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Stereopsis Assessment in a Pediatric Population and Its Association With Refractive Error: A Cross-Sectional Study.

INTRODUCTION: Stereopsis is the perception of depth arising from binocular vision and is essential for fine motor skills and overall visual … efractive errors and a history of spectacle use for at least one month were included. Children with strabismus, amblyopia, ocular pathology, or poor cooperation were excluded. All participants underwent detailed ophthalmic evaluation, including visual acuity assessment, slit-lamp examination, fundus evaluation, and refraction (dry and cycloplegic), followed …

[Clinical characteristics and treatment of congenital fibrovascular pupillary membranes].

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics, surgical approaches and postoperative effects associated with congenital fibrovascul … my and pupilloplasty and iridectomy. Postoperative intraocular pressure can be well controlled, and strabismus has no improvement. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2018, 54:849-854).

[Epidemiology of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in Beijing, China].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) in Beijing, China. ME … l RD were excluded. Exudative RD, tractional RD, secondary detachment of retina after vitrectomy or strabismus operation or excision of ocular tumor and mixed retinal detachment were also excluded. RESULTS: A total of 526 patients were diagnosed in the city proper and the nearby suburbs. The annual incidence of rhegmatogenous RD was 7.98 per 100 000 populat …

Deep Learning Prediction of Childhood Myopia Progression Using Fundus Image and Refraction Data.

IMPORTANCE: Childhood myopia is a global health concern with escalating prevalence and can lead to severe irreversible visual impairment. Ea … Henan Province, China. Children who received myopia control treatments, had amblyopia, or underwent strabismus surgery were excluded. Two independent external validation cohorts were used: the Lhasa cohort (predominantly consisting of Tibetan children) and the Beijing cohort (predominantly consisting of Han Chinese children). Data analysis was performed from …

Artificial intelligence in ophthalmology: opportunities, challenges, and ethical considerations.

BACKGROUND: By leveraging the imaging-rich nature of ophthalmology and optometry, artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming the v … 90%, although performance varies with disease stage and population diversity. AI has also advanced strabismus detection, amblyopia risk prediction, and myopia progression forecasting by using facial analysis and biometric data. Currently, key challenges in implementing AI in ophthalmology include dataset bias, limited external validation, regulatory hurdles …

Effects of Immersive Virtual Reality Headset Viewing on Young Children: Visuomotor Function, Postural Stability, and Motion Sickness.

PURPOSE: To assess the safety of VR 3D headset (virtual reality 3-dimensional binocular-stereoscopic near-eye display) use in young children … ssion was followed by post-VR testing of binocular CDVA, refractive error, binocular eye alignment (strabismus), stereoacuity, and postural stability (imbalance). Visually induced motion sickness was probed using the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire modified for pediatric use (Peds SSQ). Visual-vestibulo-ocular reflex (V-VOR) adaptation was also tested pre- …

The Convergence Insufficiency Neuro-mechanism in Adult Population Study (CINAPS) Randomized Clinical Trial: Design, Methods, and Clinical Data.

Purpose: To describe the design and methodology of the Convergence Insufficiency Neuro-mechanism in Adult Population Study (CINAPS), the first randomized clinical trial (RCT) studying young adults with symptomatic convergence insufficiency (CI) using a combination of traditional clinical tests, objective eye movement recordings, and functional brain activities as outcome measures.Methods: In this double-masked RCT, binocularly normal controls (BNC) (N = 50) and CI patients (N = 50) are randomized into office-based vergence/accommodative therapy (OBVAT) or office-based placebo therapy (OBPT). O

Neuropathies of the optic nerve and visual evoked potentials with special reference to color vision and differential light threshold measured with the computer perimeter OCTOPUS.

The contrast evoked potentials (VEPs) to different check sizes were recorded in about 200 cases of discrete optic neuropathies (ON) of different origin. Differential light threshold (DLT) was tested with the computer perimeter OCTOPUS. Saturated and desaturated tests were applied to evaluate the degree of acquired color vision deficiency. Delayed VEP responses are not confined to optic neuritis (RBN) alone and the different latency times obtained from other ON are confluent. The delay may be due to demyelination, to an increasing dominance of paramacular VEP subcomponents or to an increasing d

MASP1 mutations in patients with facial, umbilical, coccygeal, and auditory findings of Carnevale, Malpuech, OSA, and Michels syndromes.

