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Imaging characteristics and CT sensitivity for pyogenic spinal infections.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred imaging modality for diagnosing pyogenic spinal infection (PSI), but it is not always available. Our objective was to describe pyogenic spinal infection imaging characteristics in patients presenting to a community emergency department (ED) and estimate the computed tomography (CT) sensitivity for these infections. METHODS: We examined the MRI reports from a cohort of 88 PSI patients whom we enrolled in a prospective cohort study and report the prevalence of each PSI type (spinal epidural abscess/infecti…

Eosinophils in filarial infections: Inducers of protection or pathology?

Filariae are parasitic roundworms, which can cause debilitating diseases such as lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis. Lymphatic filarias … macrophages, innate lymphoid cells and Th2 cells. However, the hallmark characteristic of filarial infections is a profound eosinophilia. Eosinophils are innate immune cells and pivotal in controlling helminth infections in general and filarial infections in particular. By modulating the function of other leukocytes, eosinophils support and drive type 2 imm …

Clinical helminth infections alter host gut and saliva microbiota.

BACKGROUND: Previous reports show altered gut bacterial profiles are associated with helminth infected individuals. Our recently published molecular survey of clinical helminthiases in Thailand border regions demonstrated a more comprehensive picture of infection prevalence when Kato Katz microscopy and copro-qPCR diagnostics were combined. We revealed that Opisthorchis viverrini, hookworm, Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura were the most predominant helminth infections in these regions. In the current study, we have profiled the faecal and saliva microbiota of a subset of these helm…

Endemic Thoracic Infections in Latin America and the Caribbean.

Infectious diseases, including parasitic diseases, which are commonly associated with poverty and poor sanitation, continue to cause significant morbidity, disability, and mortality in Latin America and the Caribbean region. This article reviews the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and cardiothoracic imaging manifestation of several communicable diseases endemic to this region.

Prevention of Herpesviridae Infections by Cationic PEGylated Carbosilane Dendrimers.

Infections caused by viruses from the Herpesviridae family produce some of the most prevalent transmitted diseases in the world, constituting a serious global public health issue. Some of the virus properties such as latency and the appearance of resistance to antiviral treatments complicate the development of effective therapies capable of facing the infection. In this context, dendrimers present themselves as promising alternatives to current treatments. In this study, we propose the use of PEGylated cationic carbosilane dendrimers as inhibitors of herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) and human cy…

Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis for viral infections other than HIV.

The battle against human viral infections has historically relied on two medical strategies, namely vaccines to protect from contagion and antivirals to treat infected patients. In the absence of vaccines, antivirals have occasionally been used as peri-exposure prophylaxis, given either before (pre-exposure prophylaxis) or right after (post-exposure prophylaxis). In an unprecedented way, the use of antiretrovirals as chemoprophylaxis has triumphed in the HIV field. Indeed, oral antiretrovirals given either daily or at demand to HIV-uninfected individuals engaged in high-risk behaviors protect …

Вирусная информатика: биоинформатическое решение проблемы вирусных инфекций.

Появляется несколько новых вирусных инфекций среди населения, которые превращаются в глобальные пандемии. Благодаря достижениям в области письменного перевода научное сообщество разработало потенциальные терапевтические средства для искоренения некоторых вирусных инфекций, таких, как оспа и полиомиелит, или борьбы с ними, которые в прошлом были причиной миллиардов инвалидов и смертей. К сожалению, некоторые вирусные инфекции, такие, как вирус денге (ДЕНВ) и вирус иммунодефицита человека-1 (ВИЧ-1), по-прежнему превалируют из-за отсутствия конкретных терапевтических средств, в то время как новые

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Several new viral infections have emerged in the human population and establishing as global pandemics. With advancements in translation research, the scientific community has developed potential therapeutics to eradicate or control certain viral infections, such as smallpox and polio, responsible for billions of disabilities and deaths in the past. Unfortun…

Катастрофические проявления у пациентов с заражением SARS-COV-2.

В то время как, как известно, SARS-COV-2 вызывает пневмонию и синдром острого дыхательного расстройства (ARDS), было также отмечено множество внешних проявлений COVID-19. У пациентов с SARS-COV-2 были описаны различные проявления, включая эритематическую сыпь, уртика и ветряные везикла. Шесть пациентов (два мужчины и четыре женщины) в возрастной группе от 50 до 60 лет, госпитализированных с инфекцией SARS-COV-2, подтвержденной цепной реакцией на полимеразу в режиме реального времени (ПКР в режиме реального времени), проявили резкие проявления. Сыпь была смешанной, прозрачной, центробежной и не

Dengue virus infections among European travellers, 2015 to 2019.

BackgroundDengue is a disease with major impacts on public health in tropical and subtropical countries. In Europe, in the past decade, few autochthonous outbreaks were described.AimWe aimed to identify factors associated with frequency of dengue virus infection among European travellers and at assessing how surveillance data could support preparedness against autochthonous outbreaks within Europe.MethodsWe performed a descriptive analysis of travel-related dengue cases reported by European countries from 2015 through 2019. Using flight passenger data, we calculated travellers' infection rates

The association between diabetes and obesity with Dengue infections.

