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Aberrant expression of TSC2 gene in the newly diagnosed acute leukemia.

The tuberous sclerosis (TSC) genes, TSC1 and TSC2, encode hamartin and tuberin, respectively, and are putative tumor suppressor genes that were originally identified due to their involvement in the inherited autosomal dominant disorder tuberous sclerosis. It has been elucidated that the two proteins form an intracellular heterodimer participating in signaling pathway of the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR). Recent studies showed that mTOR pathway was frequently activated in blasts from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patient and associated with proliferation, survival, and drug-resistance of …

Myeloid sarcoma in essential thrombocythemia that transformed into acute myeloid leukemia.

A 72-year-old man was diagnosed with essential thrombocythemia (ET) and was treated with hydroxyurea for approximately 5 years. He was well … sed the condition as myeloid sarcoma. Subsequently, the patient's ET transformed into acute myeloid leukemia. To our knowledge, this is an exceedingly rare event involving a patient with essential thrombocythemia.

[Composite lymphoma: association of a follicular lymphoma and a chronic lymphocytic leukemia].

We report the case of a 71-year-old woman presenting with composite lymphoma (CL) composed of a follicular lymphoma and a B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. CL is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder, characterized by two distinct morphological and immunophenotypical patterns in the same anatomical site, most frequently of biclonal origin. This entity must be distinguished from transformation of low-grade lymphoma into high-grade lymphoma and from lymphoma with differentiation such as follicular lymphoma with marginal differentiation. In this context, molecular analysis including immunoglobul…

The Aiolos transcription factor is up-regulated in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

The Aiolos transcription factor, member of the Ikaros family of zinc finger proteins, plays an important role in the control of mature B lymphocyte differentiation and proliferation, and its function appears to be modulated through alternative splicing. To assess Aiolos isoform role in humans' pathologies, we studied Aiolos variant distribution and expression in mature B lymphoproliferative disorders (chronic lymphocytic leukemia [CLL] and other B-cell lymphomas). We demonstrated that more than 80% of expressed Aiolos in normal as well as in malignant B cells is of the hAio1 type, and we showe…

Isolated relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the breast of a young female.

A 20-year-old female developed a relapse of B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) as a mass in her left breast after 6 years of maintained continuous complete remission. No leukemic lesions were identified in other sites such as the bone marrow or cerebrospinal fluid. The relapsed leukemic cells in the breast revealed the same immunophenotypes (CD10(+), CD19(+), CD20(+), HLA-DR(+), CD34(+)) as those of the onset ALL cells in the bone marrow. A literature survey found 10 other cases of ALL relapse in the breast without bone marrow involvement, mostly consisting of adolescent girls. Inc…

[The clinical and laboratory features of 263 cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical and laboratory features of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). METHODS: Retrospective investigation of 263 patients with CLL in our hospital between Feb. 2000 and Jan. 2007. RESULTS: The median age was 60 years with male/female ratio of 2.17 : 1. Patients who were asymptomatic at diagnosis (35.4%) had low Rai grades. Fatigue and lymphadenopathy (54.8%) were the most common features at presentation. Infections, connective tissue diseases and secondary tumors frequently occurred in CLL. WBC counts were between (10 - 100) x 10(9)/L, with lymphocytes percentage…

IgA nephropathy associated with leukemia and lymphoma: report of two cases.

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) associated with leukemia and lymphoma has not, to our knowledge, been reported in children. Two children suffering from these diseases are described here. One patient developed IgAN at the end of 5 years' chemotherapy for acute lymphocytic leukemia. The other had microscopic hematuria 3 years before the onset of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and hematuria continued during chemotherapy. Each disease occurred after a long interval, and the clinical courses did not run parallel. The association was thought to be incidental in our cases. Chemotherapy with adrenocorticosteroids and i…

Genomic analysis of the clonal origins of relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Most children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) can be cured, but the prognosis is dismal for the minority of patients who relapse after treatment. To explore the genetic basis of relapse, we performed genome-wide DNA copy number analyses on matched diagnosis and relapse samples from 61 pediatric patients with ALL. The diagnosis and relapse samples typically showed different patterns of genomic copy number abnormalities (CNAs), with the CNAs acquired at relapse preferentially affecting genes implicated in cell cycle regulation and B cell development. Most relapse samples lacked some of t…

Treatment and prognostic impact of transient leukemia in neonates with Down syndrome.

Approximately 10% of the neonates with Down syndrome (DS) exhibit a unique transient leukemia (TL). Though TL resolves spontaneously in most patients, early death and development of myeloid leukemia (ML-DS) may occur. Prognostic factors as well as treatment indication are currently uncertain. To resolve that issue, we prospectively collected clinical, biologic, and treatment data of 146 patients with TL. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) were 85% plus or minus 3% and 63% plus or minus 4%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed a correlation between high white…

Does prolonged breastfeeding reduce the risk for childhood leukemia and lymphomas?

