Результаты поиска

Association of vitamin D status with the presence of Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD): a case-control study.

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D is essential for musculoskeletal health, and its deficiency has been linked to various pain disorders. However, eviden … , Dr. Ishrat-ul-Ebad Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan. A total of 100 participants (50 TMD cases and 50 age- and sex-matched controls) were enrolled. TMD status was determined using a structured validated symptom-based questionnaire derived from the Fonseca Anamnestic Index. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D l …

A genetically-distinct Pigeon Paramyxovirus-I isolate fails to cross-react with neutralizing antibodies raised by LaSota vaccine in chicken.

Pigeon paramyxovirus-1 (PPMV-1) is a major cause of mortality in domestic and free-living pigeons worldwide and has the potential to infect … type XXI.1.2. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated close clustering with pigeon-derived isolates from Pakistan and Eastern Europe, while showing marked genetic divergence from Class I and other Class II strains. Comparative analysis revealed extensive amino acid substitutions within major antigenic regions of the fusion protein, including L69M (A1-A3) and Y3 …

Comparison of the effectiveness of oral lactase enzyme and lactose-free formula in the management of secondary lactose intolerance in persistent and severe persistent diarrhea.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of oral lactase enzyme versus lactose-free formula in the management of secondary lactose intolerance in persistent and severe persistent diarrhea. METHODS: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at the pediatric unit of Ziauddin University Hospital, Kemari, Karachi, Pakistan, from June, 2023 to July,2024. A total of 50 children were included in this study following the inclusion criteria of both genders aged 6-24 months and presented with persistent or severe persistent diarrhea due to secondary lactose intolerance. In Group-A, five drops of la…

Oral gastrografin protocol resolves worm-induced small bowel obstruction in children: a prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Worm-induced small bowel obstruction (SBO) is a common pediatric surgical problem in endemic regions, but the role of oral Gastrografin in this setting remains unclear. METHODS: We conducted a prospective cohort study (December 2022–December 2024) at a single center in Pakistan. Children aged 5–18 years with radiological and clinical evidence of uncomplicated Ascaris-related SBO were included. Exclusions were complicated obstruction, rectal bleeding, hypersensitivity to Gastrografin, or refusal to participate. Participants received either standard conservative management (nil per o…

Managing and controlling diseases transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes: a review on best practices.

BACKGROUND: Dengue fever (DF) is a viral disease caused by the dengue virus and is transmitted to humans by Aedes mosquitoes. It is characte … l from various countries, including Taiwan, India, Oman, Singapore, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Pakistan, China, the Philippines, Japan, Brazil, Paraguay, France, Portugal, Spain, Peru, the United States, Colombia, Australia, and Iran. The PubMed database was searched until August 2024. RESULTS: Dengue outbreaks necessitate diverse control strategies …

Molecular Characterization and Prevalence of Anaplasma ovis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Goat Population in Siirt Province From Türkiye.

Anaplasmosis is a major tick-borne infectious disease affecting small ruminants, leading to significant economic losses due to decreased pro … 4 gene sequences showing 100% nucleotide identity with reference A. ovis isolates from Iran, Italy, Pakistan, Sudan, Tunisia, and Türkiye. Phylogenetic analysis supported species-level identification by grouping the study isolates with reference A. ovis sequences; however, broader evolutionary inferences should be interpreted cautiously due to the short fr …

Integrated evaluation of rapid diagnostic testing, genotypic-phenotypic resistance profiling, and AI-Assisted prediction models for antimicrobial stewardship and clinical outcomes in a resource-limited setting.

INTRODUCTION: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) remains a major global health concern, necessitating timely and accurate diagnostic approaches … METHODS: A prospective observational study was conducted at Lady Reading Hospital, MTI, Peshawar, Pakistan from 13/02/2023-18/04/2025, including 410 adult patients with suspected bacterial infections. Participants underwent conventional AST, rapid diagnostic testing, and molecular detection of resistance genes. An AI-based model was developed using clini …

Качество жизни и симптомы тревоги и депрессии у пациентов с раком: выводы из тертиарной клиники.

Рак является одной из главных причин глобальной смертности и заболеваемости, на долю которой ежегодно приходится миллионы смертей. Цель этого исследования заключалась в оценке качества жизни (QoL), изучении демографических, клинических и психологических факторов, связанных с QoL, оценке распространенности беспокойства и депрессивных симптомов, а также в оценке связей между методами лечения и областями QoL среди пациентов с раком, получающих антираковую терапию в Лахоре, Пакистан. МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ 385 больные раком с помощью удобного отбора проб. Данные собирались с помощью вопросника "

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND Cancer is a leading cause of global mortality and morbidity, accounting for millions of deaths each year. This study aimed to ass … tment modalities and QoL domains among patients with cancer receiving anticancer therapy in Lahore, Pakistan. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross-sectional study included 385 cancer patients using a convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) questionnaire, which assesses 4 QoL domains: physical wel …

The emotional cost of containment: a cross-sectional analysis of treatment effects among informal carers in South Asia during the COVID-19 pandemic.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic led to government-imposed mobility restrictions, social distancing, and lockdowns, altering the caregiving … Isolation, and COVID-19 Caregiver survey. Carers (n=454) in Bangladesh (N=123), India (N=116), and Pakistan (N=215) self-reported their experiences before/during the pandemic. The dimensions were extracted from 11 change indicators. A dimension's emotional costs were its effects on (1) the change in burden frequency relative to pre-pandemic conditions and …

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire (PFIQ-7) short form in Urdu: a comprehensive linguistic and psychometric analysis.

