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Minimal Stimulus Strategy in Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo: Its Application in a Resource Limited Setting.

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common cause for vertigo. It is diagnosed by the characteristic nystagmus induced by provocative positional tests. During these positional tests the patient experiences spinning vertigo and neurovegetative symptoms such as nausea and vomiting. This can cause severe discomfort to the patient during treatment and in some cases reduced compliance. Minimal stimulation strategy reduced the episodes of induced vertigo, nausea and vomiting thereby making the treatment maneuvers more tolerable. This study aims to evaluate the utility of minimum s

Validation of inner ear MRI in patients with Ménière's disease by comparing endolymphatic hydrops from histopathologic specimens.

Intravenous gadolinium-enhanced inner-ear magnetic resonance imaging (IV-Gd inner-ear MRI) has been used to visualize endolymphatic hydrops … e and utricle were 0.513 and 0.242, respectively. No significant hydropic change from each of three semicircular canals was evident in temporal bone histopathology. However, herniation of otolithic organs (saccule or utricle) into the lateral semicircular canal was found in 44.4% of the patients, with saccular herniation (24.8%) more common than utricular herniation …

Motion Perception in Patients with Idiopathic Bilateral Vestibular Hypofunction.

We measured vestibular perceptual thresholds in patients with idiopathic bilateral vestibulopathy to assess the distribution of peripheral vestibular damage in this disorder. Thresholds were measured with standard psychometric techniques in 4 patients and compared with thresholds in normal subjects and patients with completely absent peripheral vestibular function. Motion paradigms included yaw rotation (testing the lateral canals), interaural translation (testing the utricles), superior-inferior translation (testing the saccules), and roll tilt (testing the vertical semicircular canals and th…

Post-traumatic pneumolabyrinth: a rare cause of hearing loss.

Pneumolabyrinth (PL) is the presence of air within the vestibule, semicircular canals, or cochlea. It represents an abnormal connection between the inner ear and middle ear spaces. PL most commonly occurs after blunt head trauma, followed by penetrating injuries. Temporal fractures may or may not accompany. Prognosis of hearing loss is poor, while prognosis of vestibular symptoms is good. Herein we present a 45-year-old female with unilateral pneumolabyrinth, who presented with significant dizziness and unilateral total hearing loss after a car accident.

Otological manifestations of CHARGE association.

The combined findings of abnormalities of the incus and stapes, absence of the oval window, absence of the stapedius muscle (with absent pyramidal eminence and tympanic sinus in most cases), and abnormalities of different parts of the inner ear (dysplastic cochlea, hypoplastic or dysplastic vestibule, and absent semicircular canals) are characteristic of the CHARGE association. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging using 1-mm-thick contiguous slices proved useful in demonstrating the broad spectrum of temporal bone abnormalities in patients with the CHARGE association.

[A device to stimulate sea sickness in horizontal and head-down positions].

A device enabling to expose small laboratory animals (rabbits, cats, etc.) to sea sickness using the swing with one suspended bar in an automatic mode both in horizontal and head-down position with different tilt angles has been developed. The device can be used for affecting during unlimited periods of time the otolith apparatus and semicircular canals in combination, if need be, with antiorthostatic hypokinesia. The design provides quick and easy installation of the container with an animal in horizontal or head-down position.

Pearls & Oy-sters: Vibration-Induced Downbeat Nystagmus: A New Cerebellar Sign Observed in Paraneoplastic Syndrome.

Vibratory stimulation of the sternocleidomastoid muscles or the skull may enhance vestibular asymmetry and evoke nystagmus. We report promin … -head impulse tests, the gains of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) were normal for both horizontal semicircular canals but increased for both anterior canals and decreased for both posterior canals. Horizontal head impulses produced cross-coupled downward corrective saccades. Given the asymmetric vertical VOR, downbeat VIN observed in our patient may be ascribed to …

Hearing Preservation Following Repeated Adenovector Delivery.

Factors influencing the damage to the inner ear can include the surgical approach used for vector delivery, the volume of vector used, the b … st vector delivery, and 3 days post second vector delivery via ABR and DPOAE. Dual delivery via the semicircular canals resulted in preservation of hearing suggesting that pre-exposure to Ad5 capsid does not predispose to hearing loss. Delivery to the round window resulted in hearing loss that was worsened after the second vector delivery, suggesting that delivery ro …

[Significance of the seated supine positioning nystagmus for the diagnosis of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo].

Objective:To observe and assess the significance of seated supine positioning nystagmus (SSPN) in the diagnosis of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo(BPPV).Method:Two hundreds patients who were diagnosed BPPV were tested with the seated supine positioning test(SSPT) to observe SSPN,then were tested Supine roll test(SRT) and Dix-Hallpike test(DHT). According to the result of SRT and DHT,patients were divided into different groups. The positive rate and feature of SSPN in different types of BPPV was analyzed.Result:Among the 200 patients,116 cases(58.0%) of them showed SSPN. Among the 116 case

Multislice computed tomography in the diagnosis of superior canal dehiscence: how much error, and how to minimize it?

HYPOTHESIS: Multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) overestimates the size of superior semicircular canal dehiscences (SSCDs) and also can misinterpret thin bone over the superior semicircular canal as dehiscent. A threshold of the radiodensity of the bone over the superior semicircular canal may exist that could optimize prediction of an actual SSCD. BACKGROUND: The gold standard for diagnosis of SSCD is MSCT, but there is a higher prevalence of SSCD based on MSCT compared with histologic studies. Overestimation of SSCD can lead to inappropriate diagnosis and treatment. METHODS: We correlate

Audio-Vestibular Function in Patients Diagnosed with Lyme Neuroborreliosis.

