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Advances in MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging Single Cell and Tissues.

Compared with conventional optical microscopy techniques, mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) or imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) is a powerful, label-free analytical technique, which can sensitively and simultaneously detect, quantify, and map hundreds of biomolecules, such as peptides, proteins, lipid, and other organic compounds in cells and tissues. So far, although several soft ionization techniques, such as desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) have been used for imaging biomolecules, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) is still t

Living with pain-a systematic review on patients' subjective experiences.

BACKGROUND: Understanding the subjective experiences of patients living with chronic, acute, and cancer pain can significantly enhance the selection of treatment approaches, care, and support, ultimately improving their quality of life. This qualitative systematic review aimed to analyze if the patients' subjective experiences of living with pain differ between acute, chronic, and cancer pain states. METHODS: After registration in PROSPERO (CRD42023491745), an electronic search was conducted in the databases Medline (Ovid), Embase (embase.com), Cochrane (Wiley), Web of Science (Clarivate Anal

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… acceptance in advanced cancer patients involved four themes: “pain catastrophizing, rumination, avoidance coping, and constructive action” | High confidence Xu et al. 2019 [ 88 ] | China | Cancer pain | (55.9 (37–75) | 12 | 6:6 | 66.7% were graduates of high school or below, 83.3% were married, and 50% were farmers …

Antibody and aptamer-based therapies for osteoarthritis: Application of antibodies and promise of aptamers.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative inflammatory joint disease with progressive loss of articular cartilage that undermines patients' quality of life. There are no regulatory-approved, disease-modifying OA medications, despite a great deal of studies done to elucidate OA pathogenesis. Until now, OA pharmacological treatment focused mainly on generalized inhibition of inflammation and pain. Currently, monoclonal antibodies and nucleic-acid aptamers emerge as targeted therapies offering potential alternatives by addressing the complex challenges posed by OA, such as specifically reducin

Male Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction: An Underrepresented Endpoint in Toxicology Research.

Lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) is nearly ubiquitous in men of advancing age and exerts substantial physical, mental, social, and financial costs to society. While a large body of research is focused on the molecular, genetic, and epigenetic underpinnings of the disease, little research has been dedicated to the influence of environmental chemicals on disease initiation, progression, or severity. Despite a few recent studies indicating a potential developmental origin of male LUTD linked to chemical exposures in the womb, it remains a grossly understudied endpoint in toxicology research

Biological Role, Mechanism of Action and the Importance of Interleukins in Kidney Diseases.

Each year, the number of patients who are diagnosed with kidney disease too late is increasing, which leads to permanent renal failure. This growing problem affects people of every age, sex and origin, and its full etiopathogenesis is not fully understood, although the involvement of genetic susceptibility, infections, immune disorders or high blood pressure is suggested. Difficulties in making a correct and quick diagnosis are caused by the lack of research on early molecular markers, as well as educational and preventive activities among the public, which leads to the late detection of kidne

Pluripotent Stem Cells for Disease Modeling and Drug Discovery in Niemann-Pick Type C1.

The lysosomal storage disorders Niemann-Pick disease Type C1 (NPC1) and Type C2 (NPC2) are rare diseases caused by mutations in the NPC1 or NPC2 gene. Both NPC1 and NPC2 are proteins responsible for the exit of cholesterol from late endosomes and lysosomes (LE/LY). Consequently, mutations in one of the two proteins lead to the accumulation of unesterified cholesterol and glycosphingolipids in LE/LY, displaying a disease hallmark. A total of 95% of cases are due to a deficiency of NPC1 and only 5% are caused by NPC2 deficiency. Clinical manifestations include neurological symptoms and systemic

Proceedings of the 8th Annual Conference on the Science of Dissemination and Implementation : Washington, DC, USA. 14-15 December 2015.

A1 Introduction to the 8th Annual Conference on the Science of Dissemination and Implementation: Optimizing Personal and Population Health D … sta, Patricia Ebener, Patrick S Malone, Mary Slaughter S72 Examining the reach of a multi-component farmers’ market implementation approach among low-income consumers in an urban context Darcy Freedman, Susan Flocke, Eunlye Lee, Kristen Matlack, Erika Trapl, Punam Ohri-Vachaspati, Morgan Taggart, Elaine Borawski S73 Increasing implementation of evidence-b …

Фенотипический отбор высокоурожайной, водопродуктивной пшеницы (Triticum aestivum L.) с предполагаемыми мутантами при хорошо орошаемых и ограниченных условиях орошения.

Для устойчивого выращивания пшеницы в условиях ограниченных водных ресурсов в Египте жизненно важное значение имеет разработка высокоурожайных и водонепроницаемых сортов хлебной пшеницы с высокой производительностью воды. В этом исследовании в условиях как хорошо орошенной, так и ограниченной ирригации оценивались линии мутантов хлебной пшеницы из поколений М3, М4, М5 и их материнских сортов. three вегетационное время года2022-2024). Eight Согласно оценкам, агрономические характеристики и продуктивность водных ресурсов позволяют обнаружить высокоурожайные, устойчиво питающиеся водой пшеницы с

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… The first environment represented well-watered conditions, where irrigation was continued until physiological maturity (farmers practices), resulting in six irrigation events. …

Aminopeptidase N: a multifunctional and promising target in medicinal chemistry.

Aminopeptidase N (APN) is a zinc metalloproteinase present in almost all types of organisms and has various functions. Many of them are unrelated to its catalytic activity, which is why APN is sometimes classified as a moonlighting enzyme. APN is involved in carcinogenesis and angiogenesis. It also works as an entrance receptor for some coronaviruses and acts as a mediator during skin inflammation. Additionally, APN removes and helps to recycle regulatory proteins including neuropeptides, which is why its inhibitors hold therapeutic potential for a wide range of diseases, making the design and

Exploring cellular immunotherapy platforms in multiple myeloma.

