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Lactobacillus-Dominated Cervical Microbiota Revealed by Long-Read 16S rRNA Sequencing: A Greek Pilot Study.

Background/Objectives: The vaginal microbiota constitutes a highly dynamic microbial ecosystem shaped by the distinct mucosal, hormonal, and immunological environment of the female genital tract. Accumulating evidence suggests that shifts in cervical microbial composition and function may influence host-microbe interactions and contribute to gynecological disease risk. Within this framework, the present study aimed to perform an in-depth genomic characterization of the cervical microbiota in a well-defined cohort of Greek women. The primary objective was to explore the functional microbial lan…

Gut Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids: Key Factors in Pediatric Obesity and Therapeutic Targets.

Obesity in the pediatric population has become a public health problem with an increasing prevalence in recent years. The gut microbiota and its metabolites, especially short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), play vital roles in the development of pediatric obesity. This manuscript aims to highlight the link between the gut microbiota and obesity by examining microbial imbalances, such as altered Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratios and altered SCFA production, especially butyrate, propionate, and acetate. Advances in genomic technologies, such as 16S rRNA sequencing, have enabled personalized treatments …

Association between gut microbiota composition and liver dysfunction in school-aged children exposed to triclosan.

Growing epidemiological evidence implicate endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the development of liver dysfunction across populations. … emerging as the primary contributor. Stratification by median TCS exposure revealed significant gut microbiota compositional differences between high- and low-exposure groups. Mediation analysis identified Desulfovibrio as a key microbial mediator, explaining 48.5 % of the TCS-associated effect on AST/ALT. Our findings suggest that EDC co-exposure, particula …

Exploration of fecal microbiota in newly diagnosed patients with inflammatory bowel disease using shotgun metagenomics.

INTRODUCTION: Dysbiosis is a key mechanism in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathophysiology. Previous microbiota studies in IBD generally have involved patients treated with immunosuppressive agents, which can affect the results. We aimed to elucidate the fecal microbiota composition in newly diagnosed treatment-naïve IBD patients. METHODS: Microbiota from stool samples were investigated using shotgun metagenomics sequencing and subsequent bioinformatics analysis. RESULTS: A total of 103 patients with Crohn's disease (CD), 144 with ulcerative colitis (UC), and 49 healthy controls (HC) wer…

Oral Microbiota and Pharyngeal-Laryngeal Cancer Risk: Evidence from Mendelian Randomization in East Asian Populations.

Pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer (PLC) encompasses a range of aggressive malignancies associated with substantial clinical impact, underscori … oral microbial taxa and PLC using a two-sample MR approach. The goal was to identify specific oral microbiota that may directly contribute to the development of PLC and could serve as potential biomarkers or targets for therapeutic intervention. A two-sample MR analysis was conducted to assess the causal impact of 3,117 oral microbial taxa on the risk of PL …

Huang-qin decoction alleviates deoxycholic acid-induced colorectal cancer in mice by regulating gut microbiota.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Huangqin Decoction (HQD), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula documented in Shang Han Lun, has demo … metagenomic sequencing were performed to analyze changes in the composition of the mouse intestinal microbiota and related functions and signaling pathways. RESULTS: The active ingredients of HQD were identified. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses indicated that the shared targets were primarily involved in tumor suppression. HQD effectively treated DC …

Refined photobiomodulation therapy ameliorates inflammatory bowel disease via modulation of immune pathways and gut microbiota.

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are chronic conditions influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Current treatments are costly and not universally effective. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of refined photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy by addressing limitations in light delivery and its impact on gut microbiota using a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model. METHODS: PBM therapy was administered using an 830 nm infrared LED with optimized light delivery protocols, including abdominal h…

Alterations in Gut Microbiota After Upper Gastrointestinal Resections: Should We Implement Screening to Prevent Complications?

Background: Surgical procedures and alterations of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract increase the risk of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), which is associated with GI symptoms and complications that compromise postoperative recovery. However, the prevalence and clinical impact of SIBO after various upper GI surgical procedures remain poorly understood. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of SIBO after different types of upper GI surgery and to investigate the associated clinical factors. Methods: We conducted an observational study involving 157 patients with a hi

Guipi Tang alleviates vascular dementia by regulating purine metabolism via gut microbiota-derived pantothenic acid.

BACKGROUND: Vascular dementia (VD) is the second-most common type of dementia. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is a crucial trigger of VD. CCH can disrupt the gut microbiota (GM), thereby exacerbating VD. Guipi Tang (GPT) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula for alleviating dementia. However, the mechanism by which GPT alleviates VD remains unclear. PURPOSE: We employed multi-omics techniques to investigate the mechanism of action of GPT in mitigating VD through the metabolites of the GM. METHODS: We used a bilateral common carotid artery occlusion model and 16S rDNA sequenci…

KangJiaFang granules ameliorates experimental autoimmune thyroiditis by regulating CD4+ T cells and altering gut microbiota.

BACKGROUND: KangJiaFang (KJF) is a classical prescription of traditional Chinese medicine for treating Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) in clini … ng TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-17 levels while elevating TGF-β and IL-4. Additionally, KJF altered the gut microbiota composition, specifically increasing the abundance of beneficial genera Faecalibaculum and Bifidobacterium while decreasing the harmful genus Escherichia-Shigella. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrated that KJF alleviated the severity of EAT in rats …

Metabolic reprogramming and gut microbiota ecology drive divergent Plasmodium vivax infection outcomes in Anopheles darlingi.