BACKGROUND: Pelvic floor disorders (PFDs) affect women's physical, psychological, and social well-being, particularly in low- and middle-inc … assessing PFD's impact on quality of life, supporting its use in clinical and research settings in Pakistan. Future research should explore its utility in rural and community-based settings to enhance generalizability.

Incidence of Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Obese Adults and Its Metabolic Implications: A Prospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is characterized by elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and normal free thyroxine (FT4) … index (BMI) 30 kg/m2 and above) who were tested during six months in Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. The clinical and demographic data of the anthropometric measurements were also recorded. The laboratory tests were interpreted to identify serum TSH, FT4, fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, and insulin resistance calculated through the homeostat …

Tobacco, nicotine and counter-marketing promotions using Instagram's branded content tool.

BACKGROUND: The social media conglomerate, Meta, has a policy prohibiting promotion of tobacco products, vaporisers, electronic cigarettes o … gram users accounted for 42.6% of promotional content. After the USA, posts from Indonesia (19.1%), Pakistan (9.8%) and India (8.2%) were most frequent. Most posts were fully in English (74.9%). Posts featured hookah (39.4%), electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) accessories (17.5%), ENDS devices and e-liquids (16.9%) and various types of cigars (15. …

Leveraging explainable artificial intelligence and spatial analysis for communicable diseases in Asia (2000-2022) based on health, climate, and socioeconomic factors.

BACKGROUND: Communicable diseases remain a significant public health challenge in Asia, driven by diverse climatic, socioeconomic, and healt … ria cases dropped from 27.00 million (2000) to 7.96 million (2022), yet Bangladesh (Gi* = 4.13) and Pakistan (Gi* = 4.17) exhibited sustained risk. Dengue peaked at 2.71 million cases in 2019, with current hotspots in Malaysia (Gi* = 2.4) and Myanmar (Gi* = 0.79). Spatial disparities underscore the influence of precipitation, relative humidity, and healthc …

Seroresponse to repeated infections with Salmonella enterica Typhi and Paratyphi A.

Enteric fever, a systematic bacterial infection caused by Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi, continues to impose a significant public health burden in low and middle-income countries, yet our understanding of the serum antibody dynamics following infection remains incomplete. Although previous work has characterized the longitudinal seroresponses following acute typhoid infection, gaps persist in deciphering how repeated exposures influence antibody decay and protection. In our longitudinal cohort study of blood culture-confirmed enteric fever cases enrolled in Bangladesh, Nepal, and Pakistan, we…

Clinical utility of CLL-IPI scoring system in Pakistani Chronic Lymphocytic Patients: A single center experience.

OBJECTIVES: To determine validity of the CLL International prognostic index (IPI) scoring system in Pakistani chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients, as the validity and universal applicability of various prognostic scoring systems such as the CLL-IPI remains a challenge, particularly in under-developed countries like Pakistan. METHODS: This prospective single center study was conducted at Department of Hematology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore and included sixty patients with CLL diagnosed between July, 2019 to July, 2022. Patients were followed for a period of two years and 02 year o…

Multiple-Drug Resistant Shiga Toxin-Producing E. coli in Raw Milk of Dairy Bovine.

INTRODUCTION: Raw milk may contain pathogenic microorganisms harmful to humans, e.g., multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli non-O157:H7, which can cause severe colitis, hemolytic uremia, and meningitis in children. No studies are available on the prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC O157:H7) in sick or healthy dairy animals in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. AIM: This study aimed to isolate, characterize, and detect antibiotic resistance in STEC non-O157:H7 from unpasteurized milk of dairy bovines in this province. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We collected raw milk samples…

Demographic analysis of hearing impairment based on various parameters in patients with cochlear implant.

OBJECTIVES: To analyse the demographic and clinical variables in children having undergone cochlear implant surgery because of deafness. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted from January to November 2022 at the Centre for Research in Experimental and Applied Medicine laboratory of the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, in collaboration with the Ear, Nose and Throat Department of Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, and comprised children of eith gender aged up to 10 years who had received cochlear implant. Data was coll…

Infant growth and body composition from birth to 24 months: are infants developing the same?

BACKGROUND: Given the importance of infancy for establishing growth trajectories, with later-life health consequences, we investigated longitudinal body composition among infants from six economically and ethnically diverse countries. METHODS: We recruited mother-infant dyads using the WHO Multicenter Growth Reference Study criteria. We measured fat-free mass (FFM) in 1393 (49% female) infants from birth to 6 months of age (Australia, India, and South Africa; n = 468), 3-24 months of age (Brazil, Pakistan, South Africa, and Sri Lanka; n = 925), and derived fat mass (FM), fat mass index (FMI),…

Necessity of Tendoachilles Tenotomy in Patients With Congenital Talipes Equinovarus (CTEV) Treated Using the Ponseti Technique: A Prospective Cohort Study.

AIM: This study aims to determine how often Achilles tenotomy is performed on patients who have congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) and have been managed with Ponseti serial casts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective cohort study took place from November 2021 to May 2023 in the orthopedic unit of Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan. About 38 pediatric patients with CTEV, who received treatment in the form of Ponseti casting, were enrolled in the study. Clinicodemographic data of the patients were recorded. Informed consents were taken prior to enrollment. RESULTS: Using the P…

Frequency of Gallbladder Carcinoma in Patients Operated for Symptomatic Cholelithiasis.

Background Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is a rare but highly aggressive malignancy, often discovered incidentally during cholecystectomy for symptomatic cholelithiasis. Despite significant geographic variation, the association between gallstones and GBC is well-documented, with chronic inflammation from gallstones potentially contributing to carcinogenesis. Objective This study aims to determine the prevalence of incidental GBC in patients undergoing cholecystectomy for symptomatic cholelithiasis at a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan. Materials and methods This retrospective cohort …