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Size-controlled antimicrobial peptide drug delivery vehicles through complex coacervation.

Due to the escalating threat of the pathogens' capability of quick adaptation to antibiotics, finding new alternatives is crucial. Although antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are highly potent and effective, their therapeutic use is limited' as they are prone to enzymatic degradation, are cytotoxic and have low retention. To overcome these challenges, we investigate the complexation of the cationic AMP colistin with diblock copolymers poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(methacrylic acid) (PEO-b-PMAA) forming colistin-complex coacervate core micelles (colistin-C3Ms). We present long-term stable kinetically

The utilization of exosomes in hydrogels: a bibliometric analysis of publications from 2015 to May 2025.

This paper is a bibliometric analysis of the utilization of exosomes in hydrogels for various applications, conducted by assessing the relevant documents in this evolving field of research. Since targeted drug delivery, cell communication, and tissue regeneration are of high importance in the field of biomedicine and medical sciences, incorporating exosomes can offer a valuable addition in such applications due to their high bioactivity and biocompatibility. Applications include ocular drug delivery, boosting optic nerve damage, and disease detection, such as cancer and diabetes. Exosome-based

Synthesis, characterization, and comparative evaluation of hydroxychloroquine and its niosomal nanoformulation: anti-leishmanial, cytotoxicity, and immunomodulatory effects in photodynamic therapy.

Leishmaniasis, caused by the Leishmania parasites, is a significant global health issue with treatment challenges, particularly in endemic regions such as Iran. Current therapies, such as Meglumine antimoniate (MA), Amphotericin B, and Miltefosine, have limitations like high costs and side effects, necessitating innovative approaches. This study evaluates hydroxychloroquine (HC), an antimalarial drug with immunomodulatory properties, against Leishmania tropica (L. tropica), the causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis. We explored photodynamic therapy (PDT) and encapsulated HC in niosomal de

Neuroinflammation, Blood-Brain Barrier, and HIV Reservoirs in the CNS: An In-Depth Exploration of Latency Mechanisms and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.

Despite the success of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in suppressing viral replication in the blood, HIV persists in the central nervous syste … ion is key to developing effective therapies. Further research into combination therapies and novel drug delivery systems will help improve outcomes for HAND patients and bring us closer to a functional cure for HIV.

Каннабидиол как иммунный модулятор: всеобъемлющий обзор.

Каннабидиол (КБР), непсихоактивный фитоканнабиноид, полученный из сативы Каннабиса, стал многообещающим терапевтическим агентом в силу его разнообразных фармакологических свойств, включая сильные антивоспалительные, нейрозащитные и иммунодуляторные эффекты. КБР модифицирует иммунную реакцию, включая регулирование активности клеток Т, введение апоптоза макрофага, подавление провоспалительных цитокинов и модуляцию сигнальных путей воспаления и иммунной гомеостазии. Был проведен всеобъемлющий поиск литературы с использованием баз данных PubMed, Scopus и Web of Science в целях выявления соответств

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… Strategies to improve its bioavailability have led to the development of advanced formulations, such as oil-based products, self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS), and gelatin pellets, which enhance its therapeutic potential (Zgair et al. 2016 ; Knaub et al. 2019 ). …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive biomaterials for treating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is a critical issue that arises when restoring blood flow after an ischemic event in the heart. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during this process exacerbates cellular damage and impairs cardiac function. Recent therapeutic strategies have focused on leveraging the ROS microenvironment to design targeted drug delivery systems. ROS-responsive biomaterials have emerged as promising candidates, offering enhanced therapeutic efficacy with reduced systemic adverse effects. This review examines the mechanisms of ROS overproduction dur…

Synthesis of copper hexaferrite magnetic nanoparticles based on carboxymethyl cellulose modified with polyacrylic acid (CMC/PAA/CuFe12O19) for loading and release of Levothyroxine.

