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Investigating the relationship between clinical competence and the incidence of needle-stick injuries (NSIs) and their contributing factors in nurses: a descriptive cross-sectional study in Southern Iran.

BACKGROUND: Needle-stick injuries (NSIs) pose a substantial occupational hazard, exposing healthcare professionals to potentially infectious … evelopment, interpersonal relationships, education and coaching, and critical thinking and research aptitude. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software (version 16), employing the Chi-square test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and multiple logistic regression analysis. A significance level of p < 0.05 was applied to all tests. RESULTS: The findings r …

Learning disabilities and school problems in a regional cohort of extremely low birth weight (less than 1000 G) children: a comparison with term controls.

We compared the prevalence of learning disabilities at age 8 years in a subgroup of 68 of 129 (53%) regional cohort of extremely low birth weight (ELBW) children who were considered "normal" neurologically and intellectually (IQ greater than or equal to 85) with that of 114 term group matched controls (C). Both groups were tested with a battery of psychoeducational measures, and parents and teachers completed questionnaires on the school performance of the children. ELBW children were comparable with C on measures of intelligence (ELBW 101 +/- 8, C 104 +/- 11), language, and academic achieveme

Tacrine in Alzheimer's disease.

The efficacy and safety of tacrine (tetrahydroaminoacridine) plus lecithin were studied in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Patients with probable Alzheimer's disease were selected from those attending the memory clinic at a psychiatric hospital. Of the 89 patients included, 24 were withdrawn, 19 because of side-effects, 4 with other illnesses, and 1 for non-compliance. The active treatment was the maximum tolerated dose of tacrine up to 150 mg daily plus 10.8 g lecithin daily. Patients were randomly assigned to active or placebo treatment and crossed over after

Everyday Stressors in Deaf and Hard of Hearing Adolescents: The Role of Coping and Pragmatics.

The current mixed-methods study examined everyday problems among deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) adolescents across various life domains. To better understand the factors influencing levels of perceived stress, the impact of DHH adolescents' coping and pragmatic abilities was also examined. Thirty DHH adolescents completed questionnaires about everyday stressors and coping, and 13 of these respondents were interviewed regarding their everyday problems. All participants used spoken language and attended mainstream high schools. Teachers evaluated the pragmatic skills of each participant through

Modelling relations between sensory processing, speech perception, orthographic and phonological ability, and literacy achievement.

The general magnocellular theory postulates that dyslexia is the consequence of a multimodal deficit in the processing of transient and dynamic stimuli. In the auditory modality, this deficit has been hypothesized to interfere with accurate speech perception, and subsequently disrupt the development of phonological and later reading and spelling skills. In the visual modality, an analogous problem might interfere with literacy development by affecting orthographic skills. In this prospective longitudinal study, we tested dynamic auditory and visual processing, speech-in-noise perception, phono

Predictors of professional behaviour and academic outcomes in a UK medical school: A longitudinal cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Over the past 70 years, there has been a recurring debate in the literature and in the popular press about how best to select me … Year 4 written and Year 5 clinical examinations. Some cognitive subtest scores from the UK Clinical Aptitude Test (UKCAT) and the UKCAT total score were also significant predictors of the same components, and a unique predictor of the Year 5 written examination. A number of the non-cognitive tests were significant independent predictors of Years 4 and 5 cl …

Social information processing, moral reasoning, and emotion attributions: relations with adolescents' reactive and proactive aggression.

Connections between adolescents' social information processing (SIP), moral reasoning, and emotion attributions and their reactive and proactive aggressive tendencies were assessed. One hundred mostly African American and Latino 13- to 18-year-olds from a low-socioeconomic-status (SES) urban community and their high school teachers participated. Reactive aggression was uniquely related to expected ease in enacting aggression, lower verbal abilities, and hostile attributional biases, and most of these connections were mediated by adolescents' attention problems. In contrast, proactive aggressio

Prevalence of, and factors associated with, problem behaviors in adults with intellectual disabilities.

