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A Review of Current Clinical Concepts in the Pathophysiology, Etiology, Diagnosis, and Management of Hypercalcemia.

Calcium is the most abundant extracellular cation in the body, and it is responsible for structural and enzymatic functions. Calcium homeostasis is regulated by 3 factors: calcitonin, vitamin D, and parathyroid hormone (PTH). Hypercalcemia is defined by a serum calcium concentration >10.5 mg/dL, and it is classified into mild, moderate, and severe, depending on calcium values. Most cases are caused by primary hyperparathyroidism and malignancies. Various mechanisms are involved in the pathophysiology of hypercalcemia, such as excessive PTH production, production of parathyroid hormone-related

Infection rate and clinical management of cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic: experience from a tertiary care hospital in northern Italy.

BackgroundOptimal management of patients with cancer during COVID-19 pandemic is still pending.MethodsOur patients were advised to maintain their scheduled appointments, and planned cancer treatment was continued without unnecessary delays in an outpatient setting. Additional strict preventive infection measures were rapidly implemented at our outpatient department. When COVID-19 test became widely available, universal testing of healthcare workers and vigorous screening of all patients coming to our facility for COVID-19 infection were performed by SARS-CoV-2 real-time reverse transcription P

Barriers to the Provision and Utilization of Palliative Care in Africa: A Rapid Scoping Review.

Palliative care (PC) has continued to be less available, underutilized, and unintegrated in many of the healthcare systems, especially in Africa. This scoping review synthesized existing published papers on adult PC in Africa, to report the barriers to PC and to assess the methodologies used in these studies. Eight electronic databases and Google Scholar were searched to identify relevant studies published between 2005 and 2018. Overall, 42 publications (34 empirical studies and 9 reviews) that reported issues related to barriers to adult PC were selected. Three themes identified were individu

Incidence and Risk Factors of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting Among Adult Cancer Patients at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital: A Prospective Study.

BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) remains a significant and distressing adverse effect of cancer treatment, adversely affecting patients' quality of life. Despite well-established international guidelines for antiemetic prophylaxis, variability in CINV incidence and guideline adherence persists across different regions and healthcare settings, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). OBJECTIVE: This study determined the incidence and associated factors of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) among adult cancer patients at Mbarara Regional

Management of Tooth Extraction in Patients Taking Antiresorptive Drugs: An Evidence Mapping Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a well-known severe adverse reaction of antiresorptive, antiangiogenic or targeted therapies, and usually occurs after tooth extraction. This review is aimed at determining the efficacy of any intervention of tooth extraction to reduce the risk of MRONJ in patients taking antiresorptive drugs, and present the distribution of evidence in these clinical questions. METHODS: Primary studies and reviews were searched from nine databases (Medline, EMBase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, WOSCC, Inspec, KCI-KJD, SciELO and GIM) and two regi

Educational Case: Atypical presentation of primary hyperparathyroidism with brown tumor.

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

Potential Drug Interactions in Hospitalized Hematologic Cancer Patients: New Update with New Chemotherapy Regimens.

ObjectiveThis cross-sectional study aimed to assess the frequency of potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs) and demographic correlates of moderate and major DDIs among patients with hematologic cancer at a referral hematology hospital in Iran.MethodsIn this study, for 6 months, all patients suffering from hematologic cancers admitted to the tertiary oncology hospital, Omid, Isfahan, were considered. Data from all medications prescribed to patients during hospitalization were analyzed using the online Lexicomp® drug interaction checker, recording all interactions classified by risk level: C, D

Hemato-Oncology Care During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic: Changes in Treatment Pathways, Patient Flow, and Durable Organizational Adaptations.

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted cancer care at every level of the clinical pathway, but its effect on hemato-oncology was distinctive because patients with hematologic malignancies often require urgent diagnosis, frequent hospital visits, transfusion support, intensive therapy, transplantation, cellular therapy, and infection-sensitive follow-up. This narrative review examines the pandemic as a disruption of hemato-oncology care delivery rather than only as a source of excess infection-related morbidity. It synthesizes evidence on diagnostic access, patient flow, treatment prioritization, infe

Novel Systemic Anticancer Therapy and Healthcare Utilization at the End of Life: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

BackgroundNovel systemic anticancer therapies (SACT) in the form of targeted and immunotherapies are increasingly replacing traditional chemotherapy. Little is known about the impact of novel SACT on healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) at the end of life.MethodologyA retrospective review of patients attending a tertiary cancer center in Toronto, Canada, with advanced solid or hematological malignancies who died in 2019. Demographic and cancer data, SACT use, HCRU (emergency room [ER] visits, acute/intensive care unit [ICU] admission, and place of death) were retrieved and compared between t

Update on Occupational Cancer for Better Cancer Prevention and Control.

Occupational cancer remains an ongoing and emerging issue in cancer prevention and control and is more easily preventable in practice than other causes. As of 2024, changes in various aspects, such as methods for estimating the burden of cancer, evidence on novel carcinogens and classification systems, modernization of working conditions, job characteristics, occupational exposure, and societal changes have played a significant role. Furthermore, advances in technology, including wearable devices, exposome, and biomedical technology, offer more precise methods for identifying the associations

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Tertiary prevention Tertiary measures can prevent disability and mortality. With advancements in medical treatment and the improved longevity of cancer survivors, returning to the workforce has become vital for reducing morbidity and mortality. … This potential impact on economic stability and overall well-being underscores the importance of developing robust tertiary prevention strategies in clinical practice. Returning to and being fit for work are pivotal aspects of the tertiary prevention paradigm. …

Epidemiology and Factors Associated with Treatment Success of Invasive Fungal Infections Among Newly Hematologic Malignancy Patients Receiving Chemotherapy or Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant in Thailand.