AIM: Prolonged breastfeeding was shown to reduce the risk of childhood acute leukemia. The aim of the study was to investigate the protective effect of longer breastfeeding on the risk of lymphoid malignancies in children and its dependent socio-economic factors. METHODS: The study group comprised of 169 patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), Hodgkin's (HL) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), age =or<15 years, and 169 healthy controls, matched to patients by age and sex. Mothers of all study subjects provided information via telephone about the history of breastfeeding and parameters s…

Decreasing psychological distress during the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric leukemia.

A literature review was performed to explore the experiences of parents during their child's diagnosis of leukemia. The findings revealed that anxiety is a major reaction to the diagnosis. Because of the parents' reactions, communication barriers and parental role changes are established between the parent and child. The lack of communication between the parent and child during diagnosis and treatment and parental role changes produce negative outcomes. Negative outcomes place the parent and child at risk for experiencing anxiety years after the illness is treated. This literature review descr…

Gastrointestinal manifestations as initial presentation of acute leukemias in children and adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: this study aimed to determine the prevalence and characteristics of gastrointestinal manifestations on initial clinical presentation of acute leukemias (AL) in childhood. MATERIAL AND METHODS: this is a retrospective and descriptive study that assessed medical records of 354 patients with AL from January 1995 to December 2004. RESULTS: acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) was diagnosed in 273 (77.1%) patients and acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (AML) in 81 (22.9%). There were 210 males (59.4%) and 144 females (40.6%). The most common presenting features were: abdominal pain (19.5% in ALL …

A role for leukemia inhibitory factor in melanoma-induced bone metastasis.

Melanoma is commonly associated with multi-organ metastasis, and bone is a frequent metastatic site for melanoma. However, the mechanism responsible for such melanoma-induced bone metastasis is still poorly understood. In the present study, the intracardiac inoculation of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF)-producing human melanoma-derived cells (SEKI) developed osteolytic bone destruction in male BALB/cA-nu/nu nude mice. To elucidate the role of LIF in melanoma-induced osteolysis, cells were prepared in which the expression of LIF was reduced using a siRNA technique from the parent SEKI cells. O…

Нетипичные презентации герпесвирусных инфекций у пациентов с хронической лимфоцитической лейкемией.

Характерным представлением герпесвирусных инфекций является сосудистая сыпь. Первоначальные повреждения, как представляется, являются эритематическими папулями, которые превращаются в сгруппированные везикла и пуштулы, образующие корки. В большинстве случаев характерные особенности являются настолько характерными, что диагностика может быть произведена с помощью анализа истории и физического состояния без проведения дополнительного диагностического анализа. Однако пациенты, страдающие иммунодепрессией (включая пациентов с гематологическими недугами), часто имеют типичные представления о герпес

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The characteristic presentation of herpesvirus infections is a vesicular rash. The initial lesions appear as erythematous papules that turn … ic testing for proper management. In this report, we describe two patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia who developed atypical presentations of herpes zoster and herpes simplex infections. Herpetic infections should always be in the differential diagnosis of cutaneous ulcerations with necrosis in patients who are immunocompromised. Because of the atyp …

[The prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in children who were diagnosed with leukemia and lymphoma].

Cryptosporidium spp. is known to cause heavy diarrhea especially in immunosuppressed patients. In this study, eighty nine leukemia and lymphoma patients between the ages of 1 to 14 were studied for the prevalence of Cryptosporidiosis using both ELISA (Cryptosporidium Rida Screen, R-Biopharm, Germany) and the Kinyoun acid-fast staining method. These patients were sent to us by the Hematology-Oncology department where they were diagnosed with leukemia and lymphoma. Cryptosporidium spp. were detected in 11 patients (12.35%) with ELISA and in 7 patients (7.86%) with the Kinyoun acid fast stain. No…

Adolescent adherence to oral therapy for leukemia: a focus group study.

This secondary qualitative analysis of extant focus group data was performed to develop an understanding of suboptimal adherence to 6-mercaptopurine therapy in adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Six participants, aged 16 to 23 years at the time of data collection, were interviewed about their adherence to oral maintenance chemotherapy during their treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The primary aim of the study was to understand the role of adolescent development in adolescents' perception of adherence to therapy. The secondary aim was to understand how factors other than d…

Evolving role of monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Recognition of cancer-specific antigens resulted in development of monoclonal antibodies as treatments for various neoplasms including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Two monoclonal antibodies, alemtuzumab and rituximab, have been extensively studied, as monotherapy or in combination, in patients with various clinical stages of CLL. Alemtuzumab, particularly when combined with fludarabine-based chemotherapy, sequentially or concomitantly, represents a promising therapeutic approach that results in improved efficacy by further reducing levels of residual disease in previously untreated or r…

Mechanisms of transcriptional regulation by MLL and its disruption in acute leukemia.

Fusion of the mixed lineage leukemia protein (MLL) to one of over 50 different translocation partners converts it into a potent leukemogenic oncoprotein. The resulting fusion proteins transform primarily through upregulation of A-cluster Hox genes, including Hoxa9 and the Hox cofactor Meis1. Considerable progress has been made in delineating the differences between normal Hox gene regulation by MLL and deregulated transcription in MLL-induced leukemias. Some MLL translocation partners dimerize the truncated MLL molecule. Other translocation partners appear to recruit nuclear coactivator comple…