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Migratory birds as disseminators of ticks and the tick-borne pathogens Borrelia bacteria and tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus: a seasonal study at Ottenby Bird Observatory in South-eastern Sweden.

BACKGROUND: Birds can act as reservoirs of tick-borne pathogens and can also disperse pathogen-containing ticks to both nearby and remote lo … .l.)-containing ticks. B. garinii and B. miyamotoi were the most prevalent Borrelia species in tick larvae. Larvae of I. ricinus with B. garinii were removed from seven bird species, particularly S. communis and A. trivialis, which may suggest that the larvae had contracted the Borrelia bacteria from or via these birds. Also, a high percentage of tick l …

Revisited: Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato infections in hard ticks (Ixodes ricinus) in the city of Hanover (Germany).

BACKGROUND: The present study investigated the prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) genospecies in Ixodes ricinus ticks coll … /372), subdivided into 29.6% (58/196) positive males and 37.5% (66/176) positive females. Nymph and larvae infection rates were found to be 20.3% (344/1,697) and 25.8% (8/31), respectively. Species identification was successful for 59.2% (282/476) of positive ticks with B. afzelii as the most frequently detected genospecies, followed by B. garinii (incl …

An unusual case of Phormia regina myiasis of the scalp.

The authors report a case of Calliphorine myiasis in the scalp of a 64-year-old woman caused by the larvae of Phormia regina (Black Blowfly). There was extensive blackening of the scalp and necrosis of the soft tissues, which is unusual in Phormia regina myiasis.

Human neurocysticercosis: immunological features involved in the host's susceptibility to become infected and to develop disease.

Human neurocysticercosis (NC) is a clinically and radiologically heterogeneous disease caused by the establishment of Taenia solium larvae in the central nervous system. Herein, the immunological and endocrinological features involved in resistance to infection and severe forms of the disease are reviewed, and their clinical relevance is discussed.

Histopathological aspects of myiasis.

Myiasis, a rare infestation caused by mainly tropical fly larvae, is now more often encountered in Europe, because of the increasing intercontinental trips. A recent case allowed us to study some anatomopathological and entomological aspects of the African fly maggot.

Albendazole therapy for subarachnoid and ventricular cysticercosis. Case report.

Medical or surgical therapy for subarachnoid or ventricular cysticercosis is a controversial issue. The authors report a patient with cysticercus larvae in both ventricular and subarachnoid locations, who was successfully treated with albendazole. Thus, medical therapy has a role in the treatment of these forms of neurocysticercosis.

Experimental alveolar echinococcosis. Suitability of a murine model of intrahepatic infection by Echinococcus multilocularis for immunological studies.

An experimental model of human alveolar echinococcosis was developed, using intrahepatic injection of E. multilocularis larvae in mice differing by their sensitivity to this parasite; it seems to be suitable for studying the relationship between cell-mediated immunity and a) growth of the parasite, b) development of fibrosis.

Furuncular myiasis.

We saw two cases of cutaneous myiasis from the larvae of the botfly, Dermatobia hominis. The first patient acquired the disease in Brazil, the second in Guatemala. The appearance is quite similar to furunculosis, but is not responsive to antibiotic therapy. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice.

The role of Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in transforming waste by biodegradation of polystyrene foam and its environmental implications.

The accumulation of non-biodegradable plastic waste constitutes a persistent environmental threat. Certain insect larvae may consume plastic waste; however, the environmental destiny and soil biodegradation kinetics of their resulting frass are not well characterized. This study examined Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) larvae's ability to consume 2 polystyrene foams, extruded (XPS, plate-type) and expanded (EPS, packaging-type), over a 5-week period, and evaluated how foam type and bran supplementation influenced polymer depolymerization and the decomposition behavior of …

Evaluation of Curcumin in Candida albicans Infection: Cytomorphometric Analysis, Antifungal Activity and Immunomodulatory Effects in Galleria mellonella.

Background/Objectives: The increasing prevalence of antifungal resistance among Candida albicans (C. albicans) strains necessitates the deve … lthy group treated with CUR. Survival was monitored for 96 h. Hemolymph samples were collected from larvae, smeared onto slides, and stained using May-Grünwald-Giemsa and Giemsa methods. Morphological evaluation and cytomorphometric analyses, including cellular area, nuclear area, cytoplasmic area, perimeter, width, height, and nucleus-to-cytoplasm rati …

Duodenal Strongyloidiasis Mimicking Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Case Report of a 52-Year-Old Immunocompetent Woman.

BACKGROUND: Strongyloides stercoralis is an intestinal nematode with a unique autoinfective life cycle that enables decades-long persistence … s, and thrombocytosis. Serial stool examinations for ova and parasites were repeatedly negative for larvae; however, fecal leukocytes and erythrocytes, together with erosive duodenopathy, initially raised concern for IBD. Duodenal biopsy established the diagnosis by demonstrating marked eosinophilic infiltration of the lamina propria, reaching 45-50 eos …

Cysteine protease as a novel serodiagnostic marker for Spirometra mansoni infection in cats.

The zoonotic cestode Spirometra mansoni (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae), characterized by a complex life cycle involving plerocercoid larvae (spargana) in amphibians, reptiles, and mammals, as well as adult intestinal stages in carnivorous mammals, particularly felids and canids, presents significant risks to both veterinary and public health. To address diagnostic challenges in feline infections, potential serodiagnostic antigens were characterized using an integrated immunoproteomic and molecular approach. Four subcutaneous infections in nude mouse demonstrated plerocercoid larval migration fr…

Crude oil, hypoxia, or their combination affects adult brain morphology and offspring growth but not social and exploratory behaviors in zebrafish.