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of problem behaviors in adults with intellectual disabilities and to investigate which factors are independently associated with problem behaviors. A population-based cohort (n = 1023) had comprehensive individual assessments. Data were examined using multivariate logistic regression. The prevalence of problem behaviors was 22.5% (psychiatrists' opinion) or 18.7% (DC-LD criteria). Factors independently associated with problem behaviors were lower ability level, female gender, living in a congregate care setting or with paid carer support (rather tha

Right hemisphere reading mechanisms in a global alexic patient.

We investigated the implicit, or covert, reading ability of a global alexic patient (EA) to help determine the contribution of the right hemisphere to reading. Previous studies of alexic patients with left hemisphere damage have suggested that the ability to derive meaning from printed words that cannot be read out loud may reflect right hemisphere reading mechanisms. Other investigators have argued that residual left hemisphere abilities are sufficient to account for implicit reading and moreover do not require the postulation of a right hemisphere system that has no role in normal reading pr

Cognitive-communication performance following mild traumatic brain injury: Influence of sex, age, education, site of lesion and bilingualism.

BACKGROUND: Although previous research studies have defined several prognostic factors that affect cognitive-communication performance in pa … Aphasia Examination), verbal reasoning (verbal absurdities subtest of the Detroit Test of Learning Aptitude), confrontation naming (short form of the Boston Naming Test), verbal fluency (semantic category and letter category naming), and conversational discourse (conversational checklist of the Protocole Montréal d'évaluation de la communication) were ret …

[Hypofrontality and negative symptoms in schizophrenia: synthesis of anatomic and neuropsychological knowledge and ecological perspectives].

Cognitive deficits in schizophrenia have been observed with neuropsychological tests of executive function, traditionally considered sensitive to frontal lobe damage. These impairments affect planning abilities, as well as the aptitude to initiate and regulate a goal-directed behaviour. On the other hand, negative symptoms of schizophrenia are widely suspected to reflect a frontal lobe dysfunction. Based on a review of a hundred papers, the present article analyses the anatomical and neuropsychological evidence of disturbed frontal lobe functioning in patients with negative schizophrenic sympt…

International Olympic Committee consensus statement on youth athletic development.

The health, fitness and other advantages of youth sports participation are well recognised. However, there are considerable challenges for all stakeholders involved-especially youth athletes-in trying to maintain inclusive, sustainable and enjoyable participation and success for all levels of individual athletic achievement. In an effort to advance a more unified, evidence-informed approach to youth athlete development, the IOC critically evaluated the current state of science and practice of youth athlete development and presented recommendations for developing healthy, resilient and capable

Linear and nonlinear relationships between cognitive subdomains of ability discrepancy and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers.

OBJECTIVE: Substantial research indicates that fluid and crystallized abilities are highly correlated throughout the adult life span. However, recent proposals suggest that a large discrepancy between these two abilities, defined as crystallized performance minus fluid performance, indicates heightened risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHOD: In 266 cognitively healthy older adults, the present study tested linear and quadratic relationships between an ability discrepancy score and early AD neuropathology indexed via in vivo measures of beta-amyloid deposition and cortical thickness in AD-v

Enhanced multi step solvent extraction for fractionated bio oil production from sugarcane bagasse via hydrothermal liquefaction.

BACKGROUND: Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a promising thermochemical conversion process for lignocellulosic biomass, which is a sustain … d more yield and deoxygenation. Hydrothermal liquefaction is one of the feasible and viable thermal aptitude transformation methods that can be used to convert sugarcane bagasse into renewable biofuels and chemical intermediates. The end products of the bio-oils were found to be combustible with similar properties compared to the petroleum crude oil.

Prognosis of an abnormal one-leg balance in community-dwelling patients with Alzheimer's disease: a 2-year prospective study in 686 patients of the REAL.FR study.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to explore the predictive value of an abnormal one-leg balance (OLB) test for functional decline, nursing home admission, and mortality in community-dwelling patients affected with Alzheimer's disease (AD). DESIGN: A 2-year prospective, observational cohort study. SETTING: Nineteen memory centers across France. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 686 community-dwelling patients with AD. MEASUREMENTS: Mini-mental state examination, Activity of Daily Living scale, and balance (ability to stand unassisted for 5 seconds on 1 leg) were reported every 6 months. Functio

Heritability analyses of IQ scores: science or numerology?