PurposeInvasive fungal infection (IFI) causes disability/death in patients with hematologic malignancy (HM) receiving chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). There is limited epidemiological data, treatment outcomes, and factors associated with IFI treatment success in Thailand. This study aimed to identify factors associated with IFI treatment success among new HM patients receiving chemotherapy or HSCT, determine IFI incidence among HM patients receiving chemotherapy or HSCT, and the IFI incidence of a breakthrough in patients receiving primary antifungal prophylaxis, and

Потребность в помощи и соответствующий вопросник для семей, обеспечивающих уход за пациентами с множественной миеломой: исследование по вопросам развития и перекрестной проверки.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: В течение всего периода болезни пациентов с множественной миеломой (ММ) те, кто ухаживает за членами семьи, играют важнейшую вспомогательную роль, и они сами имеют вспомогательные потребности в уходе (СХН), которые зачастую не удовлетворяются. Одной из неотложных проблем является быстрое и точное выявление удовлетворяемых и неудовлетворенных потребностей семей, обеспечивающих уход за членами семьи. ЦЕЛИ: Разработка вопросника для лиц, осуществляющих уход за пациентами с множественной миеломой, в целях удовлетворения потребностей в поддержке и снабжения, а также оценка ег

Outcome of Myeloma Patients with COVID-19 on Active Lenalidomide-Based Therapy: Does Lenalidomide Protect From Severe COVID-19?

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The expenditures related to the use of antifungal drugs in patients with hematological cancers: a cost analysis.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to analyze the expenditures related to the use of antifungal drugs in patients with hematological malignancies.MethodsIn this retrospective study, the expenditures related to use of antifungal drugs for treatment of invasive fungal infections in patients with hematological malignancies between November 2010 and November 2012 were analyzed. Expenditures of antifungal drugs were calculated by converting the price billed to the Republic of Turkey Social Security Institution per patient using the US dollar ($) exchange rate.ResultsWe retrospectively analyzed the e

Clinical characteristics and outcome of multiple myeloma patients with concomitant COVID-19 at Comprehensive Cancer Centers in Germany.

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Patients admitted in the intensive care unit after solid organ or bone marrow transplantation: Retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Solid organ transplantation (SOT) and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) revolutionized the survival and quality of life of patients with malignant diseases, various immunologic, and metabolic disorders or those associated with a significant impairment in a patient's quality of life. AIM: To investigate admission causes and treatment outcomes of patients after SOT or HSCT treated in a medical intensive care unit (ICU). METHODS: We conducted a single-center, retrospective epidemiological study in the medical ICU at the University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Croatia coverin

Отличительные стратегии распознавания tRNA, используемые гомологической семьей редактирующих доменов, предотвращают неправильный перевод.

Ошибки в синтезе белка из-за пропускания аминокислот с tRNA ставят под угрозу жизнеспособность клеток. Было описано несколько контрольно-пропускных пунктов для предотвращения образования Ala- и Cys-tRNA(Pro), в том числе специально для Ala редактируемый домен (INS) большинства бактериальных проли-тринских синтезаторов (PRS) и автономный однодомный INS homolog, YbaK, который очищает Cys-tRNA(Pro) в транс. Во многих видах, где у ПРОРС нет домена INS, за редактирование Ala-tRNA(ProXp-ala) отвечает другой однодомный белок, похожий на INS. Хотя аминокислотная специфичность этих доменов редактирован

Retrospective Analysis of Cement Extravasation Rates in Vertebroplasty, Kyphoplasty, and Bone Tumor Radiofrequency Ablation.

Background: Percutaneous vertebral augmentation techniques, including vertebroplasty, kyphoplasty, and bone tumor radiofrequency ablation (BT-RFA), are commonly used to treat painful vertebral compression fractures (VCFs). While generally safe and effective, they carry risks, including cement extravasation, which can lead to pulmonary embolism or spinal cord compression. This study aims to compare the rate of cement extravasation across different vertebral augmentation techniques and identify potential risk factors. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a comprehensive cancer

Towards a unified approach for multiple myeloma care in Kenya - proceedings of the Inaugural Multiple Myeloma Congress.

The rising burden of multiple myeloma in Kenya has not been met by a commensurate effort for control. Patients and practitioners struggle with unavailability and unaffordability of diagnostics, drugs and stem cell transplant leading to presentation at advanced stages and under-treatment with increased morbidities and mortality. A concerted effort among stakeholders is urgently needed to develop strategies for myeloma control. The scarcity of providers also carries grave consequences for Kenyan patients. The Academic Model Providing Access To Healthcare (AMPATH) multiple myeloma program organiz

Exploring Affordable Curative Therapy for Sickle Cell Disease in Africa: A Comprehensive Overview.

The practical aspects of developing curative treatments for sickle cell disease (SCD) in Africa, such as gene therapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, involve strengthening healthcare infrastructure, training healthcare professionals, establishing regional treatment centers, and creating national SCD programs. The costs associated with gene therapy and stem cell transplants can be prohibitive, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Strategies to address affordability, including local manufacturing, government funding, and partnerships with global health agencies, are essen