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Corneal Epithelial Findings in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Treated with Antibody-Drug Conjugate Belantamab Mafodotin in the Pivotal, Randomized, DREAMM-2 Study.

IntroductionPatients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) represent an unmet clinical need. Belantamab mafodotin (belamaf; GSK2857916) is a first-in-class antibody-drug conjugate (ADC; or immunoconjugate) that delivers a cytotoxic payload, monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF), to myeloma cells. In the phase II DREAMM-2 study (NCT03525678), single-agent belamaf (2.5 mg/kg) demonstrated clinically meaningful anti-myeloma activity (overall response rate 32%) in patients with heavily pretreated disease. Microcyst-like epithelial changes (MECs) were common, consistent with reports from oth

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… Broad-beam slit lamp microscopic images with cobalt blue light demonstrating fluorescein staining of the right ( a ) and left ( b ) eyes. … Broad-beam slit lamp microscopic images with cobalt blue light demonstrating fluorescein staining of the right ( a ) and left ( b ) eyes. …

Are Levels of Blood Metal Nanoparticles Elevated After Spinal Fusion and Implantation in Patients With Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis?

BACKGROUND: Implantation of titanium alloys (Ti-6Al-4V) or cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloys (Co-Cr-Mo) for long-segment spinal fixation is the standard surgical treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), but long-term presence of the implants in the body may lead to the release of metal nanoparticles. Unlike orthopaedic internal fixation surgeries, spinal implants generally remain in the human body for a lifetime. The release of metal nanoparticles remains a potential clinical issue, but currently there is a lack of strong data on the topic. This study aimed to fill this crucial kno…

Artificial Neural Network Prediction of Mortality in Cancer Patients Presenting for Radiation Therapy at a Multisite Institution.

IntroductionFor many decades, the management of cancer has utilized radiation therapy, which continues to evolve with technology to improve patient outcomes. However, despite the standardization of treatment plans and the establishment of best clinical practices based on prospective, randomized trials and adherence to National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines, the outcomes from radiation therapy are highly variable and dependent on a number of factors, including patient demographics, tumor characteristics/histology, and treatment parameters. In this study, we attempt to use avail

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… 3c', 'N0', 'N0(i+)', 'N0(i-)', 'N1', 'N1NOS', 'N1a', 'N1b', 'N1c', 'N1mi', 'N2', 'N2NOS', 'N2a', 'N2b', 'N2c', 'N3', 'N3NOS', 'N3a', 'N3b', 'N3c', 'NX', 'Nx', 'X'] Stage_m | ['0', '1', '1IV', '1a', '1b', '1c', 'I', 'M0', 'M1', 'M1NOS', 'M1a', 'M1b', 'M1c', 'MX', 'Mx', 'O', 'X'] Treatment_energy | ['Cobalt …

Current Status and Perspectives of Irradiation-Based Conditioning Regimens for Patients with Acute Leukemia Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia are the most common indications for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Total body irradiation (TBI) is an important part of conditioning regimens. TBI-based regimens offer advantages in sanctuary sites but are associated with significant risks of early and late side effects, including pulmonary toxicity, growth retardation, and second malignancy. TBI is also associated with technical problems, such as dose heterogeneity. With evolving techniques in radiation oncology, it is possible to focus the dose to the entire skeleto

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… A total of 91.1% of the centers used linear accelerators, while 8.9% still used Cobalt-60 machines. Most of the treatment centers used “patient in one field” with 2 fields per fraction and 2 patient positions per fraction technique. …

Bone metastases in thyroid cancer.

Whereas preemptive screening for the presence of lymph node and lung metastases is standard-of-care in thyroid cancer patients, bone metastases are less well studied and are often neglected in thyroid cancer patient surveillance. Bone metastases in thyroid cancer are, however, independently associated with poor/worse prognosis with a median overall survival from detection of only 4 years despite an otherwise excellent prognosis for the vast majority of thyroid cancer patients. In this review we summarize the state of current knowledge as pertinent to bony metastatic disease in thyroid cancer,

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… Fixed-array of Cobalt-60 sources • Gamma units have a superior mechanical precision compared to linear accelerator units • Can use for skull, as well as for brain, metastases. • Gamma Knife require rigid fixation of the head to a reference frame, and this can be uncomfortable • Usually used for brain … Fixed-array of Cobalt-60 sources | • Gamma units have a superior mechanical precision compared to linear accelerator units • Can use for skull, as well as for brain, metastases. | • Gamma Knife require rigid fixation of the head to a reference frame, and this can be uncomfortable • Usually used for brain …

Pamidronate disodium for palliative therapy of feline bone-invasive tumors.

