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Человеческие клетки Шванна подвержены инфекции вирусами Зика и желтой лихорадки, но не вирусом денге.

Вирус Зика (ZIKV) — вновь появившийся аромат, передающийся москитами Aedes spp, который вызвал вспышки лихорадки и сыпи на островах Тихого океана и Северной и Южной Америки. Эти вспышки были связаны с неврологическими осложнениями, включая врожденные аномалии и синдром Гильен-Барре (СГБ). Патогенез связанных с ZIKV ГБС, потенциально опасное для жизни периферийное заболевание нервной системы, остается неясным. Поскольку клетки Шванна (СК) играют центральную роль в периферической нервной функции и могут быть мишенью для повреждения в ГБС, мы охарактеризовали взаимодействие ZIKV из Африки, Азии и

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a re-emerged flavivirus transmitted by Aedes spp mosquitoes that has caused outbreaks of fever and rash on islands in the Pacific and in the Americas. These outbreaks have been associated with neurologic complications that include congenital abnormalities and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). The pathogenesis of ZIKV-associated GBS, a poten…

A Multi-Perspective Review on Dengue Research.

Dengue fever is a disease which is caused by a family of viruses named Flaviviridae which are transmitted by female Aedes mosquitoes. Today, this is endemic in more than 100 nations in the World Health Organization's African, Americas, Eastern Mediterranean, South-East Asia and Western Pacific locales. The treatment of typical dengue is focused on relieving the symptoms and signs. Carica papaya is a very common plant whose leaf extract is used in the treatment of this disease. Despite extensive research on Dengue, not a single vaccine or anti-viral drug was available until 2016 (a partially ef…

Bionomic aspects of Lutzomyia evansi and Lutzomyia longipalpis, proven vectors of Leishmania infantum in an endemic area of non-ulcerative cutaneous leishmaniasis in Honduras.

BACKGROUND: Some Lutzomyia species are the vectors of human leishmaniasis in the Americas. Visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis are both endemic in the Pacific region of Honduras, but the non-ulcerative form is the more frequent clinical manifestation in this region, where Lutzomyia longipalpis is the most abundant and the only incriminated vector. Taxonomic identification and distribution studies of sand flies are important to understand the epidemiology and to control these neglected tropical diseases. RESULTS: Here, we identified more than 13,000 Lutzomyia specimens captured in Isla del Ti…

Meglumine antimoniate intralesional infiltration for localised cutaneous leishmaniasis: a single arm, open label, phase II clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a world-wide health problem which currently lacks effective, affordable and easy to use therapy. Recently, the meglumine antimoniate (MA) intralesional infiltration was included among the acceptable therapies for New World leishmaniasis. While this approach is attractive, there is currently little evidence to support its use in Americas. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to provide information about effectiveness and safety of a standardised MA intralesional infiltration technique for the treatment of CL. METHODS: It is a single-arm phase II cl…

Building Trust through Lymphatic Filariasis Elimination: A Platform to Address Social Exclusion and Human Rights in the Dominican Republic.

Hispaniola, the Caribbean island that includes the countries of Haiti and the Dominican Republic (DR), accounts for 90% of lymphatic filariasis (LF) in the Americas. Both countries have committed to LF elimination by 2020. In the DR, LF occurs mainly in bateyes, or company towns that historically hosted migrant laborers from Haiti. A legacy of anti-Haitian discrimination as well as the 2013 Sentencia, which stripped generations of Haitian-descended Dominicans of their citizenship, ensure that this population remains legally, economically, and socially marginalized. Despite this context, the co…

Transfer Information Energy: A Quantitative Indicator of Information Transfer between Time Series.

We introduce an information-theoretical approach for analyzing information transfer between time series. Rather than using the Transfer Entr … E in two known time series prediction applications. First, we analyze stock market indexes from the Americas, Asia/Pacific and Europe, with the goal to infer the information transfer between them (i.e., how they influence each other). In the second application, we take a bivariate time series of the breath rate and instantaneous heart rate of a sleeping hu …

A genome-wide association study identifies only two ancestry specific variants associated with spontaneous preterm birth.

