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Mechanically resilient injectable scaffolds for intramuscular stem cell delivery and cytokine release.

A promising strategy for treating peripheral ischemia involves the delivery of stem cells to promote angiogenesis through paracrine signaling. Treatment success depends on cell localization, retention, and survival within the mechanically dynamic intramuscular (IM) environment. Herein we describe an injectable, in situ-gelling hydrogel for the IM delivery of adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs), specifically designed to withstand the dynamic loading conditions of the lower limb and facilitate cytokine release from encapsulated cells. Copolymers of poly(trimethylene carbonate)-b-poly(ethyl

Cerebrospinal fluid leaks following spinal or posterior fossa surgery: use of fat grafts for prevention and repair.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks are relatively common following spinal or posterior fossa surgery. A midline dural tear in the spine is readily repaired by direct application of a suture. However, far-lateral or ventral dural tears are problematic. Fat is an ideal sealant because it is impermeable to water. In this paper the author reports his experience with using fat grafts for the prevention or repair of CSF leaks and proposes a technique in which a large sheet of fat, harvested from the patient's subcutaneous layer, is used to cover not only the dural tear(s) but all of the exposed dura an

Beyond BMI: an interpretable integrated body composition index from low-dose chest CT for all-cause mortality risk stratification: a multicentre study.

BACKGROUND: Body composition is recognized as a major determinant of health outcomes, but its multidimensional nature makes clinical adoptio … t of 15037 patients' CTACs by integrating the CT-derived metrics of bone, skeletal muscle, and four adipose tissue compartments, coronary artery calcium score, and basic demographic variables (age, sex, BMI). The performance of BCI for mortality prediction was validated in an internal cohort of 6444 patients and an external cohort of 7028 patients by prognosis, …

Aging-Driven Inter-Organ Crosstalk in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: From Immunometabolic Drift to Multisystem Frailty.

Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is increasingly recognized as an aging-associated, multisystem vulnerability state in which estrogen withdrawal amplifies immune and metabolic drift across bone marrow, muscle, adipose tissue, the gut, vasculature, and neural circuits. We synthesize evidence that key control nodes including RANKL-RANK-OPG imbalance, Th17/Treg disequilibrium, loss of regulatory B cell IL-10 restraint, inflammatory myeloid polarization, and expansion of bone marrow adipose tissue encode persistent osteoclastogenic tone and impaired formation. We map how microbiota-derived metab…

Chronic fructose consumption drives MASH-associated hepato-cardio-renal remodeling through systemic metabolic dysregulation.

Chronic fructose consumption is strongly associated with metabolic dysfunction and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), … and non-HDL cholesterol lipoproteins were abundant. Lipid composition in pericardial and perirenal adipose tissue showed a distinct triglyceride signature in the fructose group, which may relate to subclinical cardiorenal alterations that are unresponsive to conventional markers of damage. Chronic fructose consumption was associated with hepatic, cardiac, and r …

Ameliorative effects of Bambusa balcooa leaf extract on high fat diet induced obesity, metabolic dysregulation, and adipocyte oxidative stress in C57BL/6 mice.

The ameliorative potential of Bambusa balcooa leaf extract against high-fat diet (HFD) metabolic dysregulation and oxidative stress was evaluated in C57BL/6 mouse adipocytes. Oral administration of Bambusa balcooa leaf extract (BLE; 200 mg/kg b.w.) for 70 days significantly reduced body and organ weights in HFD-induced obese mice while improving blood glucose levels and lipid profiles. In the adipose tissue of the HFD + BL group, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels were significantly decreased, accompanied by enhanced endogenous antioxidant defenses and reduced oxid…

A Comparative Study of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Various Sources in Endometrial Repair: the Significant Advantages of Decidual Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