Distinctive facial features consisting of hypertelorism, telecanthus, blepharophimosis, blepharoptosis, epicanthus inversus, periumbilical defects, and skeletal anomalies are seen in autosomal-recessive Carnevale, Malpuech, Michels, and oculo-skeletal-abdominal (OSA) syndromes. The gene or genes responsible for these syndromes were heretofore unknown. We report on three individuals from two consanguineous Turkish families with findings characteristic of these syndromes, including facial dysmorphism, periumbilical depression, mixed hearing loss, radioulnar synostosis, and coccygeal appendage. H

Botulinum toxin type A for facial wrinkles.

BACKGROUND: Botulinum toxin type A (BontA) is the most frequent treatment for facial wrinkles, but its effectiveness and safety have not pre … ipant assessment of success and major adverse events (AEs) (eyelid ptosis, eyelid sensory disorder, strabismus). Secondary outcomes included physician assessment of success; proportion of participants with at least one AE and duration of treatment effect. We used GRADE to assess the certainty of the evidence for each outcome. MAIN RESULTS: We included 65 RC …

Interventions for eye movement disorders due to acquired brain injury.

BACKGROUND: Acquired brain injury can cause eye movement disorders which may include: strabismus, gaze deficits and nystagmus, causing visual symptoms of double, blurred or 'juddery' vision and reading difficulties. A wide range of interventions exist that have potential to alleviate or ameliorate these symptoms. There is a need to evaluate the effectiveness of these interventions and the timing of their implementation. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess the effectiveness of any intervention and determine the effect of timing of intervention in the treatment of strabismus, gaze deficits and nysta…

Gaucher Disease Types I and III Responded Well to Substrate Reduction Therapy Using Eliglustat.

Gaucher disease (GD) causes the accumulation of glucocerebrosides in various organs, resulting in hepatosplenomegaly, anemia, decreased platelet counts, and bone disorders. Glucosylsphingosine accumulates in the brain and causes central nervous system (CNS) disorders. GD can be classified into types I (without CNS disorders), II, and III. Substrate reduction therapy (SRT) is an oral therapy that improves patients' quality of life; however, its effect on type III GD is unknown. We administered SRT to GD types I and III patients and found it effective. Malignancy is a late complication of GD, bu

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… Physical examination findings were normal, as were neurological findings, including the absence of ocular motility disorders, such as strabismus and horizontal gaze palsy. … Physical examination findings were normal, as were neurological findings, including the absence of ocular motility disorders, such as strabismus and horizontal gaze palsy. …

[Spatial misperceptions in amblyopic vision: abnormal activation of the primary visual cortex?].

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to provide a description of the spatial distortions and temporal instability in amblyopic vision, and to attempt to define a cortical substrate of the spatial distortions in strabismic amblyopia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The perceptual distortions and instabilities occurring in amblyopic vision were investigated psychophysically, by asking 17 subjects to describe and sketch their percepts. This was then visualised with an animated computer programme and validated by the subjects. In a second experiment, the cortical responses of normal observers to patterns

Correction of large amblyopiogenic refractive errors in children using the excimer laser.

PURPOSE: We sought to determine whether laser subepithelial keratomileusis (LASEK) and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) are effective methods for correcting amblyopiogenic refractive errors in children. METHODS: Thirty-six eyes in 35 amblyopic children, who ranged in age from 4 to 16 years (mean, 8.4 years), received treatment for large magnitude ametropia. Seventy-two percent (25/35) of the children had a neurobehavioral disorder and/or were noncompliant with spectacle or contact lens wear. Myopia ranged from -3.25 to -24.25 D (mean, -11.48 D); one patient had hyperopia of +5.87 D. Correcti

Ocular Findings in Patients with the Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome (Types 1 and 3).

PURPOSE: To describe and compare ocular findings in patients with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) type 1 and 3. METHODS: This is a retrospective case series of 64 patients with HPS from 1999 to 2009 evaluated at an outpatient private ophthalmologic clinic. Patients underwent genetic analysis of selected albinism (Tyrosine and P gene) and HPS genes (HPS-1 and HPS-3) by screening for common mutations and exon sequencing with DNA screening. Descriptive and non-parametric statistical analyses were carried out. RESULTS: Nearly 70% of the patients were homozygous for common Puerto Rican mutations