This study sought to quantify in vitro antiproliferative effects of pamidronate in feline cancer cells and assess feasibility of use of pamidronate in cats by assessing short-term toxicity and dosing schedule in cats with bone-invasive cancer. A retrospective pilot study included eight cats with bone invasive cancer treated with intravenous pamidronate. In vitro, pamidronate reduced proliferation in feline cancer cells (P < 0.05). One cat treated with pamidronate in combination with chemotherapy and two cats treated with pamidronate as a single agent after failing prior therapy had subjective

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… Patients undergoing radiation therapy received a dose of 8 Gy weekly for three to four consecutive weeks using Cobalt-60. Cats were sedated for radiation therapy with a combination of dexmedetomidine, glycopyrrolate, and butorphanol intramuscularly. …

Clinical Performance of Implant-Supported Prostheses in the Rehabilitation of Patients Previously Treated for Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws (MRONJ): A Systematic Review.

There is a lack of consensus on managing resultant bone and soft tissue defects or on restoring oral function and aesthetics following medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) lesion healing. This clinical challenge presents a dilemma for practitioners. Removable prostheses pose a recurrence risk if poorly fitted and may inadequately restore function or aesthetics in cases of significant bone defect. Dental implant-supported prostheses could enhance function and quality of life, though their risks and indications are not well-defined. This systematic review examines the clinical ou

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… to load (months) | Prosthesis type* Goker et al., 2023 [ 54 ] | 2 | Zygomatic | Submerged healing | No | 45 and 35 | 3.5/4.2 | Posterior maxilla | 6 | Screw-retained Toronto prosthesis Rahim et al., 2024 [ 55 ] | 1 | screw | Submerged healing | No | 9.5 | 3.5 | Posterior mandible | 8 | Partial lower cobalt …

Essential Concepts for the Management of Metastatic Spine Disease: What the Surgeon Should Know and Practice.

Study designLiterature review.ObjectiveTo provide an overview of the recent advances in spinal oncology, emphasizing the key role of the surgeon in the treatment of patients with spinal metastatic tumors.MethodsLiterature review.ResultsTherapeutic advances led to longer survival times among cancer patients, placing significant emphasis on durable local control, optimization of quality of life, and daily function for patients with spinal metastatic tumors. Recent integration of modern diagnostic tools, precision oncologic treatment, and widespread use of new technologies has transformed the tre

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… Cobalt chrome causes significant beam scatter thus altering the dose delivered to the tumor and organs at risk whereas titanium has been shown to cause minimal radiation beam scatter. 100 , 101 Carbon fiber implants may provide a superior stabilization option for patients with planned postoperative proton …

Long-term follow up of tandem autologous-allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for multiple myeloma.

We previously reported initial results in 102 multiple myeloma (MM) patients treated with sequential high-dose melphalan and autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation followed by 200 cGy total body irradiation with or without fludarabine 90 mg/m2 and allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Here we present long-term clinical outcomes among the 102 initial patients and among 142 additional patients, with a median follow up of 8.3 (range 1.0-18.1) years. Donors included human leukocyte antigen identical siblings (n=179) and HLA-matched unrelated donors (n=65). A total of 209 patients (

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… The conditioning regimen for allogeneic HCT consisted of 200 cGy TBI at 7 cGy/minute from a linear accelerator (n=163) or two opposing Cobalt-60 sources (n=81). Recipients of unrelated grafts (n=65) received in addition three daily doses of fludarabine for a total of 90 mg/m 2 . …

Cobalamin deficiency, hyperhomocysteinemia, and dementia.

IntroductionAlthough consensus guidelines recommend checking serum B12 in patients with dementia, clinicians are often faced with various questions: (1) Which patients should be tested? (2) What test should be ordered? (3) How are inferences made from such testing? (4) In addition to serum B12, should other tests be ordered? (5) Is B12 deficiency compatible with dementia of the Alzheimer's type? (6) What is to be expected from treatment? (7) How is B12 deficiency treated?MethodsOn January 31st, 2009, a Medline search was performed revealing 1,627 citations related to cobalamin deficiency, hype

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… , 1996 Cunha, 1995 | Lehmann, 2003 | van Asselt, 2001 Eastley, 2000 | Levine 2006 | van Dyck, 2008 El Otmani, 2008 | Lin, 2008 | van Uffelen, 2008 Eussen, 2006 | Lindenbaum, 1988 | Wolters, 2005 Fourniere, 1997 | Martin, 1992 | Discussion General information Vitamin B12 is composed of a central cobalt … is elevated in individuals with AD compared to controls. 8 In vitro studies show free cobalt generates oxidative stress, as measured by reduced glutathione, increases Aβ peptide secretion, and produces neuroblastoma cytotoxicity. 8 , 120 Within the central nervous system, a balance may occur between …

Исследование взаимосвязи между элементами сериальной трассы и уровнями MSFC в области множественного склероза: перекрестное тематическое исследование.