BACKGROUND: Endometrial injury, particularly intrauterine adhesions (Asherman's syndrome), significantly compromises female fertility. Current treatments, including hysteroscopic surgery, intrauterine barriers, and oral estrogen, have limited efficacy, with postoperative pregnancy rates of 22.2-33.3%. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offer a promising alternative due to their multilineage differentiation and tissue repair capabilities. This study compared the efficacy of MSCs derived from bone marrow, umbilical cord, adipose tissue, and decidua in repairing damaged endometrium. METHODS: Prolifer…

Effects of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors on body composition and liver fat markers in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a narrative review.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common metabolic disorder with no definite universal pharmacotherapy. Recent studies have demonstrated that sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have the potential to improve body fat composition and hepatic steatosis. This narrative review explores the beneficial effects of SGLT2i on visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and liver fat in NAFLD patients. This review identified studies evaluating the effect of SGLT2is on imaging biomarkers (MRI-proton density fat fraction [PDFF%], FibroScan-CAP, liver-to-s…

Β 2 AR Agonists Sustain Thermogenesis and Leanness via Sympathofacilitation.

UNLABELLED: Human thermogenesis depends on β2-adrenoceptors (β2AR) expressed in thermogenic adipocytes, which are activated by norepinephrin … y role. Selective deletion of β2AR in sympathetic neurons leads to impaired nerve activity in brown adipose tissue, sympathetic neuropathy, worsened fasting-induced hypothermia, and progressive obesity in chow-fed mice-without changes in food intake. These findings uncover a presynaptic role for β2AR in sustaining thermogenesis and regulating adiposity, suggesti …

Progress in Investigating the Impact of Obesity on Male Reproductive Function.

Obesity represents a significant global public health challenge, which not only elevates the risk of mortality but also increases the likelihood of chronic diseases. The ongoing obesity epidemic has led to a growing recognition of the detrimental effects of excessive adipose tissue accumulation on male reproductive health. Substantial evidence indicates that obesity adversely affects sperm quality, thereby impairing male fertility. Specifically, obesity is associated with compromised spermatogenesis, erectile dysfunction, and detrimental effects on offspring fertility parameters. These effects…

Tumor-secreted clusterin promotes cachectic fat wasting via disrupting circadian gene expression and adipogenesis.

Fat mass loss is a severe complication in cancer-associated cachexia, but its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study identifies the tumor-secreted chaperone clusterin (CLU) as a driver of white adipose tissue (WAT) depletion in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). CLU secretion is increased in the serum of cachectic TNBC patients. Mechanistically, extracellular clusterin scavenges 14-3-3 in WAT, inhibiting nucleocytoplasmic translocation of the molecular clock activator BMAL1, and perturbing the transcriptional repression of circadian rhythm genes, including PER3. In tumors, desmoso…

Linear ubiquitination prevents lipodystrophy and obesity-associated metabolic syndrome.

Adipocyte hypertrophy during obesity triggers chronic inflammation, leading to metabolic disorders. However, the role of adipocyte-specific … l death is sufficient to prevent lipodystrophy and MASLD in HoipA-KO obese mice. HOIP expression in adipose tissue positively correlates with metabolic fitness in obese individuals. Overall, our findings reveal a fundamental developmental role for Lin-Ub in adipocytes by mitigating cell death-driven adipose tissue inflammation and protecting against obesity-rela …

Лептин и Лептин Сигналинг в множестве склерозов: обзор скрипта.

Ожирение - проблема, связанная с пандемией здоровья, - в настоящее время рассматривается как хроническое провокационное состояние, связанное со многими аутоиммунными заболеваниями, такими, как множественный склероз. Таким образом, адипокины, подстрекательские посредники, скрытые жировой тканью, играют важную роль в стимулировании иммунной реакции. В этом контексте ожирение, особенно в подростковом возрасте, как представляется, является одним из ключевых факторов развития множественного склероза. Лептин, главный провоспалительный адипокин, скрытый жировой тканью, был обнаружен у пациентов с мно

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Obesity, a pandemic health problem, is now considered as a chronic inflammatory state, related to many autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis. Thus, adipokines, inflammatory mediators secreted by adipose tissue, play an important role modulating the immune response. In this context, obesity, especially during adolescent age, seems to be a key factor…

Transcriptional and hormonal control of adipose Treg heterogeneity and function.