Preterm birth (PTB), or the delivery prior to 37 weeks of gestation, is a significant cause of infant morbidity and mortality. Although twin … otide polymorphisms (SNPs) for associations with PTB across five subpopulations: African (AFR), the Americas (AMR), European, South Asian, and East Asian. We identified only two intergenic loci associated with PTB at a genome-wide level of significance: rs17591250 (P = 4.55E-09) on chromosome 1 in the AFR population and rs1979081 (P = 3.72E-08) on chromoso …

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the regional and age-related differences in atopic dermatitis clinical characteristics.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies found conflicting results about the commonality of different atopic dermatitis (AD) signs and symptoms. OBJECT … n AD characteristics by study region. Flexural involvement was less commonly reported in India, the Americas, and Iran. Studies from East Asian reported more erythroderma and truncal, extensor, scalp, and auricular involvement. Studies from Southeast Asia reported more exudative eczema, truncal involvement, lichenification, and prurigo nodularis. Studies f …

Zika virus: Report from the task force on tropical diseases by the world Federation of Societies of intensive and critical care medicine.

Zika fever is an acute infectious disease caused by the Zika virus (ZIKV), an RNA virus belonging to the genus Flavivirus. ZIKV can be transmitted by bites from Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus species, sexual activity, blood transfusion and from mother to fetus during pregnancy and delivery. A total of 50 territories and countries in the Americas had reported ZIKV infections. For those with symptoms, the presentation is similar to dengue fever with body aches, joint pain, fatigue, malaise, fever and conjunctivitis lasting up to seven days. A maculopapular rash may also occur and is usually …

Rabies in the Caribbean: A Situational Analysis and Historic Review.

Rabies virus is the only Lyssavirus species found in the Americas. In discussions about rabies, Latin America and the Caribbean are often grouped together. Our study aimed to independently analyse the rabies situation in the Caribbean and examine changes in rabies spatiotemporal epidemiology. A questionnaire was administered to the 33 member countries and territories of the Caribbean Animal Health Network (CaribVET) to collect current data, which was collated with a literature review. Rabies was endemic in ten Caribbean localities, with the dog, mongoose, and vampire bat identified as enzootic…

What Does the Future Hold for Yellow Fever Virus? (I).

The recent resurgence of yellow fever virus (YFV) activity in the tropical regions of Africa and South America has sparked renewed interest … to China. In turn, questions about the likeliness of occurrence of large urban YFV outbreaks in the Americas or of a successful import of YFV to Asia are currently resurfacing. This two-part review describes the current state of knowledge and gaps regarding the molecular biology and transmission dynamics of YFV, along with an overview of the tools that can …

Persistence of Zika virus in conjunctival fluid of convalescence patients.

A widespread epidemic of Zika fever, caused by Zika virus (ZIKAV) has spread throughout the Pacific islands, the Americas and Southeast Asia. The increased incidences of ocular anomalies observed in ZIKAV-infected infants and adults may be associated with the rapid spread of ZIKAV. The objective of this study was to check if ZIKAV could be detected in human tears after the first week of infection. Twenty-nine patients with PCR confirmed ZIKAV infection during the Singapore August 2016 ZIKAV outbreak were enrolled for the study. Detection and quantification of ZIKAV RNA was performed on conjunc…

Zika virus infection in travelers returning from countries with local transmission, Guangdong, China, 2016.

