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Cognitive and neuropsychiatric profiles distinguish atypical parkinsonian syndromes.

Atypical parkinsonian syndromes are distinguished from Parkinson's disease (PD) by additional neurological signs and characteristic underlyi … cognitive function and motor severity declined with disease duration, and motor function predicted cognition in PSP, CBS and PD but not in MSA, suggesting that in MSA cognitive and motor dysfunction are decoupled; (iv) plasma neurofilament light chain (NFL) levels, measured in a subset of patients, correlated with cognitive deficits in PSP, but not motor d …

The Cerebellar Cognitive Affective Syndrome in Essential Tremor Plus.

The latest tremor classification suggested to stratify patients with Essential Tremor (ET) into pure (pET) and plus (ET-plus) forms. Cognitive dysfunction in ET might reflect the Cerebellar Cognitive Affective Syndrome (CCAS), but there is no evidence in ET-plus. We aimed to evaluate the CCAS in ET-plus, further attempting to explore possible motor-cognitive associations.Thirty-nine patients with ET-plus and 19 matched healthy controls (HC) performed the CCAS-scale (CCAS-S). Patients were also assessed using the Tremor Research Group Essential Tremor Rating Scale and the Scale for the Assessme

Trends in Choroidal Vascularity Index in Cognitively Normal Individuals.

PURPOSE: To establish a normative database of choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in cognitively normal adults. METHODS: Cognitively healthy volunteers who had a Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score of 23 or higher were included. Exclusion criteria included diabetes mellitus, uncontrolled hypertension, glaucoma, optic neuropathy, vitreoretinal disorders, intraocular surgery other than cataract or refractive, and visual acuity worse than 20/40. Enhanced depth optical coherence tomography images were taken. CVI was calculated from total choroidal area (TCA) and luminal area (LA). RESULTS:

COVID-19 and Cognitive Change in a Community-Based Cohort.

IMPORTANCE: SARS-CoV-2 infection has been linked to neurotoxic effects and cognitive deficits. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether decreases in … CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This cohort study of older participants found accelerated decreases in cognition among individuals hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2 infection, but not nonhospitalized infection, in comparison with individuals not yet infected.

Depressive Symptoms Profiles and Cognitive Outcomes After Stroke.

INTRODUCTION: Post-stroke depressive symptoms are heterogeneous and variably associated with other psycho-cognitive features. We employed cluster analysis to identify distinct profiles of post-stroke depressive symptomatology and their association with cognitive performance. METHODS: We included consecutive patients undergoing neuropsychiatric evaluation 6 months after stroke. Cluster analysis incorporated the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, along with the apathy and anxiety items from the Neuropsychiatric Inventory questionnaire. Baseline clinical/neuroimaging variables an

Cognitive Rehabilitation as a Possible Therapeutic Approach in Patients with Blepharospasm.

Background/Objectives: Blepharospasm (BSP) is a focal dystonia characterized by involuntary, bilateral spasms of the orbicularis oculi muscle. While botulinum toxin (BoNT) is the standard treatment, cognitive tasks such as reading and writing may exert transient modulatory effects on spontaneous blinking and dystonic spasms. This study investigates the potential of cognitive training, including reading and writing tasks, as a complementary therapeutic approach to BoNT in BSP patients. Methods: A total of 16 BSP patients were randomly assigned to two groups: Group A (n = 6) received cognitive t

Frequency and characteristics of cognitive impairment in individuals with calcified neurocysticercosis.

OBJECTIVE: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the most common helminthic infection of the central nervous system (CNS). When NCC calcifies, it causes symptoms including memory impairment. Here we will assess the frequency and characteristics of cognitive impairment using screening tools in patients with calcified NCC. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study in participants of an ongoing cohort of patients with calcified NCC, who were administered the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Memory Alteration Test (MAT) simultaneously. We analyzed these test scores in relation to sociodemograph

Обновленная информация о новых подходах к когнитивной оценке при множественном склерозе.

Доступная и надежная когнитивная оценка является неотъемлемой частью ухода за пациентами с множественным склерозом (PwMS). Традиционные нейропсихологические тесты хорошо подтверждаются у многочисленных склерозов (МС), но не без ограничений, таких как затраты времени и финансовых средств, связанные с традиционным управлением. Недавние усилия были направлены на совершенствование оценки с уделением особого внимания психометрическим свойствам, доступности, эффективности и другим практическим соображениям. Один из подходов заключается в упорядочении нейропсихологических батарей с целью краткой оцен

Cognitive functioning in multiple sclerosis with focus on brainstem volume.

