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Модулы воздействия на организм человека, связанные с болезнями, связанными с имммуном.

Бисфенол А (БПА), используемый в поликарбонатных пластмассах и эпоксидных смолах, имеет широкое воздействие на человека. ПБВ вызывает озабоченность в связи с воздействием на развитие, которое приводит к иммуномодуляции и развитию болезней в силу ее способности пересекать плацентальный барьер и присутствовать в материнском молоке. БПА может использовать различные механизмы для модуляции иммунной системы и воздействия на болезни, включая агонистическое и антагонистическое воздействие на многие рецепторы (например, эстрогенные рецепторы), эпигенетические модификации, действие на пути клеточного с

The anti-tumor potential of sinomenine: a narrative review.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Currently, chemotherapy is the main treatment for most tumors. However, drug resistance and many adverse reactions associated with chemotherapy greatly limit its use. Therefore, an increasing number of researchers have shifted the research focus the anti-tumor activity of traditional Chinese medicine. The objective of this article is to review the anti-tumor mechanism of sinomenine and its derivatives to provide a reference for further study and clinical transformation. METHODS: In this study, we searched for relevant articles on the anti-tumor mechanism of Sinomeniu

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… Therefore, nanocarriers and molecular modification (such as sinomenine hydrochloride, sinomenine ester derivatives, chlorine-containing derivatives and YL064) is considered an effective method to solve these problems ( 5 ). …

Tripchlorolide induces autophagy in lung cancer cells by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and improves cisplatin sensitivity in A549/DDP cells.

Tripchlorolide (T4) has been shown to induce A549 lung cancer cell death predominantly by activating an autophagy pathway. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Herein, we demonstrated that compared with T4 treatment alone, pretreatment with wortmannin (an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase), perifosine (an inhibitor of AKT) or rapamycin (an inhibitor of mTOR) combined with a subsequent T4 treatment significantly impaired the cell viability of A549 and A549/DDP lung cancer cells. We found that either treatment scheme markedly reduced the activity of P13K and AKT. Expressio

Tumor Targeting with Peptide-Drug Conjugates: Showcasing Key Progress and Hurdles.

Peptide-drug conjugates (PDCs) are modular, targeted therapeutics composed of a homing peptide linked to a cytotoxic or modulating drug payload via a cleavable/non-cleavable linker. PDCs utilize peptide targeting to enhance the delivery of potent drugs to tumors, providing advantages such as superior tissue penetration, reduced immunogenicity, and simpler manufacture compared to antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). A comparison of PDCs versus ADCs highlights that PDCs' small size (~1-3 kDa) enables deeper tumor penetration and faster clearance, whereas ADCs (~150 kDa) benefit from prolonged circul

Advances in the delivery of anticancer drugs by nanoparticles and chitosan-based nanoparticles.

Cancer is the leading cause of death globally, and conventional treatments have limited efficacy with severe side effects. The use of nanotechnology has the potential to reduce the side effects of drugs by creating efficient and controlled anticancer drug delivery systems. Nanoparticles (NPs) used as drug carriers offer several advantages, including enhanced drug protection, biodistribution, selectivity and, pharmacokinetics. Therefore, this review is devoted to various organic (lipid, polymeric) as well as inorganic nanoparticles based on different building units and providing a wide range of

Advances in improving cancer immunotherapy with nanotechnology: from smart nanoparticles to synergistic combination strategies.

Cancer immunotherapy has substantially advanced cancer treatment, achieving durable responses in select malignancies. However, its widespread application is limited by significant challenges: low efficacy in many solid tumors, severe side effects, and immune evasion facilitated by the tumor microenvironment (TME). Nanotechnology offers a promising approach to address these obstacles. By employing nanoparticles (NPs), we can precisely deliver therapeutics to tumor sites, ensure controlled release to minimize side effects, and amplify the immune response, thereby substantially boosting the effec

Safety and efficacy assessment of allogeneic human dental pulp stem cells to treat patients with severe COVID-19: structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (Phase I / II).

OBJECTIVES: To assess the safety and therapeutic effects of allogeneic human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in treating severe pneumonia cau … ubin, cholinesterase, urea, creatinine, total carbon dioxide, uric acid glucose, potassium, sodium, chlorine, calcium, corrected calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, calcium and phosphorus product, anion gap, penetration Pressure, total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipoprotein a, creati …

Organelle-oriented nanomedicines in tumor therapy: Targeting, escaping, or collaborating?