BACKGROUND: Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne virus spreading rapidly in the Americas, Africa, and Asia. No indigenous ZIKV infection had been seen in China. We monitored ZIKV infection among travelers returning to Enping county from ZIKV transmitting countries from 1 March to 10 April 2016. METHODS: We analyzed data including interviews; conducted laboratory test on blood, urine, saliva, conjunctival swab or semen specimens for evidence of ZIKV infection; evaluated household for presence of Aedes mosquitoes or larvae. RESULTS: A total of 925 individuals were screened, 507 (54.8%) were i…

Attenuated and vectored vaccines protect nonhuman primates against Chikungunya virus.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is rapidly spreading across the globe, and millions are infected. Morbidity due to this virus is a serious threat … lizing antibodies against an isolate of the Asian genotype that now is rapidly spreading across the Americas. These results form the basis for clinical development of an efficacious CHIKV vaccine that generates both humoral and cellular immunity with long-term immunological memory.

Population-based pregnancy and birth defects surveillance in the era of Zika virus.

BACKGROUND: Zika virus is a newly recognized human teratogen; monitoring its impact on the birth prevalence of microcephaly and other advers … those focused on birth defects in fetuses and infants. Before the introduction of Zika virus in the Americas, population-based birth defects surveillance occurred independently of pregnancy surveillance activities. RESULTS: The coordination of pregnancy surveillance and birth defects surveillance implemented through the CDC Zika virus response represents …

Chikungunya in kidney transplant recipients: A series of cases.

Chikungunya (CHIK) is a mosquito-borne virus (CHIKV) infection that recently appeared in the Americas and thousands of confirmed cases have been reported in Brazil since the first autochthonous cases were reported in September 2014. We reported four cases of CHIK in kidney transplant recipients. The diagnosis was confirmed by positive CHIKV real-time polymerase chain reaction in two cases and positive CHIKV-IgM serology in two patients. The time between transplantation and CHIKV infection ranged from 2 to 11 years. All of them had arthralgia, and 3 of them had fever. Other symptoms were mild c…

Zika virus infection confers protection against West Nile virus challenge in mice.

Flaviviruses are RNA viruses that constitute a worrisome threat to global human and animal health. Zika virus (ZIKV), which was initially reported to cause a mild disease, recently spread in the Americas, infecting millions of people. During this recent epidemic, ZIKV infection has been linked to serious neurological diseases and birth defects, specifically Guillain-Barrè syndrome (GBS) and microcephaly. Because information about ZIKV immunity remains scarce, we assessed the humoral response of immunocompetent mice to infection with three viral strains of diverse geographical origin (Africa, A…

Attraction, Feeding Preference, and Performance of Spodoptera frugiperda Larvae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Reared on Two Varieties of Maize.

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is an economically important pest of maize and other crops in the Americas. Studies suggest that modern varieties of maize lost some of their natural defense mechanisms against herbivores during domestication and agricultural selection. In the present study, we evaluated the attraction, feeding preference (host fidelity and consumption rate), and performance of S. frugiperda larvae reared on hybrid (Pioneer P4063W) and landrace (Tuxpeño) varieties of maize. We also evaluated the damage caused by S. frugiperda to P…

Status of vaccine research and development of vaccines for leishmaniasis.

A number of leishmaniasis vaccine candidates are at various stages of pre-clinical and clinical development. Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne neglected tropical disease (NTD) caused by a protozoan parasite of the genus Leishmania and transmitted to humans by the bite of a sand fly. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL, kala-azar) is a high mortality NTD found mostly in South Asia and East Africa, while cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a disfiguring NTD highly endemic in the Middle East, Central Asia, North Africa, and the Americas. Estimates attribute 50,000 annual deaths and 3.3 million disability-adjust…

Timing of influenza epidemics and vaccines in the American tropics, 2002-2008, 2011-2014.

BACKGROUND: Influenza-associated illness results in increased morbidity and mortality in the Americas. These effects can be mitigated with an appropriately chosen and timed influenza vaccination campaign. To provide guidance in choosing the most suitable vaccine formulation and timing of administration, it is necessary to understand the timing of influenza seasonal epidemics. OBJECTIVES: Our main objective was to determine whether influenza occurs in seasonal patterns in the American tropics and when these patterns occurred. METHODS: Publicly available, monthly seasonal influenza data from t…