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Unusual intranuclear filaments in the circulating lymphocytes of patients with multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis.

Mononuclear cells obtained from the peripheral blood of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and optic neuritis (ON) were examined by electron microscopy. Unusual intranuclear filaments identical with the so-called paramyxovirus-like filaments were found in circulating lymphocytes from 5 patients with MS and 3 with ON. They were observed in 0.1 to 0.5% of the mononuclear cells. Electron microscopy of the blood cells from 5 other patients with ON, 3 patients with neurologic diseases other than MS, and 4 normal subjects failed to reveal similar structures. The filaments were also absent from bl…

Multiple sclerosis with reduced and with normal levels of complement in the blood. Clinical and genetic correlation.

The authors describe the results of immunological assay of complement factors C3, C4 (the usual path of activation of complement) and of B factor (the alternate path of activation) in 61 multiple sclerosis patients not receiving corticoids, 52 normal controls and 217 patients with other neurological disorders. Hypocomplementaemia (fall in factor C3 related to a fall in total haemolytic activity) was found in 29.5 p. 100 of the patients not on corticotherapy at the first assay, and in 36 p. 100 of the patients when repeated assays were carried out. Hypocomplementaemia is significantly more freq…

Изучение потенциала бессмертной виртуальной реальности (ВПР) в качестве инструмента для укрепления когнитивных функций и смягчения клинических симптомов при множественном склерозе (MS): Усиление когнитивных функций при множественном склерозе с использованием виртуальной реальности.

Лица с множественным склерозом (PwMS) страдают когнитивными и моторными расстройствами, которые оказывают значительное воздействие на их трудовую жизнь и повседневное функционирование. Поскольку технологии виртуальной реальности (VR) продемонстрировали многообещающее значение в области нейрореабилитации, в этом исследовании мы разработали программу когнитивного обучения на основе VR и оценили, может ли она улучшить когнитивное функционирование в группе PwMS (n = 33) и здоровых участников контроля (n = 26). Мы отметили, что в обеих группах участников повторяющаяся практика приводит к ежедневном

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
People with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) suffer cognitive and motor impairments that significantly impact their work life and daily functioning. Because virtual reality (VR) technologies have shown promise in the field of neurorehabilitation, in this study we developed a VR-based cognitive training program and assessed whether it could improve cognitive functio…

Cost-of-Illness Progression Before and After Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis: A Nationwide Register-Based Cohort Study in Sweden of People Newly Diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis and a Population-Based Matched Reference Group.

BackgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease associated with increased healthcare utilisation and productivity losses.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to explore the progression of healthcare costs and productivity losses before and after diagnosis of MS in comparison to that of a population-based matched reference group.MethodsWe conducted a nationwide, Swedish register-based cohort study of working-aged people with MS diagnosed in 2010-12 (n = 1988) and population-based matched references without MS (n = 7981). Nine years of observation spanned from 4 years prior (Y-4) to 4…

Профессиональная подготовка по вопросам резистентности к высокой интенсивности у людей с множественным склерозом усталости - опыт случайного контролируемого испытания: краткое название: опыт подготовки по вопросам резистентности к высокой интенсивности у людей с множественным склерозом усталости.

У людей с множественным склерозом (PwMS) часто возникает усталость. Похоже, что профессиональная подготовка по вопросам высокой интенсивности устойчивости (HIRT) является эффективным средством снижения уровня усталости среди ПТМС. ЦЕЛЬ: качественное описание опыта и предполагаемых результатов ПВМС, которые участвовали в произвольно контролируемом испытании ГИРТ, а также их представлений о продолжении профессиональной подготовки в их повседневной жизни. МЕТОДЫ: Из 68 участников, имеющих право на участие в этой программе, 17 сотрудников ПМС (4 мужчины, 13 женщин) были набраны на основе выборочно

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: People with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) frequently experience fatigue. High-intensity resistance training (HIRT) seems to be effective in reducing fatigue among PwMS. OBJECTIVE: To qualitatively describe experiences and perceived outcomes of PwMS who participated in a randomized controlled trial of HIRT, and their perceptions on maintenance of tra…

Glucopeptides derived from myelin-relevant proteins and hyperglucosylated nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae bacterial adhesin cross-react with multiple sclerosis specific antibodies: A step forward in the identification of native autoantigens in multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and autoimmune disorder, in which an antibody-mediated demyelination mechanism plays a critical role. We prepared two glucosylated peptides derived from the human myelin proteins, that is, oligodendrocyte-myelin glycoprotein (OMGp) and reticulon-4 receptor (RTN4R), selected by a bioinformatic approach for their conformational homology with CSF114(Glc), a designed β-turn antigenic probe derived from myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), a glycoprotein present in the CNS. This synthetic antigen is specifically recognized by antibodies in sera of MS…

Autoimmune T cell repertoire in optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis: T cells recognising multiple myelin proteins are accumulated in cerebrospinal fluid.

