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Pesticide use and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoid malignancies in agricultural cohorts from France, Norway and the USA: a pooled analysis from the AGRICOH consortium.

BACKGROUND: Pesticides are commonly used in agriculture, and previous studies endorsed the need to further investigate the possible associat … mall lymphocytic lymphoma and deltamethrin (1.48, 1.06-2.07); and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and glyphosate (1.36, 1.00-1.85); as well as inverse associations of NHL with the broader groups of organochlorine insecticides (0.86, 0.74-0.99) and phenoxy herbicides (0.81, 0.67-0.98), but not with active ingredients within these groups, after adjusting for exp …

Pesticides are Associated with Allergic and Non-Allergic Wheeze among Male Farmers.

BACKGROUND: Growing evidence suggests that pesticide use may contribute to respiratory symptoms. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the association of … osure-response relationship for several pesticides including the commonly used herbicides 2,4-D and glyphosate, the insecticides permethrin and carbaryl, and the rodenticide warfarin. CONCLUSIONS: These results for farmers implicate several pesticides that are commonly used in agricultural and residential settings with adverse respiratory effects.

Evaluation of multi-well microelectrode arrays for neurotoxicity screening using a chemical training set.

Microelectrode array (MEA) approaches have been proposed as a tool for detecting functional changes in electrically excitable cells, includi … xetine. Seven compounds expected to have no effect on neuronal function were tested as "negatives" (glyphosate, acetaminophen, salicylic acid, paraquat, saccharin, d-sorbitol and amoxicillin). Following collection of 33 min of baseline activity, chemical effects (50 μM or highest soluble concentration) were recorded for 33 min. Twenty of the positives altere …

Reducing the impact of pesticides on biological control in Australian vineyards: pesticide mortality and fecundity effects on an indicator species, the predatory mite Euseius victoriensis (Acari: Phytoseiidae).

Laboratory bioassays on detached soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., leaves were used to test 23 fungicides, five insecticides, two acaricides, … , Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) subsp. kurstaki, captan, chlorothalonil, copper hydroxide, fenarimol, glyphosate, hexaconazole, indoxacarb, metalaxyl/copper hydroxide, myclobutanil, nonyl phenol ethylene oxide, phosphorous acid, potassium bicarbonate, pyraclostrobin, quinoxyfen, spiroxamine, synthetic latex, tebufenozide, triadimenol, and trifloxystrobin. Ipro …

Assessing diet as a modifiable risk factor for pesticide exposure.

The effects of pesticides on the general population, largely as a result of dietary exposure, are unclear. Adopting an organic diet appears to be an obvious solution for reducing dietary pesticide exposure and this is supported by biomonitoring studies in children. However, results of research into the effects of organic diets on pesticide exposure are difficult to interpret in light of the many complexities. Therefore future studies must be carefully designed. While biomonitoring can account for differences in overall exposure it cannot necessarily attribute the source. Due diligence must be

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… A case in point is glyphosate. The adverse effects associated with glyphosate appear to be more dependent on the formulation tested than on the glyphosate concentration [ 41 , 42 ]. … Benachour N Se′ralini GE Glyphosate formulations induce apoptosis and necrosis in human umbilical, embryonic, and placental cells Chem. Res. Toxicol 2009 22 97 105 19105591 10.1021/tx800218n 43. …

Sensor Array and SMOTE-Based Algorithms for Volatile-Fingerprint Classification of Pesticide-Treated Soil with a Novel Chamber.

Soil pesticide-residue screening is important for ecological protection, food safety, and public health. However, conventional chromatograph … ulations from three chemical categories were evaluated: deltamethrin and cyfluthrin as pyrethroids, glyphosate and chlorpyrifos as organophosphorus pesticides, and zineb and mancozeb as organosulfur pesticides. These compounds were selected to represent commonly used pesticides with different chemical structures and volatile profiles. A mirror-symmetric gas- …

Identification of resistance to multiple herbicides and metabolic resistance to penoxsulam in barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli).

Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) is a problematic weed in rice production, and resistance to multiple herbicides threatens sustainable management. The resistant (R) population JZWD lacks ALS target-site mutations for penoxsulam, indicating metabolic resistance. Whole-plant assays revealed that JZWD exhibited moderate resistance to penoxsulam, glufosinate ammonium and haloxyfop-P, and low resistance to quinclorac, glyphosate and halauxifen-methyl, while it was susceptible to quizalofop-p-ethyl. The synergistic effects of malathion confirmed the involvement of P450 in penoxsulam resistance…

Farming, pesticide exposure and respiratory health: a cross-sectional study in Thailand.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the association of lung function and respiratory symptoms with farming, particularly pesticide use, in an agricultural … o evidence of association of lung function with farming activities, the use of specific herbicides (glyphosate and paraquat), insecticides (organophosphates and pyrethroids) or fungicides. The exceptions were poultry farming, associated with chronic cough and an increase of FEV1/FVC, and atrazine, for which duration (p-trend <0.01), intensity (p-trend <0.01) …

Genomic data reveal international lineages of critical priority Escherichia coli harbouring wide resistome in Andean condors (Vultur gryphus Linnaeus, 1758).

Critical priority pathogens have globally disseminated beyond clinical settings, thereby threatening wildlife. Andean Condors (Vultur gryphu … d CTX-M-65 ESBL genes), heavy metals (arsenic, mercury, lead, cadmium, copper, silver), pesticides (glyphosate) and domestic/hospital disinfectants, suggesting a link with anthropogenic environmental pollution. On the other hand, the presence of virulence factors, including the astA gene associated with outbreak of childhood diarrhoea and extra-intestinal di …

Maternal residential exposure to specific agricultural pesticide active ingredients and birth defects in a 2003-2005 North Carolina birth cohort.

BACKGROUND: Previously we observed elevated odds ratios (ORs) for total pesticide exposure and 10 birth defects: three congenital heart defe … 1.22]). Whereas atrial septal defects were positively associated with higher levels of exposure to glyphosate, cyhalothrin, S-metolachlor, mepiquat, and pendimethalin (ORs ranged from 1.22 to 1.35 for 50th to <90th exposures, and 1.72 to 2.09 for >90th exposures); associations with paraquat were null or inconsistent (OR 50th to <90th: 1.05 (0.87, 1.27). CO …

Monitoring residues of pesticides in food in Brazil: A multiscale analysis of the main contaminants, dietary cancer risk estimative and mechanisms associated.

IntroductionPesticides pose a risk for cancer development and progression. People are continuously exposed to such substances by several routes, including daily intake of contaminated food and water, especially in countries that are highly pesticide consumers and have very permissive legislation about pesticide contamination as Brazil. This work investigated the relationship among pesticides, food contamination, and dietary cancer risk.MethodsAnalyzed two social reports from the Brazilian Government: the Program for Analysis of Residues of Pesticides in Food (PARA) and The National Program for

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… Contact with glyphosate can occur via the oral, respiratory (pulmonary), or dermal route ( 156 ). The dermal route is the complaint of workers exposed to glyphosate by the absorption route of this element ( 157 ). … Glyphosate and the key characteristics of an endocrine disruptor: a review . Chemosphere. ( 2021 ) 270 : 128619 . 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128619 33131751 81. Kogan M Alister C . Glyphosate use in forest plantations . …

Mutant characterization and in vivo conditional repression identify aromatic amino acid biosynthesis to be essential for Aspergillus fumigatus virulence.

Pathogenicity of the saprobe Aspergillus fumigatus strictly depends on nutrient acquisition during infection, as fungal growth determines colonisation and invasion of a susceptible host. Primary metabolism has to be considered as a valid target for antimycotic therapy, based on the fact that several fungal anabolic pathways are not conserved in higher eukaryotes. To test whether fungal proliferation during invasive aspergillosis relies on endogenous biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids, defined auxotrophic mutants of A. fumigatus were generated and assessed for their infectious capacities in n

Roundup effects on oxidative stress parameters and recovery pattern of Rhamdia quelen.

Antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress indicators were evaluated in fish exposed to different concentrations of the herbicide Roundup 48% (Monsanto, St. Louis, MO): control (none), 0.45, or 0.95 mg/l. After exposure for 8 days to herbicide, fish were transferred to clean water for a recovery response period (also 8 days). Herbicide increased thiobarbituric acid reactive species in liver and muscle at the higher concentration and in the brain at both concentrations. Protein carbonyl in liver increased after exposure. Catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and ascorbic acid l

The effect of the pesticides, Dexon, Captan and Roundup, on sister-chromatid exchanges in human lymphocytes in vitro.

3 pesticides at varying concentrations were tested for the induction of SCE in human lymphocytes in vitro. The fungicide, Dexon, sodium (4-(dimethylamino)phenyldiazene sulfate, was found to cause the greatest increase in SCE frequency and the response is dose related. The herbicide, Roundup, isopropylamine salt of N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine, had the lest effect on SCE requiring the use of much higher concentrations to produce an effect. Limited results were obtained with the fungicide Captan, cis-N-((trichloromethyl)thio)-4-cyclohexene-1, 2-dicarboximide because of toxic levels of either the f

Allelochemical Potential of Smilax fluminensis Steud. (Smilacaceae) Leaves: Investigation of the Effects on Germination, Seedling Development and Cellular Alterations.

Agrochemicals are used worldwide in food production, but their use varies between countries due to the damage observed to nature and human h … and 500 µg/mL and HEF at 125 µg/mL demonstrated the potential to reverse genetic damage induced by glyphosate (GLY).

Flow patterns and pathways of legacy and contemporary pesticides in surface waters in tropical volcanic catchments.

Severe water pollution issues due to legacy and contemporary pesticides exist in tropical regions and are linked to cash crops requiring int … 1972 to 1993, was still the major source of river contamination, while the currently used herbicide glyphosate, its metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), and postharvest fungicides also exhibited high contamination levels. A value of 0.5 of the Gustafson Ubiquity Score (GUS) was shown to separate contaminant and noncontaminant pesticides, indicating …

Suspected gut barrier disruptors and development of food allergy: Adjuvant effects and early immune responses.

Food allergy is an increasing public health challenge worldwide. It has recently been hypothesized that the increase in exposure to intestin … (CT; positive control), the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON), house dust mite (HDM) or the pesticide glyphosate (GLY). In addition, we investigated early effects 4 to 48 h after a single exposure to the compounds by assessing markers of intestinal barrier permeability, alarmin production, intestinal epithelial responses, and local immune responses. CT and DON …

Multiple pesticides occurrence, fate, and environmental risk assessment in a small horticultural stream of Argentina.

Peri-urban horticulture is crucial to local populations, but a global paucity of information exists regarding the contamination of the assoc … raphy tandem mass spectrometry. Six sampling campaigns were conducted biannually from 2015 to 2017. Glyphosate and (aminomethyl)phosphonic acid (AMPA), surprisingly, were the most frequently detected pesticides, in concentrations comparable to those reported in areas with genetically modified extensive crops (maximum in water, 20.04 and 4.86 μg·L-1; in sedim …

Genotoxicity and oxidative stress in Caiman latirostris hatchlings exposed to pesticide formulations and their mixtures during incubation period.

Agricultural expansion and the consequent use of pesticides lead to the loss and fragmentation of natural habitats of several wild species. Then, many species are inevitably exposed to a wide amount of pesticide formulations. Glyphosate (GLY)-based formulations are the most used herbicide, whereas two of the most employed insecticides are chlorpyrifos (CPF) and cypermethrin (CYP). The aim of this study was to evaluate genotoxicity, oxidative damage, and the modulation of antioxidants defenses in peripheral blood of Caiman latirostris after embryonic exposure to pesticide formulations and their…

Pesticide Chemical Research in Toxicology: Lessons from Nature.

Pesticide researchers are students of nature, and each new compound and mechanism turns a page in the ever-expanding encyclopedia of life. P … ic acetylcholine receptor and the ryanodine receptor Ca2+ channel, respectively. The herbicides are glyphosate that inhibits aromatic amino acid biosynthesis and mesotrione that prevents plastoquinone and carotenoid formation. The fungicides are azoxystrobin inhibiting the Qo site of the cytochrome bc1 complex and prothioconazole inhibiting the 14α-demethyla …