Hypothyroidism is a disease that is treated using levothyroxine sodium orally, and its oral use causes some problems in its absorption. A potential alternative to improve its administration is the use of drug delivery systems. This research aimed to prepare CMC/PAA/CuFe12O19 magnetic nano polymer and investigate its performance in the loading and release of Levothyroxine. The CuFe12O19 nanoparticles were synthesized by the co-precipitation method and then CMC/PAA/CuFe12O19 nanopolymer was fabricated to enhance properties. The structure, morphology, magnetic properties, and surface area of CMC/…

Multidimensional Analysis of Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Non-Cancer Pain and Short- and Long-Term Intrathecal Analgesic Therapy.

Background: Intrathecal drug delivery (IDD) is part of the fourth analgesic step. Evidence on the quality of life of patients with refractory chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) using these devices and their long-term outcomes is scarce. This study aims to evaluate patients with IDD to assess their HRQoL. Additionally, the study seeks to understand the patients' satisfaction with the treatment and changes in pain magnitude over time. Methods: Adult patients with CNCP and intrathecal drug delivery systems (IDDS) were included. The study population was divided into two groups: less than and more than…

Application and Utility of Liposomal Neuroprotective Agents and Biomimetic Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke.

Ischemic stroke is still one of the leading causes of high mortality and severe disability worldwide. Therapeutic options for ischemic strok … strated to extend the narrow therapeutic time window of t-PA. In addition, the design of biomimetic drug delivery systems (DDS) employing circulating cells (e.g., leukocytes, platelets) with unique properties has recently been investigated to overcome the injured BBB, utilizing these cells' inherent capability to penetrate the ischemic brain. Herein, we review recent f …

Green synthesis and characterization of iron-oxide nanoparticles using Moringa oleifera: a potential protocol for use in low and middle income countries.

OBJECTIVE: Green synthesized iron(III) oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles are gaining appeal in targeted drug delivery systems because of their low cost, fast processing and nontoxicity. However, there is no known research work undertaken in the production of green synthesized nano-particles from the Ugandan grown Moringa Oleifera (MO). This study aims at exploring and developing an optimized protocol aimed at producing such nanoparticles from the Ugandan grown Moringa. RESULTS: While reducing ferric chloride solution with Moringa oleifera leaves, Iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-NPs) were synthesize…

Intravesical drug delivery approaches for improved therapy of urinary bladder diseases.

Diseases of the urinary bladder have high incidence rates and burden healthcare costs. Their pharmacological treatment involves systemic and local drug administration. The latter is generally accomplished through instillation of liquid formulations and requires repeated or long-term catheterization that is associated with discomfort, inflammation and bacterial infections. Consequently, compliance issues and dropouts are frequently reported. Moreover, instilled drugs are progressively diluted as the urine volume increases and rapidly excreted. When penetration of drugs into the bladder wall is

ZnS@ZIF-8 core-shell nanoparticles incorporated with ICG and TPZ to enable H2S-amplified synergistic therapy.

Abnormal tumor microenvironment, such as hypoxia, interstitial hypertension and low pH, leads to unexpected resistance for current tumor treatment. The development of versatile drug delivery systems which present responsive characteristics to tumor microenvironment (TME) has been extensively carried out, but remains challenging. In this study, zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) coated ZnS nanoparticles have been designed and prepared for co-delivery of ICG/TPZ molecules, denoted as ZSZIT, for H2S-amplified synergistic therapy. Methods: The ZSZ nanoparticles were characterized using SEM, …

Photo-triggered release of doxorubicin from liposomes formulated by amphiphilic phthalocyanines for combination therapy to enhance antitumor efficacy.

Multidrug combination therapy based on drug delivery systems (DDSs) has great potential for cancer treatment. Stimuli-sensitive DDSs further enhance therapeutic efficacy by providing controllable drug delivery. Herein, the phospholipid compound DPPC (1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) was used to construct thermosensitive liposomes to load the photosensitizer ZnPc(PEG)4 (zinc phthalocyanine substituted by tetraethylene glycol) for molecular imaging, and photodynamic and photothermal therapy, together with doxorubicin (DOX) for chemotherapy. Interestingly, ZnPc(PEG)4 as an amphipathic…

Efficient Grafting of Cyclodextrin to Alginate and Performance of the Hydrogel for Release of Model Drug.