Monosymptomatic unilateral optic neuritis is a common first manifestation of multiple sclerosis. Abnormal T cell responses to myelin components including myelin basic protein (MBP), proteolipid protein (PLP), and myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. Antigen-reactive T helper type 1 (Th1)-like cells that responded by interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) secretion on antigen stimulation in vitro were counted. Untreated patients with optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis had similarly raised levels of T cells recognising MBP, PLP, and MAG in…

Multiple faces of multiple sclerosis in the era of highly efficient treatment modalities: Lymphopenia and switching treatment options challenges daily practice.

The expanded treatment landscape in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) has resulted in highly effective treatment options and complexity in managing disease- or drug-related events during disease progression. Proper decision-making requires thorough knowledge of the immunobiology of MS itself and an understanding of the main principles behind the mechanisms that lead to secondary autoimmunity affecting organs other than the central nervous system as well as opportunistic infections. The immune system is highly adapted to both environmental and disease-modifying agents. Immune reconsti…

Non-parametric combination analysis of multiple data types enables detection of novel regulatory mechanisms in T cells of multiple sclerosis patients.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system with prominent neurodegenerative components. The triggering and progression of MS is associated with transcriptional and epigenetic alterations in several tissues, including peripheral blood. The combined influence of transcriptional and epigenetic changes associated with MS has not been assessed in the same individuals. Here we generated paired transcriptomic (RNA-seq) and DNA methylation (Illumina 450 K array) profiles of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (CD4, CD8), using clinically accessible blood from healthy donors and M…

Incident Comorbid Diabetes and Outcomes in Multiple Sclerosis: An English Population-Based Cohort Study.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the incidence of diabetes mellitus and its associations with hospitalisation and mortality in adults with multiple sclerosis (MS) and matched controls. METHODS: Using English primary care data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, linked to hospital and mortality records, we matched adults with MS with up to 10 controls without MS by age, sex and practice. We excluded individuals with pre-existing diabetes mellitus. Outcomes included all-cause hospitalisation (number and duration) and mortality. We used Poisson, negative binomial, linear and Cox proportional haza…

Prevalence of Self-Reported Pelvic-Floor-Related Symptoms Among Female Patients with Multiple Sclerosis.

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is more prevalent among females worldwide. The Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) assesses MS progression, including disability related to pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD), such as bowel and bladder dysfunction. However, data on PFD symptoms in patients with MS remain limited. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and impact of self- reported pelvic-floor-related symptoms among women with MS in Saudi Arabia and their effects on quality of life (QOL). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 112 female patients with MS (EDSS ≤ 7, age ≥ 18 yea…

Mechanisms underlying exercise-induced pain modulation in people with multiple sclerosis - a scoping review.

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIM: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a prevalent chronic neuroinflammatory disease, characterized by demyelination, inflammation and axonal degeneration. Up to 40% of people with MS (pwMS) experience central neuropathic pain (CNP). Despite numerous debilitating consequences, CNP is often underdiagnosed and undertreated, with limited pharmacological options available. However, exercise is a promising non-pharmacological intervention in the management of pain. This scoping review therefore aims to (a) outline the pathophysiological mechanisms of CNP in MS, (b) summarize the neuro…

Impact of Oral Cladribine on TSPO-PET-Measurable Immune Cell Activation in Multiple Sclerosis.

INTRODUCTION: Oral cladribine reduces focal inflammatory activity in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Preclinical studies suggest it may also modulate microglial activation. In this prospective, single-arm pilot study, we investigated the effect of oral cladribine on glial activation using 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) positron emission tomography (PET) in a real-world, longitudinal RRMS cohort. METHODS: People with RRMS initiating oral cladribine underwent TSPO-PET with [11C]PK11195, 3-T brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) and gli…

Targeting the HPGDS-PGD2 axis to treat Th17 cell-mediated autoimmunity in multiple sclerosis.

Th17 cells are central drivers of autoimmune pathology, including multiple sclerosis (MS), yet the endogenous metabolic signals that shape their pathogenic differentiation remain incompletely defined. Prostaglandin D₂ (PGD2) is traditionally viewed as an extracellular mediator in allergic diseases. Here, we identify PGD2 as a cell-intrinsic antagonist of the nuclear receptor PPARγ, thereby promoting Th17 cell differentiation and exacerbating EAE pathology. PGD2 is selectively elevated in patients with MS compared with healthy individuals. Within the MS cohort, PGD2 correlates with Th17 cell fr…

Allogeneic MHC-mismatched microglia-like cell replacement as a therapeutic approach for multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Dysfunctional microglia contribute to the pathology of numerous neurological diseases. Depletion of harmful microglia and repopu … origin of MLCs may increase immune tolerance, with additional therapeutic outcomes, particularly in multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS: MLCs were generated from MHC-mismatched mouse strains in vitro and exposed to IL-10/IL-4/TGF-β or LPS/IFN-γ to induce specific immunophenotypes. Phagocytosis and T cell proliferation assays assessed MLC responses to pathogenic insults …