ALL-03, which had be…

Lvrn expression is not critical for mouse placentation.

Preeclampsia is a systemic disease caused by abnormal placentation that affects both mother and fetus. It was reported that Laeverin (LVRN, also known as Aminopeptidase Q) was up-regulated in the placenta of preeclamptic patients. However, physiological and pathological functions of LVRN remained to be unknown. Here we characterized Lvrn function during placentation in mice. RT-PCR showed that Lvrn is expressed in both fetus and placenta during embryogenesis, and several adult tissues. When we overexpressed Lvrn in a placenta-specific manner using lentiviral vectors, we did not see any defects…

Placental characteristics in growth-discordant monochorionic twins: a matched case-control study.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the placental characteristics in monochorionic (MC) twin pregnancies with and without birth weight discordance (BWD). METHODS: We performed a matched case-control study to compare the placental characteristics of MC placentas from pregnancies with BWD (≥25%) (n = 47) with a control group of MC placentas without BWD (n = 47), matched for gestational age at birth. Placental sharing, angioarchitecture and diameter of the arterio-arterial (AA) anastomosis were assessed by placental injection with colored dye. RESULTS: The rate of velamentous cord insertion in MC placentas w…

Placental expression of glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins in paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria.

Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) is a clonal stem cell disorder in which a defect of glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins leads to higher morbidity and mortality because of intravascular haemolysis, haemoglobinuria, pancytopenia and an increased frequency of thrombotic events. We report here the clinical features of a pregnant woman with PNH and present an immunhistochemical analysis of complement regulators, leukocyte activation markers and placental alkaline phosphatase (PALP) on syncytiotrophoblasts and inflammatory cells in her placenta. Placental tissue from normal …

Placental involvement in congenital neuroblastoma.

We describe two cases of congenital neuroblastoma involving the placenta and review previously reported cases. The placentae in congenital neuroblastoma have a bulky, hydropic appearance, and contain tumour cells which are confined to the fetal circulation. The tumour emboli are not macroscopically identifiable. Pathophysiological mechanisms of placental involvement by fetal and maternal malignancies are considered. The rarity of this lesion may be artefactual, and may result from failure to examine grossly enlarged placentae in cases of stillbirth and hydrops fetalis. Congenital malignancy mu…

Placental considerations in multiple pregnancy.

This article contains a brief description of the placenta in multiple pregnancy, including a classification based on embryogenesis. The biologic and clinical importance of recognition of the different types of twin placentas is emphasized. Finally, a classification of the pathological lesions seen in these placentas, either because of the twinning process or simply associated with it, is proposed.

Expression of epidermal growth factor in gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD).

Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (GTD) is an abnormal condition of the placenta, the incidence of which is very high in the State of Kerala, India. The biology of the disease is vague and methods to determine the malignant potentialis limited. Placentae of normal (50) and molar pregnancy (95) including 32 patients showing persistent disease were used in this study. EGF expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibody to EGF and quantitated using isotope labelled antibody to EGF. EGF was expressed more strongly in molar placentae in all gestational ages in comparison w…

Плацентная патология в врожденной краснухе.

Две группы плаценты из 18 случаев краснухи для матерей были изучены морфологическим и вирологическим образом. Плацентаэ в группе I (четыре случая) имела средний возраст беременности 21 +/-1,9 недели, в то время как в группе 2 (14 случаев) средний возраст беременности составлял 38 +/- 2,8 недели. Была отмечена тенденция к гипоплазии. Микроскопические повреждения были аналогичны повреждениям, обнаруженным в других вирусных инфекциях, однако в каждой группе были отмечены некоторые особенности. Только плацента группы I показала конкреции вилли, агглютинированные фибрином. Это повреждение указывает

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Two groups of placentae from 18 cases of maternal rubella were examined morphologically and virologically. Placentae in Group I (four cases) had a mean gestational age of 21 +/- 1.9 weeks, whilst those in Group 2 (14 cases) had a mean gestational age of 38 +/- 2.8 weeks. A tendency to hypoplasia was observed. The microscopic lesions were similar to those fou…

Effects of autoimmune abnormalities on fertility and placental morphology in mice.

Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) alter the placental immune environment leading to fetal loss. This study investigated the effects of AIDs on pregnancy and the placenta in AID-prone MRL/MpJ-Faslpr/lpr mice and wild-type MRL/MpJ, which were mated with male MRL/MpJ and MRL/MpJ-Faslpr/lpr at five months and defined as moLpr and moMpJ, respectively. AID indices (spleen weight and serum autoantibody levels) and fertility status (number and size of fetuses, morphology, and comprehensive gene expression of placentas) were evaluated on gestational day 15.5. Both strains showed equivalent fertility, but moLp…

RACK1 may participate in placental development at mid-gestation via regulating trophoblast cell proliferation and migration in pigs.

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a severe complication in swine production. Placental insufficiency is responsible for inadequate fetal growth, but the specific etiology of placental dysfunction-induced IUGR in pigs remains poorly understood. In this work, placenta samples supplying the lightest weight (LW) and mean weight (MW) pig fetuses in the litter at Day 65 (D65) of gestation were collected, and the relationship between fetal growth and placental morphologies and functions was investigated using histomorphological analysis, RNA sequencing, quantitative polymerase chain reaction,…

Mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition in the placental tissues of patients with preeclampsia.

During early pregnancy in humans, mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) contributes to decidualization of endometrial stromal cells in the uterus. Defects in decidualization can interfere with placental formation and can lead to pregnancy complications, including preeclampsia. However, MET markers in preeclamptic placental tissues have not been characterized. To investigate the association between changes in MET and preeclampsia, we evaluated MET markers in preeclamptic placental tissues relative to normal placentas. Placentas were collected from 20 preeclamptic and 20 normotensive health…

Generalized disruption of inherited genomic imprints leads to wide-ranging placental defects and dysregulated fetal growth.

Monoallelic expression of imprinted genes, including ones solely expressed in the placenta, is essential for normal placental development and fetal growth. To better understand the role of placental imprinting in placental development and fetal growth, we examined conceptuses developing in the absence of maternally derived DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase 1o (DNMT1o). Absence of DNMT1o results in the partial loss of methylation at imprinted differentially methylated domain (DMD) sequences in the embryo and the placenta. Mid-gestation E9.5 DNMT1o-deficient placentas exhibited structural abno…

Emergencies associated with pregnancy and delivery: peripartum hemorrhage.

INTRODUCTION: Peripartum hemorrhage is one of the leading causes of maternal death worldwide (25%). METHODS: Selective literature review, including international guidelines, for assessment of the causes and optimal management of this condition. RESULTS: The major causes of hemorrhage are uterine atony, placenta previa, and abruptio placentae. The diagnosis of hemorrhage is suspected from its clinical manifestations and confirmed by ultrasonography. In placenta previa, the placenta is implanted in the lower uterine segment and may cover the internal cervical os. Placenta previa is more common…

Curves of placental weights of live-born twins.

The purpose of this study is to present curves of estimated placental growth in twins and to evaluate the relative contribution of gestational age, zygosity, chorionicity, fusion of the placentas, sex of the individual and of the twin pair, site of the umbilical cord insertion, birth order, maternal age, and parity. Perinatal data and placental data were obtained from 6315 live-born twin pairs from the East Flanders Prospective Twin Survey. Of 4318 twin pairs, with no missing values, the placental weights of different gestational ages were analyzed using a nonlinear multivariate Gaussian regre…

Intraplacental choriocarcinoma associated with viable pregnancy: pathologic features and implications for the mother and infant.

Choriocarcinoma arising in the placenta, or intraplacental choriocarcinoma, has seldom been reported, particularly in the absence of maternal metastases. Reluctance to diagnose choriocarcinoma in the presence of chorionic villi can delay diagnosis; however, timely diagnosis of choriocarcinoma is prognostically important, both for the mother and infant. We report the clinicopathologic findings in five mothers and infants in whom choriocarcinoma was identified in the placenta. None of the mothers had a history of gestational trophoblastic disease in previous pregnancies. Three placentas were sim…

Evolution of the lambda or twin-chorionic peak sign in dichorionic twin pregnancies.

OBJECTIVE: To study the sonographic evolutaion of the chorionic tissue projection at the intertwin membrane-placental junction, or lambda sign, or twin-chorionic peak sign, in dichorionic twin pregnancies and to determine the effect of placental location on its prevalence during the first half of pregnancy. METHODS: We prospectively recruited women with twin pregnancies undergoing sonographic screening for chromosomal abnormalities at 10-14 weeks' gestation for this study. The presence or absence of the lambda sign and the position of the placenta(s) were recorded in all cases. The presence o…