Controlling the rate of release of molecules from a hydrogel is of high interest for various drug delivery systems and medical devices. A strategy to alter the release profiles of soluble and poorly soluble active ingredients from hydrogels can be to combine the hydrogel forming ability of alginate with the inclusion forming ability of cyclodextrins (CyD). Here, β-CyD was grafted to alginate in a three-step synthesis using periodate oxidation, reductive amination and copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition. A grafting degree of 4.7% mol β-CyD/mol sugar residues was obtained. The graftin…

Design and Synthesis of a Biocompatible 1D Coordination Polymer as Anti-Breast Cancer Drug Carrier, 5-Fu: In Vitro and in Vivo Studies.

Designable coordination polymers with suitable chemical diversities and biocompatible structures have been proposed as a promising class of vehicles for drug delivery systems. Here, we hydrothermally synthesized a novel one-dimensional (1D) coordination polymer, [Zn(H2O)6K2(H2BTC)2(H2O)4](H2BTC)2·2H2O, where H3BTC = benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (trimesic acid), cp.1. As the hydrogen bonds stabilized 1D chains in three dimensions, the cp.1 could be a good candidate for delivering small-molecule chemotherapeutics such as 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu). The synthesized cp.1 showed a remarkable 5-Fu lo…

Magnetic Nanoliposomes as in Situ Microbubble Bombers for Multimodality Image-Guided Cancer Theranostics.

Nanosized drug delivery systems have offered promising approaches for cancer theranostics. However, few are effective to simultaneously maximize tumor-specific uptake, imaging, and therapy in a single nanoplatform. Here, we report a simple yet stimuli-responsive anethole dithiolethione (ADT)-loaded magnetic nanoliposome (AML) delivery system, which consists of ADT, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) pro-drug, doped in the lipid bilayer, and superparamagnetic nanoparticles encapsulated inside. HepG2 cells could be effectively bombed after 6 h co-incubation with AMLs. For in vivo applications, after prefere…

Advances in non-invasive drug delivery for atherosclerotic heart disease.

INTRODUCTION: Apart from statins, anti-platelet agents and invasive procedures, the anti-atherosclerotic medical weaponry for coronary heart disease (CHD) is scarce and only partially protects CHD patients from major adverse cardiac events. AREAS COVERED: Several novel non-invasive strategies are being developed to widen the therapeutic options. Among them, drug delivery tools were tested in vivo encompassing liposomes, micelles, polymeric, metallic and lipid nanoparticles used as carriers of statins, corticosteroids, a bisphosphonate, a glitazone, anti-cancer agents, a mycotoxin, a calcium c

Interventional modalities to treat cancer-related pain.

Cancer-related pain is a significant cause of morbidity in those affected by both primary and metastatic disease. Although oral, transdermal … sociated with the chest wall and ribs. Finally, alternate drug delivery methods such as intrathecal drug delivery systems concentrate medication at central opioid receptors without affecting the peripheral receptors implicated in unwanted side effects. This article provides an overview of these interventions, including indications, contraindications, and potential comp …

In vitro skin permeation and retention of paromomycin from liposomes for topical treatment of the cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Paromomycin (PA), a very hydrophilic antibiotic, has been tested as an alternative topical treatment against cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Although this treatment has shown promising results, it has not been successful in accelerating the recovery in most cases. This could be attributed to the low skin penetration of PA. Liposomal formulations usually provide sustained and enhanced drug levels in skin. The aim of this study was to prepare liposomal formulations containing PA and to investigate their potential as topical delivery systems of this antileishmanial. Large multilamellar vesicles (ML

Controlled release of 5-fluorouracil to melanoma cells using a hydrogel/micelle composites based on deoxycholic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is an antimetabolite drug widely used for the treatment of skin cancer. Despite its proven efficacy in treating malignancies, its systemic administration is limited due to severe side effects. To address this issue, topical delivery of 5-FU has been proposed as an alternative approach for the treatment of skin cancer, however, the poor permeability of 5-FU through the skin is still a challenge. Here, we introduced a pH-responsive micellar hydrogel system based on deoxycholic acid micelle (DCA Mic) and carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel (CMC Hyd) to enhance 5-FU efficacy agai