Adipose tissue stores excess energy and produces a broad range of factors that regulate multiple physiological processes including systemic energy homeostasis. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) plays a particularly important role in glucose metabolism as its endocrine function underpins food uptake and energy expenditure. Caloric excess triggers VAT inflammation which can impair insulin sensitivity and cause metabolic deregulation. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) that reside in the VAT suppress inflammation and protect from metabolic disease. The cellular components of VAT and its secretory products pl…

[Clinical research progress of spinal epidural lipomatosis].

OBJECTIVE: To review the clinical research progress of spinal epidural lipomatosis (SEL). METHODS: The clinical studies on SEL at home and abroad in recent years were extensively reviewed, and the pathogenesis, clinical and imaging manifestations, and treatment status of SEL were summarized and analyzed. RESULTS: SEL is a disease characterized by compression of the spinal cord and nerve roots due to abnormal accumulation of epidural adipose tissue in the spinal canal. Its prevalence and diagnosis rate are low and the pathogenesis is not fully understood. MRI is the most sensitive and specifi…

The Bile Acid Membrane Receptor TGR5 in Cancer: Friend or Foe?

The G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor, Gpbar1 or TGR5, is characterized as a membrane receptor specifically activated by bile acids. A se … d in the brain, lung, heart, liver, spleen, pancreas, kidney, stomach, jejunum, ileum, colon, brown adipose tissue (BAT), white adipose tissue (WAT), and skeletal muscle. Several recent studies have demonstrated that TGR5 exerts inconsistent effects in different cancer cells upon activating via TGR5 agonists, such as INT-777, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), and tau …

Myeloid cell TBK1 restricts inflammatory responses.

Proinflammatory cytokine production by innate immune cells plays a crucial role in inflammatory diseases, but the molecular mechanisms controlling the inflammatory responses are poorly understood. Here, we show that TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) serves as a vital regulator of proinflammatory macrophage function and protects against tissue inflammation. Myeloid cell-conditional Tbk1 knockout (MKO) mice spontaneously developed adipose hypertrophy and metabolic disorders at old ages, associated with increased adipose tissue M1 macrophage infiltration and proinflammatory cytokine expression. When f…

Regulatory network and interplay of hepatokines, stellakines, myokines and adipokines in nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

Fatty liver disease is a spectrum of liver pathologies ranging from simple hepatic steatosis to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), n … ght the interaction between hepatokines, and cytokines or peptides secreted from muscle (myokines), adipose tissue (adipokines), and hepatic stellate cells (stellakines) in response to certain nutritional and physical activity. Cytokines exert autocrine, paracrine, or endocrine effects on the pathogenesis of NAFLD and NASH. Characterizing signaling pathways and …

Transcription Coactivator BCL3 Acts as a Potential Regulator of Lipid Metabolism Through the Effects on Inflammation.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Transcriptional coactivator B-cell lymphoma-3 (BCL3) is a member of the IκB family of NF-κB inhibitors and regulates … at diet without a change in food intake. There was significant improvement in hepatic steatosis and adipose tissue hypertrophy in KO mice. The expression of SREBP1 and its downstream fatty acid synthetase FAS and ACC were down-regulated in KO mice, and the inflammation in adipose tissue and liver was further reduced. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that BCL3 …

GPAT3 deficiency alleviates insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis in a mouse model of severe congenital generalized lipodystrophy.

Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy type 2 (BSCL2) is the most severe form of human lipodystrophy and is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the BSCL2/seipin gene. Exactly how seipin may regulate adipogenesis remains unclear. A recent study in vitro suggested that seipin may function to inhibit the activity of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases (GPATs), and increased GPAT activity may be responsible for the defective adipogenesis under seipin deficiency. Here we generated Seipin-/-Gpat3-/- mice, which had mild but significant recovery of white adipose tissue mass over Seipin-/- m…