Воздействие микроэлементов в течение многих лет изучалось в многократной склерозовой (МС) этиологии. Однако общие результаты еще не получены в ходе предыдущих исследований. Поэтому в качестве межсекторального исследования по вопросам контроля за конкретными случаями мы стремились изучить взаимосвязь между микроэлементами и MS в провинции Конья, где загрязнение воздуха является интенсивным. Участники исследования с МЗ были исследованы в отношении расширенных показателей инвалидности (ЭДСС) и множественных функциональных склерозовых композиционных шкал (МСФК). Кроме того, была проведена оценка в

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… However, publications indicate that cows whose diets contain trace elements (zinc, manganese, copper, and cobalt) positively increase their kinematic walking parameters. …

Effects of Radiotherapy in the treatment of multiple myeloma: a retrospective analysis of a Single Institution.

BACKGROUND: Palliative irradiation of osteolytic lesions is a considerable component in the treatment for patients with multiple myeloma. In this study, we analyzed the efficacy of irradiation in these patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 153 patients with multiple myeloma who were admitted to our department between 1989 and 2013. According to the staging system of Durie & Salmon 116 patients were classified as stage III. 107/153 patients were treated with radiotherapy of at least one and up to 6 bony lesions at different times. In order to evaluate the effect of local

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… Most target volumes were irradiated with 6–25 MV photons; a minority of 29 target volumes was treated with a cobalt-60 device. External beam radiation was delivered via one to three or greater external beams. …

Advances in CAR-T-cell therapy in T-cell malignancies.

Significant advances have been made in chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T)-cell therapy for the treatment of recurrent or refractory B-cell hematologic malignancies. However, CAR-T-cell therapy has not yet achieved comparable success in the management of aggressive T-cell malignancies. This article reviews the challenges of CAR-T-cell therapy in treating T-cell malignancies and summarizes the progress of preclinical and clinical studies in this area. We present an analysis of clinical trials of CAR-T-cell therapies for the treatment of T-cell malignancies grouped by target antigen classificati

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… In the COBALT-LYM study ( NCT04502446 ) [ 37 ], a CAR-T-cell product (CTX130) targeting CD70 was developed to edit TRAC, β2-microglobulin, and CD70 using CRISPR-Cas9 technology to reduce CAR-T-cell self-interaction and improve therapeutic safety and efficacy. … S262: the COBALT-LYM study of CTX130: a phase 1 dose escalation study of CD70-targeted allogeneic CRISPR-CAS9–engineered CAR T cells in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) T-cell malignancies. HemaSphere. 2022;6:163–4. doi: 10.1097/01.HS9.0000843940.96598.e2. 38. …

Pedicled myofascial temporalis flap for closure of large maxillary defects after medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws. A case series.

BACKGROUND: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) located in the maxilla may lead to challenging oro-antral and oro-nasal defects too extensive to be predictably closed with local soft tissue flaps. The use of a pedicled myofascial temporalis flap (PMTF) is, however, well-established for closing large maxillary defects following ablative craniomaxillofacial surgery. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the use of PMTF for maxillary defect closure in patients with stage 3 MRONJ. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted based on data from the C

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… G) Prosthetic treatment six months after placement of dental implants, Atlantis® Cobalt Chrome acrylic bridge, OPG shows bridge in place, minor bone loss around dental implant 13. No sign of reaction in the right maxillary sinus. …

Probiotics and nanoparticle-mediated nutrient delivery in the management of transfusion-supported diseases.

Bone marrow is vital for hematopoiesis, producing blood cells essential for oxygen transport, immune defense, and clotting. However, disorders like leukemia, lymphoma, aplastic anemia, and myelodysplastic syndromes can severely disrupt its function, leading to life-threatening complications. Traditional treatments, including chemotherapy and stem cell transplants, have significantly improved patient outcomes but are often associated with severe side effects and limitations, necessitating the exploration of safer, more targeted therapeutic strategies. Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising a

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… Metal biomaterials, such as cobalt-based alloys, titanium, and stainless steel, are commonly used for implants due to their durability. …

Radiosurgery to the Medial Thalamus for Chronic Pain: A Single Group Experience and Review of Literature.