Environmental stressors can impact fish populations by altering individuals' behavior and physiology. Exposure in fish to crude oil or hypox … ation (swimming speed, time to approach novel object) were performed in clean, normoxic water on F1 larvae at 19-20 dpf. The size of the right optic tectum decreased in adult fish dietarily exposed to crude oil. Additionally, larvae from parents exposed to crude oil and hypoxia independently produced offspring that had lower mass and length at 0 DPE, bu …

Alleviating effect of Lactobacillus fermentum E15 on hyperlipidemia and hepatic lipid metabolism in zebrafish fed by a high-fat diet through the production of short-chain fatty acids.

INTRODUCTION: Hyperlipidemia is regarded as one of the crucial factors leading to atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases. Gut mic … ntum E15 effectively reduced lipid accumulation in the blood vessels and liver of HCD-fed zebrafish larvae. Meanwhile, L. fermentum E15 improved abnormal lipid levels, and normalized liver enzyme activity. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis revealed that L. fermentum E15 downregulated the expression of sterol regulatory …

Evaluation of the performance of a point-of-care molecular assay for simultaneous detection of the agents of American foulbrood and European foulbrood in apiaries.

American foulbrood (AFB) and European foulbrood (EFB), caused by Paenibacillus larvae and Melissococcus plutonius, respectively, are severe bacterial diseases that significantly affect honey bee health and productivity worldwide. Rapid and accurate diagnosis is essential for effective disease management in apiaries. We developed and validated a multiplex point-of-care (POC) quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay that enables simultaneous and rapid detection of P. larvae and M. plutonius directly in apiaries. Our POC qPCR assay, using the XQ station (Postbio), had diagnostic sensitivity and sp…

Insect Gut Microbiota Diversity Reveals Differences in Pathogenicity Between Metarhizium rileyi and Beauveria bassiana.

Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium rileyi are entomopathogenic fungi that are widely present in nature. Due to their excellent insecticidal activity, they have been widely developed as microbial preparations and utilized in the biological control of pests. To clarify differences in pathogenicity between B. bassiana and M. rileyi against Spodoptera frugiperda, third-instar larvae were subjected to immersion treatments, whereas fifth-instar larvae were inoculated via injection with various doses of fungal strains B. bassiana AJS91881 and M. rileyi SXBN200920. Our results demonstrated differentia…

Re-Evaluation of a Hyperendemic Focus of Metastrongyloid Lungworm Infections in Gastropod Intermediate Hosts in Southern Germany.

The metastrongyloid nematodes Angiostrongylus vasorum, Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, and Crenosoma vulpis can cause severe cardiopulmonary and respiratory symptoms in domestic dogs and cats and free-ranging canids and felids (e.g., foxes, wolves, wild cats, lynxes). Recent data on the prevalence of A. vasorum infections in dogs and foxes and on the prevalence of Ae. abstrusus and Troglostrongylus brevior infections in free-ranging lynxes and wild cats revealed several endemic and hyperendemic foci in Germany. Nonetheless, long-term investigations on the prevalence of metastrongyloid larvae infec…

Exploring the role of mesocarnivores and predatory birds in the circulation of Trichinella (Nematoda) in South Africa.

The genus Trichinella encompasses several species of parasitic nematodes that are of significant zoonotic and One Health relevance. Despite … ammalian and six bird families, were examined using the artificial digestion method for Trichinella larvae to assess the role of synanthropic and sylvatic mesocarnivores and predatory birds in Trichinella epidemiology. The obtained isolates were further analyzed through PCR and sequencing analyses. Larvae were detected in five individuals (4 %)of the 12 …

Стабилизация и характеристика листьев листьев филлантусной кислоты синтезировали металлические наночастицы и их сравнительную эффективность как личинки против трех переносчиков комаров.

Постоянные глобальные вспышки заболеваний, передаваемых через комары, и отсутствие вакцин, а также профилактические терапевтические подходы к борьбе с заболеваниями в сочетании с резистентностью к инсектицидам в конечном счете подчеркивают необходимость разработки стратегий борьбы с комарами, ориентированных на биологические системы. В настоящем исследовании для синтеза металлических наночастиц (МНП), таких, как серебро, окись меди, окись железа и окись цинка, использовался водный экстракт листьев на заводе < < Филлантхус кислотус Л. > > , и была проведена проверка их эффективности

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The recurring global outbreaks of mosquito-borne diseases and the lack of vaccines, and preventive therapeutic approaches to combat diseases … cterization has been carried out and their efficacies were also tested against the early 3rd instar larvae of the major mosquito vectors. According to analytical characterization, the silver (Ag), copper (CuO), iron (FeO), and zinc (ZnO) NPs had face-centered cubic crystallites with average sizes of 50, 52.33, 40.56, and 79.45nm, respectively. The agglo …

Morbidity in California giant salamander (Dicamptodon ensatus Eschscholtz, 1833) caused by Euryhelmis sp. Poche, 1926 (Trematoda: Heterophyiidae).

In the fall of 2021, California Department of Fish and Wildlife reported larval and adult California giant salamanders (Dicamptodon ensatus Eschscholtz, 1833) with skin lesions at multiple creeks in Santa Clara and Santa Cruz Counties, California, USA. Field signs in both stages included rough, lumpy textured skin, and larvae with tails that were disproportionately long, flat, wavy, and flaccid. Presence of large-bodied larvae suggested delayed metamorphosis, with some larvae having cloudy eyes and suspected blindness. To determine the cause of the disease, three first-of-the-year salamanders …