BACKGROUND: This study assessed the audio-vestibular function and symptoms in patients diagnosed with Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB). METHODS: Patients with LNB were included prospectively. Diagnosis was based on a cerebrospinal fluid leukocyte count ≧ 10 × 106 cells/L and a positive blood antibody production or intrathecal Borrelia burgdorferi antibody titer together with symptoms of LNB. Vestibular assessments included video head impulse test and a caloric test. Hearing was assessed by pure-tone audiometry at discharge and 30 days after hospitalization and compared to a healthy age- and sex-ma

Altered cupular mechanics: a cause of peripheral vestibular disorders?

It has taken many decades to arrive at today's concept of cupula mechanics in the stimulation of endolymphatic flows on the hair cells in the ampullae of the semicircular canal. While Steinhausen assumed free swing-door movement of the cupula in the 1930s, Hillman was the first to demonstrate firm cupula attachment to the ampulla wall as a physiological necessity in the 1970s. In contrast to the present clinical concepts of acute peripheral vestibular functional disorders (circulatory disturbances, viral or bacterial infection, altered electrolytes in the endolymph), this study examines the ex

Comparative study between the caloric vestibular and the video-head impulse tests in unilateral Menière's disease.

OBJECTIVE: Compare the caloric vestibular test (CVT) and the video head impulse test (vHIT) in the evaluation of Meniere's disease (MD) and … NCLUSIONS: Our study shows that patients with MD can have functional deficit involving the vertical semicircular canals, which cannot be detected by the CVT alone. Therefore, both tests should be used in a complementary fashion.

Afferent responses during experimentally induced semicircular canalithiasis.

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a common vestibular disorder that results in brief periods of vertigo and nystagmus, when the head is tipped relative to gravity. Symptoms are commonly attributed to the pathological presence of heavy calcium carbonate particles within the lumen of the semicircular canal(s)-a condition termed canalithiasis. In the present work, we induced canalithiasis in an animal model (oyster toadfish, Opsanus tau) by introducing heavy glass microbeads into the lumen of the lateral semicircular canal. Bead movement under the action of gravity and canal afferent

Pathogenesis of experimental endolymphatic hydrops.

The protein content and the d.c. potential of the endolymph differs in the various parts of the endolymphatic space (cochlea, utricle, semicircular canals and endolymphatic sac) as also does the ion composition (chloride, potassium, sodium). 12 months after obliteration of the endolymphatic sac and duct in guinea pigs the d.c. potential falls, whereas, the sodium activity increases. The endolymphatic hydrops is not caused by an increased colloid osmotic pressure. The increased water-binding capacity of the cochlear endolymph is correlated with the increased Na+ activity.

[Imaging features of duplication of the internal auditory canal].

OBJECTIVE: To explore multiple slices computed tomography (MSCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of duplication of the interna … than 2 mm. In addition, 5 ears were found to have an enlarged vestibules and the hypoplasia lateral semicircular canals, and meanwhile, 2 ears of them were combined with ipsilateral microtia. Also 1 case of them was combined with microtia, outer acoustic atresia as well as abnormal middle ear. Multiplanar reconstruction and volume rendering images can entirely show t …

Correlation between Preoperative High Resolution Computed Tomography (CT) Findings with Surgical Findings in Chronic Otitis Media (COM) Squamosal Type.

Background The exact role of High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) temporal bone in preoperative assessment of Chronic suppurative otitis media atticoantral disease still remains controversial. Objective To evaluate the role of high resolution computed tomography temporal bone in Chronic suppurative otitis media atticoantral disease and to compare preoperative computed tomographic findings with intra-operative findings. Method Prospective, analytical study conducted among 65 patients with chronic suppurative otitis media atticoantral disease in Department of Radiodiagnosis, Kathmandu Univ

AI-Assisted Compressed Sensing for Optimized Inner Ear Imaging: a Multi-Rater MRI Evaluation of CSAI T2-DRIVE.

PURPOSE: High-resolution T2-weighted imaging is essential for preoperative assessment before cochlear implantation. Compressed sensing (CS) … lgorithm. Three raters independently assessed the imaging quality of anatomical landmarks (cochlea, semicircular canals, vestibulocochlear nerve), artifacts, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) using a 5-point Likert scale. Each rater re-rated a subset of images after ≥ 4 weeks. Inter- and intra-rater reliability were calculated using quadratically weighted Cohen's kappa …

Механизмы пресечения VOR в патологии мозга: Отсутствия антикомпенсационных саккадов, несмотря на нормальный выигрыш VOR.

Справочная информация/цель: " Оповещенный импульс головы " (SHIMP) представляет собой специализированный вариант испытания на импульс головы (HIT), предназначенный для оценки воздействия центральных механизмов на угловой Вестибуло-окулярный рефлекс (aVOR). Эти механизмы используются главным образом в виде мозговых стержней, в том числе в виде ядер, их проекций на окулярное моторное ядро и мозжечного мозжечка. Ущерб, причиненный этим районам, может помешать созданию противокомпенсационных саккадов (САК), даже если периферийный жилетный аппарат остается неповрежденным. В настоящем иссл

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Background/Objective: The Suppression Head Impulse Paradigm (SHIMP) is a specialized variant of the Head Impulse Test (HIT), designed to eva … nson's disease (PwPD). The video Head Impulse Test was performed to assess the aVOR gain across all semicircular canals using both the HIMP and SHIMP. The presence, absence, or delay of ACs was systematically recorded. Results: Among the 119 patients evaluated (238 semicircular canals), 24 (20%) demonstrated normal aVOR gain but failed to generate ACs during SHIMP. T …