Introduction Chronic pain presents a significant challenge in achieving effective treatment and can greatly reduce patients' quality of life. Many individuals can undergo multiple therapies with limited success. Stereotactic medial thalamotomy is a treatment option for certain types of chronic pain when other measures have failed. This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of radiosurgical medial thalamotomy based on nearly a decade of experience in managing chronic intractable pain of both malignant and non-malignant origins. Methods This retrospective study included 56 patients who un

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… Longer treatment durations with the same physical dose resulted in a lower BED compared to treatments delivered in shorter time frames, a phenomenon better understood with Gamma Knife technology due to cobalt decay. BED should be considered when comparing outcomes across different technologies. …

Malignant Neoplasms Arising in the Cardiac Pacemaker Cavity: A Systematic Review.

Cancer is the abnormal proliferation of physiologically inadequate cells. Studies have identified the cardiac pacemaker pocket as a site of rare neoplasms. To evaluate the clinical outcomes, treatment, prognosis, and individualized management of tumors originating in the cardiac pacemaker pocket, a systematic review was conducted using case reports and case series available in the PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, Cochrane Central, LILACS, and Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo) databases. Pacemaker pocket tumors affected patients with a mean age of 72.9 years, with a higher incidence

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… The description presented by Hamaker et al. [ 24 ] in their study included the use of cobalt therapy with 2000 rads at the pacemaker site, Hojo et al. [ 43 ] reported the use of 30 Gy at the tumor site in the pacemaker pocket of a patient with AC, and Khamooshian [ 41 ] described the use of 60 Gy of …

Current State of Human Gene Therapy: Approved Products and Vectors.

In the realm of gene therapy, a pivotal moment arrived with Paul Berg's groundbreaking identification of the first recombinant DNA in 1972. This achievement set the stage for future breakthroughs. Conditions once considered undefeatable, like melanoma, pancreatic cancer, and a host of other ailments, are now being addressed at their root cause-the genetic level. Presently, the gene therapy landscape stands adorned with 22 approved in vivo and ex vivo products, including IMLYGIC, LUXTURNA, Zolgensma, Spinraza, Patisiran, and many more. In this comprehensive exploration, we delve into a rich ass

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… Such particles commonly consist of two components: a magnetic material, often iron, nickel or cobalt, and a chemical component that has functionality. | Intrinsically biocompatible. … These nanoparticles consist of a magnetic material, typically iron, nickel, or cobalt, and a functional chemical component. …

Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1: A Novel Therapeutic Target for the Management of Cancer, Drug Resistance, and Cancer-Related Pain.

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a key transcription factor that regulates the transcription of many genes that are responsible for the adaptation and survival of tumor cells in hypoxic environments. Over the past few decades, tremendous efforts have been made to comprehensively understand the role of HIF-1 in tumor progression. Based on the pivotal roles of HIF-1 in tumor biology, many HIF-1 inhibitors interrupting expression, stabilization, DNA binding properties, or transcriptional activity have been identified as potential therapeutic agents for various cancers, yet none of these inhi

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… Moreover, cobalt chloride, a chemical inducer of HIF-1, reduced the tert -butyl hydroperoxide-induced apoptotic death of HepG2 human hepatoma cells, as measured by DNA fragmentation [ 48 ]. These data suggest that HIF-1 may exert an anti-apoptotic role in various types of cancer cells. … Radioprotective effect on HepG2 cells of low concentrations of cobalt chloride: Induction of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha and clearance of reactive oxygen species. J. Radiat. Res. 2013;54:203–209. doi: 10.1093/jrr/rrs086. 116. …

Воздействие иммунотерапии рака на рождаемость: уделение особого внимания гематологическим заболеваниям.

В последние годы лечению раковых заболеваний способствовали новые эффективные методы лечения, включая иммунную терапию. Хотя эта терапия повышает показатели выживаемости рака, она может изменять иммунную реакцию и вызывать долгосрочные побочные эффекты, гонадотоксичные последствия и потенциальное воздействие на фертильность мужчин и женщин вызывают все большую озабоченность. Иммунотерапии, такие, как ингибиторы иммунной системы, иммуномодуляторы, моноклонные антитела и CAR-T, могут привести к повышению уровней проинфламмации цитокинов и связанных с иммунным иммунитетом неблагоприятных явлений,

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… Cobalt-nickel phosphide supported on reduced graphene oxide for sensitive electrochemical detection of bisphenol A. Heliyon. 2024;10:e24070. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24070. 19. Park J.E., Lee S.G., Lee S.J., Yu W.J., Kim J.M. …