Precise tumor therapy is essential for improving treatment specificity, enhancing efficacy, and minimizing side effects. Targeting organelles is a key strategy for achieving this goal and is a frontier research area attracting a considerable amount of attention. The concept of organelle targeting has a significant effect on the structural design of the nanodrugs employed. Most notably, the intricate interactions among different organelles in a tumor cell essentially create a unified system. Unfortunately, this aspect might have been somewhat overlooked when existing organelle-targeting nanodru

DNA Damaging Drugs

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IgE-expressing long-lived plasma cells in persistent sensitization.

Persistent allergies affect the quality of life of patients and increase economic burdens. Many clinical observations indicate the presence of IgE+ long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs), which account for the persistent secretion of specific IgE; however, the characteristics of the IgE+ LLPCs have yet to be identified clearly. In this review, we summarized the generation of IgE+ PCs, discussed the prosurvival factors in the microenvironment, and reviewed the unique IgE-BCR signaling, which may bring insights into understanding the survival mechanisms of IgE+ LLPCs.

Известная эволюция полимер-связывающего пептида LCI для улучшения связывания полипропилена.

Функционализация поверхностей полимеров с помощью полимерных связывающих пептидов предоставляет значительные возможности для направленногоImmobilization ферментов, биоактивных пептидов и антигенов. Применение полимерных связывающих пептидов в качестве адгезивов требует надежного и стабильного связывания при условиях процесса. Молекулярные режимы взаимодействия между материалами поверхностей, пептидами и растворителем часто не понимаются на уровне, который позволяет (semi-) рационально проектировать полимерные связывающие пептиды, что мешает полному использованию их потенциала. Концепция направ

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… PBPs have been identified for chemically diverse polymers, such as PMMA [ 7 ], chlorine-doped polypyrrole (PPyCl) [ 5 ], poly( l -lactide) (PLLA) [ 15 ], polystyrene [ 16 , 17 ], and polypropylene (PP) [ 18 , 19 ]. …

Marine Natural Products as Potent Anticancer Agents (2020-2024): Structural Diversity, SARs and Target Prediction.

In recent years, Marine Natural Products (MNPs) have emerged as a significant source for anticancer drug discovery, as many natural products can offer structural diversity, unique mechanisms of action, and relatively low toxicity. This article provides a systematic review of MNPs with reported anticancer activities from 2020 to 2024. These compounds are classified into seven major categories: terpenoids, alkaloids, sterols, polyketides, peptides and proteins, polysaccharides, and macrolides. For each category, we elaborate on the marine sources, structural identification, in vitro anticancer a

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… Furthermore, elements such as bromine, sulfur, and chlorine are present in some molecules, reflecting the structural characteristics of MNPs. …

Metastatic Breast Cancer: Review of Emerging Nanotherapeutics.

Metastases of breast cancer (BC) are often referred to as stage IV breast cancer due to their severity and high rate of mortality. The median survival time of patients with metastatic BC is reduced to 3 years. Currently, the treatment regimens for metastatic BC are similar to the primary cancer therapeutics and are limited to conventional chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. However, metastatic BC shows organ-specific complex tumor cell heterogeneity, plasticity, and a distinct tumor microenvironment, leading to therapeutic failure. This issue can be successfully addressed b

Combinational Antitumor Strategies Based on the Active Ingredients of Toad Skin and Toad Venom.

A multidrug combination strategy is an important mean to improve the treatment of cancer and is the mainstream scheme of clinical cancer treatment. The active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine, represented by toad skin and toad venom, have the advantages of high efficiency, low toxicity, wide action and multiple targets and have become ideal targets in combined treatment strategies for tumors in recent years. Toad skin and toad venom are traditional Chinese animal medicines derived from Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor or Bufo melanostictus Schneider that have shown excellent therapeutic

Piperine: From Green Extraction to Clinical Translation-A Review.