Estimates of IQ heritability are subject to a variety of systematic errors. The IQ scores themselves contain uncontrollable, systematic erro … s of cognitive performance. Thus, despite the fact that children differ suibstantially in cognitive aptitudes and appetites, and despite the very high probability that these differences have a substantial genetic component, available scientific evidence strongly suggests that environmental factors are responsible for the failure of children not suffering f …

Breaking bad news: an active learning method for medical students.

BackgroundBreaking bad news is one of the most difficult aspects of communication in medicine. The objective of this study was to assess the relevance of a novel active learning course on breaking bad news for fifth-year students.MethodsStudents were divided into two groups: Group 1, the intervention group, participated in a multidisciplinary formative discussion workshop on breaking bad news with videos, discussions with a pluri-professional team, and concluding with the development of a guide on good practice in breaking bad news through collective intelligence; Group 2, the control group, r

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… An analysis of the scores for the “clinical aptitude” grid revealed significant intergroup differences in the proportion of correct answers for the following two items: recommending treatment in a specialist cancer department (100% in the interventional group vs. 64% in the control group; p = 0.012) … Table 3 External evaluation of the OSCE: overall evaluation, assessment of clinical aptitude and assessment of communication skills and attitudes Blind assessment by the evaluator The proportion of students judged by the evaluator to have received additional training in breaking bad news was 88.2% …

Аномальные модели иммунной фиксации иммунной сыворотки широко распространены после BCMA CAR-T в множестве миеломы и предшествуют иммунным явлениям.

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… S.L. reports receiving advisory or consulting fees from Pfizer, Janssen, GSK, Sanofi, Bristol Myers Squibb, Karyopharm, and Regeneron; honoraria from Regeneron, Clinical Care Options, Springer Healthcare, PeerView, Medscape, and Aptitude; and research funding from Zentalis and Sanofi. …

Лекция Barancik Award: Многодисциплинарные исследования будут ключом к остановке, восстановлению и окончанию MS.

За последние 25 лет мы добились небывалых успехов в понимании патогенеза MS и последующем развитии эффективных методов лечения. Совместные усилия в области генетики позволили выявить связь 236 общих вариантов ДНК с подверженностью болезням и первую связь с серьезностью заболеваний, что проложило путь к более эффективной терапии, особенно для прогрессивных форм заболевания. Параллельно и в дополнение к уже существующим экологическим заболеваниям, вызывающим или изменяющим себя, новая совместная работа выявила новые связи с компонентами кишечного микробиома. Это исследование открыло новую и захв

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… With more qualitative and quantitative tools available to the physician and researcher and a vast corpus of specialized information at their disposal, a new kind of aptitude will soon be necessary: multi-modal data integration. …

Kinetics of hematologic response in AL amyloidosis: Insights from clinical and cytogenetic subgroup analysis in the daratumumab era.

Rapid and profound reduction of free light chains (FLCs) improves outcomes in AL amyloidosis; however, early FLC kinetics with daratumumab-based frontline therapy remain undefined. We retrospectively analyzed 315 patients treated with daratumumab-bortezomib-cyclophosphamide-dexamethasone (Dara-VCd) or Dara-Vd at eight centers. Involved FLC (iFLC), the difference between iFLC and uninvolved FLC (dFLC), and hematologic response (≥very good partial response [VGPR]) were assessed at baseline and at 1, 3, and 6 months, and correlated with light chain isotype, disease burden (bone-marrow plasma-cell

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… Gertz: Honoraria: Alnylam, Aptitude Health, Ashfield, Celgene, Ionis/Akcea, Janssen, Johnson & Johnson, Juno, Physicians' Education Resource, Prothena, Research To Practice, Sanofi, and Sorrento. … Consulting or advisory role: Alnylam, Aptitude Health, Ashfield, Celgene, Ionis/Akcea, Janssen, Johnson & Johnson, Juno, Physicians' Education Resource, Prothena, Research To Practice, Sanofi, and Sorrento. …