Dengue, an arboviral disease is a global threat to public health as the number of Dengue cases increases through the decades and this trend is predicted to continue. Non-communicable diseases such as diabetes and obesity are also on an upward trend. Moreover, past clinical studies have shown comorbidities worsen the clinical manifestation of especially Severe Dengue. However, discussion regarding the underlying mechanisms regarding the association between these comorbidities and dengue are lacking. The hallmark of Severe Dengue is plasma leakage which is due to several factors including presen

Zebrafish as a Vertebrate Model for Studying Nodavirus Infections.

Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) is a neurotropic pathogenic virus affecting a multitude of marine and freshwater fish species that has a high economic impact on aquaculture farms worldwide. Therefore, the development of new tools and strategies aimed at reducing the mortality caused by this virus is a pivotal need. Although zebrafish is not considered a natural host for NNV, the numerous experimental advantages of this species make zebrafish an attractive model for studying different aspects of the disease caused by NNV, viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER). In this work, we established the

Adenoviral Infections in Neonates: A Case-Based Literature Review.

Adenoviral infections in neonates are associated with high rates of mortality due to the lack of humoral immunity. A comprehensive search of published literature in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct electronic databases was conducted for case reports published between the years 1990 and 2021. The aim of our study is to investigate the risk factors, clinical manifestations, treatment, and outcomes of adenoviral infections in neonates. In our study, 36 cases were included. The most common type of infection was disseminated one (14/36, 38.8%), followed by adenoviral pneumonia (13/36, 36.…

Enteroviral Infections in the First Three Months of Life.

Enteroviruses (EVs) are an important source of infection in the paediatric age, with most cases concerning the neonatal age and early infancy. Molecular epidemiology is crucial to understand the circulation of main serotypes in a specific area and period due to their extreme epidemiological variability. The diagnosis of EVs infection currently relies on the detection of EVs RNA in biological samples (usually cerebrospinal fluid and plasma, but also throat swabs and feces) through a polymerase chain reaction assay. Although EVs infections usually have a benign course, they sometimes become life…

Sexually Transmitted Infections: Updates From the 2021 CDC Guidelines.

Sexually transmitted infection (STI) rates are increasing for most nationally notifiable disease categories in the United States. The 2021 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention STI guidelines provide several updated, evidence-based testing and treatment recommendations. The recommended treatment for gonorrhea is ceftriaxone monotherapy given intramuscularly, with dosing based on the patient's body weight. For chlamydia, doxycycline is the preferred treatment. A test-of-cure is recommended for all cases of pharyngeal gonorrhea and for rectal chlamydia if treated with azithromycin. Vaginal

Infections and mental diseases: from tuberculosis to COVID-19.

COVID-19 pandemics reactivated interest in the relationship between mental diseases and infectious factors. In this narrative review, such a … y an inoculation of malaria, which initiated immunotherapy. Increased frequency of Toxoplasma gondi infections in psychiatric illnesses was found and higher risk of the illnesses following the infection in pregnancy. A more frequent incidence of schizophrenia in persons born during the influenza pandemic in the second half of the 20th century was evidenced. …

Can't Miss Infections: Endocarditis, Cellulitis, Erysipelas, Necrotizing Fasciitis, Cholecystitis.

This article reviews the presentation, physical examination findings, and diagnosis of selective common acute infectious diseases. In this article, we review nonpurulent skin infections, infective endocarditis, and acute cholecystitis.

Artificial intelligence in differentiating tropical infections: A step ahead.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Differentiating tropical infections are difficult due to its homogenous nature of clinical and laboratorial presentations among them. Sophisticated differential tests and prediction tools are better ways to tackle this issue. Here, we aimed to develop a clinician assisted decision making tool to differentiate the common tropical infections. METHODOLOGY: A cross sectional study through 9 item self-administered questionnaire were performed to understand the need of developing a decision making tool and its parameters. The most significant differential parameters among …

Outcome of Adult Malarial Co-infections in Eastern India.

INTRODUCTION: Co-infection with different agents such as bacterial, viral, and Rickettsia is being increasingly recognized due to greater av … e performed. RESULTS: A total of 152 malaria patients were recruited and 27 (18.8%) had concurrent infections. It included 40.7% dengue only, 18.7% pneumonia, 11.1% urinary tract infection (UTI), 7.4% enteric fever, 3.7% leptospirosis, chikungunya, and tuberculous meningitis each, and 3.7% each of dengue with pneumonia and UTI. The organisms isolated were S …

Effects of nasopharyngeal microbiota in respiratory infections and allergies.

The human microbiome, which consists of a collective cluster of commensal, symbiotic, and pathogenic microorganisms living in the human body, plays a key role in host health and immunity. The human nasal cavity harbors commensal bacteria that suppress the colonization of opportunistic pathogens. However, dysbiosis of the nasal microbial community is associated with many diseases, such as acute respiratory infections including otitis media, sinusitis and bronchitis and allergic respiratory diseases including asthma. The nasopharyngeal acquisition of pneumococcus, which exists as a pathobiont in…