BACKGROUND: Piperine has diverse pharmacological and bioenhancing activities, but poor aqueous solubility, variable exposure, interaction liability, and discontinuity across production, formulation, and clinical evaluation limit translation. This review integrates these frequently separated stages. METHODS: A structured narrative PubMed search covered English-language studies published from 1 January 2021 to 27 April 2026, supplemented by ClinicalTrials.gov records checked through 13 June 2026, backward citation searching, and selected earlier seminal studies. Evidence was synthesized by expe

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… Compound L has a phenyl group bearing chlorine at position 3. Compound M has a two-carbon chain ending in a phenyl group. Compound N has a methylene group ending in a trifluoromethyl group. … Compound L has a phenyl group bearing chlorine at position 3. Compound M has a two-carbon chain ending in a phenyl group. Compound N has a methylene group ending in a trifluoromethyl group. …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer: from mechanism to therapeutic implications.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as critical secondary messengers in various intracellular signaling pathways that regulate cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival under normal physiological conditions. However, dysregulation of redox signaling-driven by genetic mutations, epigenetic alterations, and posttranscriptional or posttranslational modifications-plays a central role in malignant transformation and cancer progression. Cancer cells typically exhibit elevated basal ROS levels due to increased metabolic activity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oncogene activation. This mode

Sources, pathways, and relative risks of contaminants in surface water and groundwater: a perspective prepared for the Walkerton inquiry.

On a global scale, pathogenic contamination of drinking water poses the most significant health risk to humans, and there have been countless numbers of disease outbreaks and poisonings throughout history resulting from exposure to untreated or poorly treated drinking water. However, significant risks to human health may also result from exposure to nonpathogenic, toxic contaminants that are often globally ubiquitous in waters from which drinking water is derived. With this latter point in mind, the objective of this commission paper is to discuss the primary sources of toxic contaminants in s

European Code Against Cancer, 5th edition - occupational exposures and cancer.

Occupational exposure to cancer-causing agents is a major, yet preventable, contributor to cancer in Europe and globally. In the European Union (EU), cancer is responsible for nearly half of all work-related deaths, underscoring the critical need for prevention measures. Effective strategies typically involve regulatory and workplace measures aimed at reducing or eliminating exposure risks. Raising awareness of hazardous workplace exposures is essential to empower individuals, foster a culture of prevention, and support effective regulation. The 5th edition of the European Code Against Cancer

Association between advanced lung cancer inflammation index levels and ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation: a propensity score-matching analysis.

IntroductionInflammation is closely associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) complicated by stroke. The Advanced Lung Cancer Index (ALI) is a comprehensive indicator of inflammation; however, its relationship with AF-related stroke is unclear. Therefore, this retrospective study was conducted to explore the correlation between ALI and ischemic stroke in patients with AF.MethodsPatients were divided into two groups according to the optimal cutoff value of ALI: low ALI and high ALI groups. The primary outcome was ischemic stroke in patients with AF. To ensure robustness of the findings, propensi

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… | 0 Blood potassium, mmol/L, Mean ± SD | 3.9 ± 0.5 | 4.0 ± 0.6 | 3.9 ± 0.5 | 0.036 | 4.424 | 4.0 ± 0.5 | 4.0 ± 0.6 | 4.0 ± 0.5 | 0.53 | 0.395 Blood sodium, mmol/L, Mean ± SD | 140.2 ± 3.6 | 139.4 ± 4.5 | 140.5 ± 3.2 | < 0.001 | 35.922 | 139.8 ± 3.9 | 139.9 ± 4.4 | 139.8 ± 3.4 | 0.754 | 0.098 Blood chlorine …

Summary for clinicians: ERS guidelines on pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare lung disease caused by accumulation of surfactant in the alveoli, leading to debilitating respiratory symptoms and impaired gas exchange. The recent European Respiratory Society guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations for its diagnosis and management. Autoimmune PAP (aPAP) is the most common form, driven by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) autoantibodies. Recommended diagnostic tools include bronchoalveolar lavage and quantitative GM-CSF antibody testing. Whole lung lavage and inhaled GM-CSF are first-line treatm

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… | Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, amyloidosis, Fanconi's syndrome, agammaglobulinaemia, juvenile dermatomyositis, renal tubular acidosis, severe combined immunodeficiency disease Occupational and environmental exposures | Aluminium, cement, silica, titanium, indium, flour, fertiliser, sawdust, chlorine …