Anopheles darlingi is the principal malaria vector in the Amazon basin, where Plasmodium vivax accounts for the majority of cases. Despite its epidemiological importance, the molecular and microbial determinants of A. darlingi susceptibility to P. vivax remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated vector-parasite-microbiota interactions using experimental infections with field-derived P. vivax gametocytaemic blood, which produced two distinct infection phenotypes: low and high oocyst burdens. Transcriptomic profiling of mosquito midguts across key parasite developmental timepoints revealed …

Oral Microbiota Dysbiosis in Male HIV Patients: Comparative Analysis of Candidiasis and HPV-Associated Lesions.

Progressive immune damage associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) alters mucosal homeostasis, favouring oral microbial imbalance and the development of opportunistic infections. The aim of this study was to characterize the composition and structure of the oral microbiota in different clinical conditions of HIV infection. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 99 Mexican men divided into five groups: HIV-negative controls, newly diagnosed without antiretroviral treatment, virally suppressed, with oral candidiasis, and with HPV infection. Metagenomic DNA was obtained from salivary …

Probiotic administration correlated with reduced diarrheal incidence and improved gut microbiota diversity in young goats.

INTRODUCTION: Probiotic interventions in young livestock are gaining attention for their potential health benefits. METHODS: This study inv … le Prevotellaceae UG_001 and Proteus decreased. DISCUSSION: The findings highlight significant gut microbiota differences between healthy and diarrheal kids, suggesting that modifications in gut microbiota composition could alleviate diarrhea, contributing to preventive and therapeutic strategies for this condition.

Melatonin Confers Protection Against Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Infections in Aged Mice Via Microbiota-Derived Butyrate.

Aging is associated with increased susceptibility to bacterial infections, particularly multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains, which often resul … ancing microbial colonization resistance. Mechanistically, melatonin-induced alterations in the gut microbiota, particularly the enrichment of butyrate-producing bacteria including Faecalibaculum, Muribaculaceae, and Ruminococcus, played a pivotal role in enhancing resistance to pathogenic bacteria. Elevated gut butyrate levels following melatonin pre-supple …

Микроэкология и тренировка: целевое воздействие на ось микробиота-Гут-Брэйна для лечения заболеваний центральной нервной системы.

Кишечная микробиота (ГМ) может играть решающую роль в развитии и развитии заболеваний центральной нервной системы (ЦНС). Микроэкология и упражнение могут влиять на состав и функции ГМ, оказывая тем самым позитивное воздействие на НКЦ. Ожидается, что комбинированные физические упражнения и микроэкология позволят более комплексно и эффективно решать проблемы, связанные с заболеваниями CNS, через ось микробиота-гут-мозгов (MMBA), потенциально превысив результаты отдельных мероприятий. Однако в настоящее время по этой теме не проводится соответствующих обзоров. В этом обзоре мы изучаем взаимосвязь

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The gut microbiota (GM) may play a crucial role in the development and progression of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Microecologics and exercise can influence the composition and function of GM, thereby exerting positive effects on the CNS. Combined interventions of exercise and microecologics are expected to more comprehensively and effectively addr…

FGF20 modulates gut microbiota to mitigate dextran sodium sulfate-induced ulcerative colitis in mouse models.

Ulcerative colitis (UC), a prevalent form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), presents a significant clinical challenge due to the lack of … f tight junction and mucin proteins. Moreover, FGF20 significantly ameliorated the dysbiosis of gut microbiota in DSS-treated mice by increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria and decreasing the abundance of harmful bacteria. The beneficial effects of FGF20 were notably attenuated following gut microbiota depletion with an antibiotic regimen. Fecal mic …

Litchi Procyanidins Ameliorate DSS-Induced Colitis through Gut Microbiota-Dependent Regulation of Treg/Th17 Balance.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a common chronic, relapsing inflammatory bowel condition. Procyanidins (PC) are known for their antiangiogenic, a … of Th17 cells in the colon following PC treatment. Additionally, PC increased the abundance of gut microbiota such as Bacteroidota, Oscillospiraceae, Muribaculaceae, and Desulfovibrionaceae, as well as the concentrations of acetate acid, propionate acid, and butyrate acid in the feces. PC also activated short-chain fatty acid receptors, such as G-protein co …

Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide alleviates ulcerative colitis by modulating gut microbiota and SCFA/GPR/NLRP3 pathway.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. (CP) is a Chinese herb commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat ulcerative colitis (UC). C. pilosula polysaccharide (CPPS) is an important bioactive compound in CP. Polysaccharides are degraded by and interact with the gut microbiota, exerting therapeutic effects. However, the mechanism of action of CPPS in treating UC by regulating gut microbiota is unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to elucidate the therapeutic efficacy of CPPS on UC mice and its mechanism of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Size-excl…

Gut microbiota diversity repeatedly diminishes over time following maintenance infliximab infusions in paediatric IBD patients.

BACKGROUND: The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Understanding t … ents (median age 14.4 years) diagnosed with Crohn´s Disease (n = 16) or ulcerative colitis (n = 9), microbiota were analysed in 671 faecal samples collected across 15 treatment intervals. A significant decrease over time in Shannon diversity, following the initial increase within four weeks of treatment, was found across patients. FC levels showed no associa …