BACKGROUND: The brainstem is a vital component of the cerebro-cerebellar network underlying cognition, however it remains unclear whether brainstem volumes are associated with cognitive functioning in MS. OBJECTIVE: Investigate the relationship between brainstem volumes and cognitive impairment in MS, as assessed by the BICAMS battery (processing speed, verbal and visuospatial memory). METHODS: We analyzed data from the VOLUMS (Volumetry in MS) study, including 143 MS patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (1.5/3.0 T, 3DT1-weighted images) was used for brain volumetrics and brainstem lesion co…

Продольные траектории цифровых когнитивных биомаркеров для множественных склерозов.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: Когнитивное повреждение - это one - наиболее распространенные и изнурительные симптомы повторного излучаемого множественным склерозом (RRMS). Цифровые когнитивные биомаркеры требуют меньше времени и ресурсов и быстро набирают популярность в клинических условиях. Мы изучили продольную траекторию испытания на скорость обработки на основе iPad (PST) и прогнозы значений PST. Мы, вероятно, зачислили пациентов из RRMS между 2017 и 2021 по всему району six Австралийские центры НР. Продольные данные анализировались с помощью моделей смешанного воздействия и скрытых моделей смеша

История захвата и когнитивная дисфункция у людей с множественным склерозом.

ИСЧЕЗНОВЕНИЕ ВОПРОСА: Изъятия связаны с снижением сознания населения в целом и более неблагоприятными последствиями для людей с множественным склерозом. Тем не менее остается неясным, связаны ли изъятия с когнитивными дисфункциями в ПТМС. ЦЕЛИ: Оценить связь между историей изъятия и более низким коэффициентом распознавания в ПТМС. МЕТОДЫ: В ходе последовательной выборки из 803 ПМС были получены сведения о любых предыдущих изъятиях. Ковариаты включали в себя возраст, пол, тест Вехслера на читание для взрослых, учебные годы, баллы в рамках расширенной шкалы инвалидности (EDSS), продолжительность

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Seizures are associated with reduced cognition in the general population and worse outcomes in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). Yet, it remains unclear whether seizures are linked to cognitive dysfunction in pwMS. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the connection between seizure history and poorer cognition in pwMS. METHODS: A consecutive sample of …

Latest assessment methods for mitochondrial homeostasis in cognitive diseases.

Mitochondria play an essential role in neural function, such as supporting normal energy metabolism, regulating reactive oxygen species, buffering physiological calcium loads, and maintaining the balance of morphology, subcellular distribution, and overall health through mitochondrial dynamics. Given the recent technological advances in the assessment of mitochondrial structure and functions, mitochondrial dysfunction has been regarded as the early and key pathophysiological mechanism of cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, mild cognitive

The association between insomnia and cognitive decline: A scoping review.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the association between insomnia and cognitive decline to provide insights for clinical interventions and future research. METHODS: The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and ProQuest databases were systematically searched to identify studies on the association between insomnia and cognitive decline published within the last decade. The quality of the included studies was evaluated, followed by data extraction and summary analysis. RESULTS: A total of 36 studies were included in the review. Both subjective and objective measur

Brain structure and activity predicting cognitive maturation in adolescence.

Cognitive abilities of primates, including humans, continue to improve through adolescence 1,2. While a range of changes in brain structure and connectivity have been documented 3,4, how they affect neuronal activity that ultimately determines performance of cognitive functions remains unknown. Here, we conducted a multilevel longitudinal study of monkey adolescent neurocognitive development. The developmental trajectory of neural activity in the prefrontal cortex accounted remarkably well for working memory improvements. While complex aspects of activity changed progressively during adolescen

Building cognitive functions from distributed brain activity.

With recordings from temporal, parietal, and frontal regions of the behaving monkey brain, accompanied by a powerful method for optogenetic silencing of the frontal region, Mendoza-Halliday et al. compare network functions for working memory and visual selective attention.

Activity flow under the manipulation of cognitive load and training.

Flexible cognitive functions, such as working memory (WM), usually require a balance between localized and distributed information processing. However, it is challenging to uncover how local and distributed processing specifically contributes to task-induced activity in a region. Although the recently proposed activity flow mapping approach revealed the relative contribution of distributed processing, few studies have explored the adaptive and plastic changes that underlie cognitive manipulation. In this study, we recruited 51 healthy volunteers (31 females) and investigated how the activity f

Assessment of cognitive function in elderly patients with heart failure.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) tests for the identification of cognitive deficit (CD) in elderly patients with heart failure (HF). METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study with an observational design involving 43 elderly patients with HF of both sexes, treated by the Unified Health System, who were able to understand and follow the study instructions. A sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire and the MMSE and MoCA neurocognitive tests were applied. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 67 years; 67.44% were ma

Neuroanatomical and clinical factors predicting future cognitive impairment.

Identifying cognitively normal (CN) older adults who will convert to cognitive impairment (CI) due to Alzheimer's disease is crucial for early intervention. Clinical and neuroimaging measures were acquired from 301 CN adults who converted to CI within 15 years of baseline, and 294 who did not. Regional volumes and brain age measures were extracted from T1-weighted magnetic resonance images. Linear discriminant analysis compared non-converters' characteristics against those of short-, mid-, and long-term converters. Conversion was associated with clinical measures such as hearing impairment and

Cognitive Effects of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review.

Objective: To determine the objective cognitive effects of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS). Data … iated with any significant cognitive deficits in participants with TRS across the domains of global cognition, attention, language, visuospatial function, and executive function. Findings for immediate effects on memory were equivocal, but the majority of studies found no change or an improvement in memory after treatment. Conclusions: The current evidence …