Despite major advances in therapeutic platforms, most patients with multiple myeloma (MM) eventually relapse and succumb to the disease. Among the novel therapeutic options developed over the past decade, genetically engineered T cells have a great deal of potential. Cellular immunotherapies, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, are rapidly becoming an effective therapeutic modality for MM. Marrow-infiltrating lymphocytes (MILs) derived from the bone marrow of patients with MM are a novel source of T cells for adoptive T-cell therapy, which robustly and specifically target myelom

Interplay of non-coding RNAs and approved antimetabolites such as gemcitabine and pemetrexed in mesothelioma.

Gemcitabine and pemetrexed are clinically approved antimetabolites for the therapy of mesothelioma diseases. These drugs are often applied in combination with platinum complexes and other drugs. The activity of antimetabolites depended on the expression levels of certain non-coding RNAs, in particular, of small microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). The development of tumor resistance towards antimetabolites was regulated by non-coding RNAs. An overview of the interplay between gemcitabine/pemetrexed antimetabolites and non-coding RNAs in mesothelioma is provided. Further to th

Effects of Physical Cues on Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles toward Neuropathy Applications.

The peripheral nervous system undergoes sufficient stress when affected by diabetic conditions, chemotherapeutic drugs, and personal injury. Consequently, peripheral neuropathy arises as the most common complication, leading to debilitating symptoms that significantly alter the quality and way of life. The resulting chronic pain requires a treatment approach that does not simply mask the accompanying symptoms but provides the necessary external environment and neurotrophic factors that will effectively facilitate nerve regeneration. Under normal conditions, the peripheral nervous system self-r

Balancing the Scales: The Dual Role of Interleukins in Bone Metastatic Microenvironments.

Bone metastases, a common and debilitating consequence of advanced cancers, involve a complex interplay between malignant cells and the bone microenvironment. Central to this interaction are interleukins (ILs), a group of cytokines with critical roles in immune modulation and inflammation. This review explores the dualistic nature of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory interleukins in bone metastases, emphasizing their molecular mechanisms, pathological impacts, and therapeutic potential. Pro-inflammatory interleukins, such as IL-1, IL-6, and IL-8, have been identified as key drivers in pro

DNA Damage Response in Cancer Therapy and Resistance: Challenges and Opportunities.

Resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy is a common event among cancer patients and a reason why new cancer therapies and therapeutic strategies need to be in continuous investigation and development. DNA damage response (DDR) comprises several pathways that eliminate DNA damage to maintain genomic stability and integrity, but different types of cancers are associated with DDR machinery defects. Many improvements have been made in recent years, providing several drugs and therapeutic strategies for cancer patients, including those targeting the DDR pathways. Currently, poly (ADP-ribose) polymera

Healthy Effects of Plant Polyphenols: Molecular Mechanisms.

The increasing extension in life expectancy of human beings in developed countries is accompanied by a progressively greater rate of degenerative diseases associated with lifestyle and aging, most of which are still waiting for effective, not merely symptomatic, therapies. Accordingly, at present, the recommendations aimed at reducing the prevalence of these conditions in the population are limited to a safer lifestyle including physical/mental exercise, a reduced caloric intake, and a proper diet in a convivial environment. The claimed health benefits of the Mediterranean and Asian diets have

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… Over 60 years ago, the first large-population study on the diet–health relation, the “Seven Countries Study”, reported quite a low rate of cardiovascular mortality in Crete farmers, though in the presence of a large intake of lipids, and related that finding to their MD (reviewed in [ 46 ]). …

Hematology

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Genomic innovations in cancer prevention, diagnosis, prognosis and precision therapeutics.

Cancer research has undergone a transformative change with the advent of high-throughput genomic technologies. Advances in next-generation sequencing accelerated the identification of somatic and germline alterations that drive tumorigenesis enabling the transition from traditional histology-based cancer classification to molecularly informed precision oncology. Large-scale sequencing initiatives and clinical genomic profiling facilitated the development of companion diagnostic assays and targeted therapies. Beyond targeted therapies, genomic innovations have also catalyzed the emergence of no

Chest and Mediastinum

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Enhancing the Bioavailability of Resveratrol: Combine It, Derivatize It, or Encapsulate It?

Overcoming the limited bioavailability and extensive metabolism of effective in vitro drugs remains a challenge that limits the translation of promising drugs into clinical trials. Resveratrol, despite its well-reported therapeutic benefits, is not metabolically stable and thus has not been utilized as an effective clinical drug. This is because it needs to be consumed in large amounts to overcome the burdens of bioavailability and conversion into less effective metabolites. Herein, we summarize the more relevant approaches to modify resveratrol, aiming to increase its biological and therapeut

Cardio-oncology in Austria: cardiotoxicity and surveillance of anti-cancer therapies : Position paper of the Heart Failure Working Group of the Austrian Society of Cardiology.

Survival in cancer is continuously improving due to evolving oncological treatment. Therefore, cardiovascular short-term and long-term side effects gain crucial importance for overall outcome. Cardiotoxicity not only presents as heart failure, but also as treatment-resistant hypertension, acute coronary ischemia with plaque rupture or vasospasm, thromboembolism, arrhythmia, pulmonary hypertension, diastolic dysfunction, acute myocarditis and others. Recent recommendations have proposed baseline cardiac risk assessment and surveillance strategies. Major challenges are the availability of monito